基于PSASP自定义接口功能的直驱型风电机组简化模型

针对大规模直驱永磁风电系统机电暂态仿真时采用PSASP自带的通用发电机模型不能表述实际直驱型永磁风力发电机组(简称D-PMSG)运行特性的问题,以某地近海风电场D-PMSG单机测试数据作为参考,利用PSASP自定义建模环境(PSAP/UD)搭建直驱永磁风机暂态简化模型。D-PMSG暂态简化模型忽略发电机及机侧变流器影响,同时考虑低电压穿越时动态短路电流的特性、电压频率保护控制以及有功恢复速率设置,将D-PMSG当成带有低压穿越保护的受控电流源,并根据D-PMSG低压穿越时的实测数据基于遗传算法实现了重要参数的优化工作。通过分别将D-PMSG暂态简化模型与详细模型、增加爬坡功率设置以及单机测试系统实测运行数据在三相短路故障条件下的对比,验证了D-PMSG暂态简化方法的正确性,以及参数优化方法的有效性。     

光伏发电系统动态离散等值模型研究

可再生能源在新型电力系统中的占比进一步加大，光伏机组并网容量有明显提升的趋势，而不同渗透率下的光伏发电系统动态行为对电网负荷特性产生显著影响，但光伏发电并网动态模型复杂、待辨识参数多，增大了模型实际运用难度.为此，基于光伏电站机理模型，建立光伏发电并网系统的动态离散等值模型，得到光伏发电并网系统的动态离散等值模型的模型参数；并采用IEEE 14节点系统研究不同渗透率下光伏发电并网系统的动态离散等值模型特性.仿真结果表明，光伏发电并网系统的动态离散等值模型能准确描述光伏发电系统的动态特性，且精度高、易于辨识.     

基于实时仿真硬件在环的光伏逆变控制器参数辨识

为准确获取光伏逆变控制器参数,在仿真中实现对光伏系统的精确建模,以便正确分析光伏并网系统的动态性能。提出了一种基于实时仿真硬件在环测试的光伏逆变控制器参数辨识方法。该方法采用基于粒子群算法的dq轴参数解耦辨识策略,通过搭建光伏逆变控制器-实时仿真硬件在环测试平台,将测得多种工况下光伏逆变器的响应数据作为实测数据。利用快速原型控制器(rapid prototyping controller, RCP)对所提出辨识策略准确性进行验证后,利用平台对实际控制器进行硬件在环实验,并依据辨识结果在Simulink中建立仿真模型与实测数据对比。结果表明:所提辨识方法正确性及有效性,可以满足电力系统暂态仿真需求。     

特高压交直流系统的稳定控制仿真研究

随着电力系统的发展,纯机电暂态仿真和电磁暂态仿真在分析大规模特高压交直流混合电网时已呈现明显不足.为了准确地分析特高压交直流输电系统的动态特性,基于电力系统全数字实时仿真平台(ADPSS)搭建了特高压交直流输电系统的机电—电磁暂态混合仿真模型,并对整流侧和逆变侧交流母线故障进行了仿真分析.结果表明,所设计的仿真模型可以有效地掌握直流系统内部器件的详细动态过程,并且为特高压交直流系统的稳定控制提供技术支持和理论指导.     

面向区域电能路由器的高效仿真建模方法

随着区域电能路由器功率等级的提升,其拓扑结构和控制策略设计越来越复杂。如果基于装置的详细拓扑搭建仿真模型,则会导致装置或系统的电磁暂态仿真效率十分低下。针对已有的围绕电力电子装置或系统高效仿真建模方法的不足,该文基于暂态等值模型,提出了适用于区域电能路由器的高效仿真建模方法。该方法通过级间解耦方法,将复杂的电路网络分割成若干个子网,并通过模块及模块组合的Thevenin等效方法降低了单个网络的节点数量,从而实现了对节点导纳矩阵的降阶处理,提高仿真效率。该方法可适用于装置的稳态及负载切换、故障时装置的运行调试,也可适用于与电网的联合仿真。基于一台10kV/1MW四端口区域电能路由器进行测试,证明了该方法的快速性和准确性。     

一种考虑光伏发电系统的广义综合模型

分布式光伏发电系统(photovoltaic generation systems,PVGS)深刻影响了配网侧综合负荷特性,研究考虑分布式光伏发电系统的配网侧广义综合负荷模型是解决分布式光伏发电系统参与电网仿真的有效途径。简述了光伏电池模型及PVGS的并网控制策略,基于MATLAB/Simulink搭建了PVGS仿真平台;通过仿真并分析PVGS动态特性,提出一种适合广义负荷建模的PVGS外特性等效模型——恒功率并联过阻尼状态的电阻、电感及电容(resistance-inductance-capacitance,RLC)串联电路,进行并通过了有效性检验;将PVGS等效模型并联经典综合负荷模型(classic load model,CLM),构建了考虑分布式PVGS的配网侧广义综合负荷模型。通过对比分析此广义综合负荷模型与已有广义综合负荷模型的描述性能,仿真表明本文模型的精确性更好,尤其是多场景下的描述能力;讨论了模型参数的稳定性,结果表明稳定性良好。     

相邻两节点等值算法在复杂电网简化中的应用

实际电力系统呈现非辐射状网络的特点,评估研究其稳定性往往需要建立电磁暂态仿真模型,这就要求首先对系统进行简化等值。采用考虑了等值节点之间耦合阻抗的相邻两节点等值算法,成功实现了对实际复杂大电网的简化建模。德宝高压直流输电系统和南方某实际超高压交流输电系统的仿真分析表明,等值后系统的静态性能与原系统一致,同时也具备比较接近的动态响应,满足等值要求,为后续稳定性的相关研究奠定基础。     

基于多端柔性直流条件下环塔新能源送出可行性分析

针对新疆环塔里木盆地的风能、光伏新能源送出现状,提出采用多端柔性直流输电方式进行新能源外送。从电压等级的选择、柔性直流与高压交流、传统直流输电方式对比,分析环塔地区新能源外送采用柔性直流输电方式的可行性。针对环塔新能源柔性直流送出,设计送端、受端各换流站的控制方式和对环塔交流电网等值建模。最后通过PSCAD/EMTDC搭建送端风电场、光伏电站和受端环塔750kV交流电网仿真模型,并将其组成三端柔性直流系统实现环塔盆地新能源的消纳,通过仿真分析动态特性,验证可行性。     

MEMS系统级仿真建模理论与方法的研究

实现集设计、加工及运行等整个过程的计算机仿真为一体的微机电系统的计算机辅助设计是微机电系统真正走向商品化的重要基础。系统级仿真是MEMS CAD最为关键的重要环节。概括了MEMS CAD的体系结构;着重介绍了适合于MEMS系统级仿真的两个基本模型的基本思想、构造方法。提出用加权残值法（MWR）建立MEMS系统级仿真模型;论述MEMS系统级仿真的MWR建模原理与方法。提出运用演化算法进行自动化、智能化建模的基本思想。     

光伏并网逆变器改进虚拟同步控制策略分析与测试

针对规模化光伏电站并网出现系统稳定性下降问题,提出光伏并网逆变器改进功率外环控制策略提高系统抗干扰能力。首先,推导分析了光伏电站改进控制策略增加系统正阻尼转矩机理,通过多目标遗传算法优化并设计了H_∞回路成形权函数,采用总体最小二乘/旋转矢量不变技术(total least squares/estimating signal parameter via rotational invariance techniques, TLS-ESPRIT)辨识得到系统振荡模态及开环模型。然后,设计了逆变器附加H_∞阻尼控制并对控制参数进行整定。最后,以某实际运行光伏电站为例,依托RT-LAB平台搭建光伏并网系统主电路模型并进行控制器硬件在环测试(hardware in the loop, HIL)。仿真结果表明,基于回路成形的附加控制策略提升了光伏并网系统稳定性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with