烧结铁矿中FeO含量对其在富氢高炉中还原行为的影响

Japan started the national project “COURSE 50” for CO₂ reduction in the 2000s. This project aimed to establish novel technologies to reduce CO₂ emissions with partially utilization of hydrogen in blast furnace-based ironmaking by 30% by around 2030 and use it for practical applications by 2050. The idea is that instead of coke, hydrogen is used as the reducing agent, leading to lower fossil fuel consumption in the process. It has been reported that the reduction behavior of hematite, magnetite, calcium ferrite, and slag in the sinter is different, and it is also considerably influenced by the sinter morphology. This study aimed to investigate the reduction behavior of sinters in hydrogen enriched blast furnace with different mineral morphologies in CO–CO₂–H₂ mixed gas. As an experimental sample, two sinter samples with significantly different hematite and magnetite ratios were prepared to compare their reduction behaviors. The reduction of wustite to iron was carried out at 1000, 900, and 800°C in a CO–CO₂–H₂ atmosphere for the mineral morphology-controlled sinter, and the following findings were obtained. The reduction rate of smaller amount of FeO led to faster increase of the reduction rate curve at the initial stage of reduction. Macro-observations of reduced samples showed that the reaction proceeded from the outer periphery of the sample toward the inside, and a reaction interface was observed where reduced iron and wustite coexisted. Micro-observations revealed three layers, namely, wustite single phase in the center zone of the sample, iron single phase in the outer periphery zone of the sample, and iron oxide-derived wustite FeO and iron, or calcium ferrite-derived wustite 'FeO' and iron in the reaction interface zone. A two-interface unreacted core model was successfully applied for the kinetic analysis of the reduction reaction, and obtained temperature dependent expressions of the chemical reaction coefficients from each mineral phases.     

Mg和La对Ca–Ti 处理钢中夹杂物演变和组织的影响

The evolution of inclusions and the formation of acicular ferrite (AF) in Ca–Ti treated steel was systematically investigated after Mg and La addition. The inclusions in the molten steel were Ca–Al–O, Ca–Al–Mg–O, and La–Mg–Ca–Al–O after Ca, Mg, and La addition, respectively. The type of oxide inclusion in the final quenched samples was the same as that in the molten steel. However, unlike those in molten steel, the inclusions were Ca–Al–Ti–O + MnS, Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS, and La–Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS in Mg-free, Mg-containing, and La-containing samples, respectively. The inclusions distributed dispersedly in the La-containing sample. In addition, the average size of the inclusions in the La-containing sample was the smallest, while the number density of inclusions was the highest. The size of effective inclusions (nucleus of AF formation) was mainly in the range of 1–3 μm. In addition, the content of ferrite side plates (FSP) decreased, while the percentage of AF increased by 16.2% due to the increase in the number of effective inclusions in the La-containing sample in this study.     

摩擦焊接碳钢（EN24）和镍基高温合金（IN718）的显微组织和力学性能

Continuous-drive rotary friction welding was performed to join cylindrical specimens of carbon steel (EN24) and nickel-based superalloy (IN718), and the microstructures of three distinct weld zones—the weld interface (WI)/thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the base metal—were examined. The joint was observed to be free of defects but featured uneven flash formation. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed substantial changes in high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle grain boundaries, and twin boundaries in the TMAZ and HAZ. Moreover, significant refinement in grain size (2–5 μm) was observed at the WI/TMAZ with reference to the base metal. The possible causes of these are discussed. The microhardness profile across the welded joint shows variation in hardness. The changes in hardness are ascribed to grain refinement, phase transformation, and the dissolution of strengthening precipitates. The tensile test results reveal that a joint efficiency of 100% can be achieved using this method.     

汽车暴露面板带有表面条状缺陷的夹杂物分布特征分析:一种定量电解方法

The specific distribution characteristics of inclusions along with the sliver defect were analyzed in detail to explain the formation mechanism of the sliver defect on the automobile exposed panel surface. A quantitative electrolysis method was used to compare and evaluate the three-dimensional morphology, size, composition, quantity, and distribution of inclusions in the defect and non-defect zone of automobile exposed panel. The Al₂O₃ inclusions were observed to be aggregated or chain-like shape along with the sliver defect of about 3–10 μm. The aggregation sections of the Al₂O₃ inclusions are distributed discretely along the rolling direction, with a spacing of 3–7 mm, a length of 6–7 mm, and a width of about 3 mm. The inclusion area part is 0.04%–0.16% with an average value of 0.08%, the inclusion number density is 40 mm?2 and the inclusion average spacing is 25.13 μm. The inclusion spacing is approximately 40–160 μm, with an average value of 68.76 μm in chain-like inclusion parts. The average area fraction and number density of inclusions in the non-defect region were reduced to about 0.002% and 1–2 mm?2, respectively, with the inclusion spacing of 400 μm and the size of Al₂O₃ being 1–3 μm.     

在酸性溶液中加压氧化三价砷离子和二价铁离子

The co-oxidation of As(III) and Fe(II) in acidic solutions by pressured oxygen was studied under an oxygen pressure between 0.5 and 2.0 MPa at a temperature of 150°C. It was confirmed that without Fe(II) ions, As(III) ions in the solutions are virtually non-oxidizable by pressured oxygen even at a temperature as high as 200°C and an oxygen pressure up to 2.0 MPa. Fe(II) ions in the solutions did have a catalysis effect on the oxidation of As(III), possibly attributable to the production of such strong oxidants as hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) and Fe(IV) in the oxidation process of Fe(II). The effects of such factors as the initial molar ratio of Fe(II)/As(III), initial pH value of the solution, oxygen pressure, and the addition of radical scavengers on the oxidation efficiencies of As(III) and Fe(II) were studied. It was found that the oxidation of As(III) was limited in the co-oxidation process due to the accumulation of the As(III) oxidation product, As(V), in the solutions.     

活化天然矿石选择性还原二氧化碳为无定形碳

Natural magnetite formed by the isomorphism substitutions of transition metals, including Fe, Ti, Co, etc., was activated by mechanical grinding followed by H₂ reduction. The temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H₂-TPR) and temperature-programmed surface reaction of carbon dioxide (CO₂-TPSR) were carried out to investigate the processes of oxygen loss and CO₂ reduction. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the stability of spinel phases and oxygen-deficient degree significantly increased after natural magnetite was mechanically milled and reduced in H₂ atmosphere. Meanwhile, the activity and selectivity of CO₂ reduction into carbon were enhanced. The deposited carbon on the activated natural magnetite was confirmed as amorphous. The amount of carbon after CO₂ reduction at 300°C for 90 min over the activated natural magnetite was 2.87wt% higher than that over the natural magnetite.     

含钛高炉炉渣微波合成碳化钛及其介电性能测定

The preparation of functional material titanium carbide by the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with microwave heating is an effective method for valuable metals recovery; it can alleviate the environmental pressure caused by slag stocking. The dynamic dielectric parameters of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag/pulverized coal mixture under high-temperature heating are measured by the cylindrical resonant cavity perturbation method. Combining the transient dipole and large π bond delocalization polarization phenomena, the interaction mechanism of the microwave macroscopic non-thermal effect on the titanium carbide synthesis reaction was revealed. The material thickness range during microwave heating was optimized by the joint analysis of penetration depth and reflection loss, which is of great significance to the design of the microwave reactor for the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.     

采用超声组装与滚压工艺制备铝–碳纳米管复合材料

This study introduced a novel fabrication of aluminum–carbon nanotube (CNT) composites by employing bulk acoustic waves and accumulative roll bonding (ARB). In this method, CNT particles were aligned using ultrasonic standing wave in an aqueous media, and the arrayed particles were precipitated on the aluminum plate substrate. Then, the plates rolled on each other through the ARB process with four passes. Optical and scanning electron micrographs demonstrated the effective aligning of CNTs on the aluminum substrate with a negligible deviation of arrayed CNTs through the ARB process. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the developed composites showed no peaks for carbon and aluminum carbide. In addition, tensile tests showed that the longitudinal strength of the specimens processed with aligned CNTs was significantly greater than that of the specimens with common randomly dispersed particles. The proposed technique is beneficial for the fabrication of Al–CNT composites with directional mechanical strength.     

试论佛学“中道”思想对诗格写作的影响

"诗家之中道"说由皎然在《诗议》中首次提出。在研究唐代诗格作品的基础上,我们认为只有破"我执",不要"迷",不要被"物转",要有所悟,才能做到"明",从而达到诗家中道之境界。可见佛学中道说对唐代诗学理论有着重要的影响。     

“和尚”的俗词源探讨

“和尚”应是梵文音译和汉语“秃”字析形名称相统一的对从事佛教人士的一种称呼，词形经历了从“禾上”到“和上”、“和尚”的变化，反映了汉民族接受外来宗教的心理变化过程。     

日本人的“ラち”、“そと”意识与日语的时态转换

从日本人的“ラち”、“そと”意识角度出发，通过对川端康成、志贺直哉的几部小说进行分析统计，探讨日语在描写过去的事件中，插入“内时态‘る’形”的条件和原因。分析发现当作者为了使作品更生动，或是作者与作品中人物产生“同感”时，或是表达作者的主观思想、评论时，往往发生时态的转换。     

《论语》“九合诸侯”歧解辨正

《论语·宪问篇》“九合诸侯”中“九”字的注解历来众说纷纭，概括古今注家的歧解大致可分为四类：实数说；虚数说；通假说；同源通用说。从文献例证、字形、读音以及古人行文特点诸方面进行分析，虚数说、通假说虽值得肯定但有失偏颇，实数说则明显有失，同源通用说比较合理。“九合”中的“九”和“合”是同义并列关系。     

晚清邵阳蒙学名著：魏源《蒙雅》

魏源《蒙雅》是晚清邵阳蒙学名著，它仿《尔雅》基本内容、基本体例而编排，是“应书生读典籍而纂辑的识字课本”，分天、地、人、物、事等二十四篇。《蒙雅》韵语中存在方言读音。     

《围城》中“堂房叔伯兄弟”之结构语义与翻译

《围城》中的七八个“堂房叔伯兄弟”一语存在结构语义歧义：一为A＋ N1N2结构,指堂房叔伯和堂房兄弟共七八个;二为A1A2 ＋N结构,指堂房兄弟和叔伯兄弟共七八个,而堂房兄弟与叔伯兄弟是异名同指,实际指堂兄弟七八个.珍妮·凯利和茅国权采用了第一种结构语义.对《围城》的文本语境以及CCL的汉语语料考查发现,堂（房）兄弟和叔伯兄弟具有绝对的语用普遍性,而“堂叔伯”和“（同/嫡）堂伯叔”往往用作前置修饰语限定其它称谓,第二种结构语义更具合理性.     

利用录井参数判断油气藏油（气）水界面的应用分析

在油气田的勘探开发中如能及时发现油（气）水界面,能够防止和杜绝因水浸而造成的喷、涌、卡、漏以及钻井液严重污染等复杂事故的发生,为油气田下一步的勘探开发方案提供及时的参考数据。阐述了录井参数的变化在判断油气水界面的应用,对各种录井参数进行了分析,总结出这些参数与油气水界面之间的关系。     

英语词汇强度知识、深度知识与阅读关系探究

英语词汇知识在英语阅读理解中所起的重要作用是毋庸置疑的,但是词汇知识的框架是复杂而多维的。测量了英语学习者的词汇强度知识及词汇深度知识,以揭示英语学习者英语词汇知识的全貌,并证实了英语词汇强度知识及深度知识在阅读中所起的不同作用。文章研究结果还表明,在词汇强度知识的四个样态中积极回忆样态对阅读有最强的预测力,而词汇深度知识中的词汇意义比搭配更能预测学习者的阅读能力。     

《汉书》校释札记两则

本文从文字演变的角度出发,结合词汇、语法和文化知识,重新训释了《汉书》的两个文字,认为"今其甚者杀父兄"的"甚"是"揕"的记音字;"其冤死者多少相覆"的"少"是"尸"的讹体字,这句话应标点为"其冤死者多,尸相覆。"并认为在汉代偏义复词的"多少"并未产生。     

“姐”“祖”同源考

通过对方言、相关民族语言材料的研究，辅之以人类学、文字学的观察发现，在姬周语（汉语雅言的前身）和古羌语分离之前的原始祖语中已经诞生了“蛆”的前身“且”，“姐”和“祖”同源。这为“姐”后来在汉语中逐渐代替了“姊”的语言地位准备了条件。