Tn5转座子插入p95基因不影响AcMNPV的复制

从Tn5转座子介导的AcMNPV随机插入突变体库中,分离到一株复制正常的突变体AcApra41.突变定位发现Tn5转座子插入了病毒p95基因中.为了排除AcApra41中还有其他突变,利用同源重组法构建了p95基因定点插入突变的重组病毒AcGFP-P95in.PCR确认p95基因中插入了Tn5转座子;Western blot也证实AcApra41和AcGFP-P95in感染的细胞中,P95蛋白的分子量都因为插入突变而变小,由野生型的95 ku变为 55 ku.病毒复制动态曲线和荧光显微镜观察证实带有该插入突变的病毒能够在Sf9细胞中正常复制,并表达极晚期基因.这一结果表明完整的P95蛋白对病毒复制是非必须的.     

突变型绿色荧光蛋白基因在昆虫细胞和幼虫中的表达

用细菌－杆状病毒穿梭系统将一套含有绿色荧光蛋白基因和完整多角体蛋白基因的表达盒转座到ＡｃＮＰＶ－Ｂａｃｍｉｄ的Ｔｎ７转座接受位点,从而构建出一种带有ｇｆｐ基因和完整多角体基因的重组杆状病毒,用这一重组病毒感染细胞能稳定地殂多角体。     

诺如病毒衣壳蛋白在Tn5细胞中的表达及纯化

将人诺如病毒VA387株ORF2基因插入载体pFastBac1中,转化DH10Bac感受态细胞获得Bacmid-NoV-ORF2;脂质体介导转染sf9昆虫细胞,获得表达NoV-ORF2的重组杆状病毒Ac-NoV-ORF2.冻融破碎经Ac-NoV-ORF2感染的Tn5细胞,离心收集上清进行分子筛纯化.10%SDS-PAGE分析结果显示,重组病毒感染的Tn5细胞可见特异的蛋白条带;目的蛋白条带为相对分子质量59kD和56kD的两个条带;电镜观察发现表达的诺如病毒衣壳蛋白成功装配成了大小约为40~50nm的VLPs.结果表明在Tn5细胞中实现了诺如病毒衣壳蛋白的表达和VLPs的装配.     

AcMNPV p95基因一段339 bp序列在病毒复制中的作用

杆状病毒苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(AcMNPV)的p95基因编码的P95蛋白是病毒核衣壳的组成部分,也是虫体经口感染相关因子PIF(Per os Infectivity Factor)复合体的组成部分.前期研究表明,完整的P95蛋白对病毒的复制是非必需的,其中一段450bp的序列可以部分弥补p95基因的作用.本研究将p95基因一段339bp的片段(Core339,AcMNPV基因组位置:69 576~69 914bp)以正反两个方向分别插入到p95基因敲除的AcMNPV基因组中多角体位点的polyA之后,构建了两株重组病毒vP95K/EGFP/339+和vP95K/EGFP/339-.该两株病毒能在Sf9细胞中正常复制,复制水平与p95基因正常的AcEGFP相当,但复制速度较慢.重组病毒感染细胞的Western blot分析未检测到P95蛋白的表达.这一结果表明P95蛋白的缺失对病毒在细胞中的复制没有显著影响,但核心片段Core339对于病毒复制具有关键作用.     

几种诱导昆虫细胞RNA干扰质粒的构建和效果比较

构建了四种可以在昆虫细胞中表达形成dsRNA的质粒,比较了其诱导RNA干扰,抑制目标基因———绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因表达的效果.四种质粒都不同程度地抑制了质粒介导的GFP表达,其中尤以单个果蝇hsp70启动子表达反向重复序列,并带有杆状病毒AcMNPV增强子hr5的质粒效果最佳,使GFP表达量下降到原来的3.9%.当用于抑制由杆状病毒介导的GFP表达时,以两个相向排列的AcMNPV ie1基因启动子的构造有明显的抑制效果.这些结果对于在昆虫细胞中有效地利用RNA i研究基因功能有参考意义.     

PiggyBac 转座子在肝脏中的活性研究

本实验运用高压尾静脉注射的方法将PB转座系统导入小鼠肝脏,研究其在肝脏中的转座活性,系统中PB转座子携带表达红色荧光蛋白的基因以指示转座的发生.注射10个月后取出小鼠肝脏,体视荧光显微镜观察肝脏是否有红色荧光,并通过基因组PCR、splinkerette PCR分析PB转座子在肝脏中的插入情况.实验结果表明,PB转座子在肝脏内发生高效转座,检测的68个PB插入位点中有34个位于基因序列,使得PB系统可以作为有效的基因诱变工具来研究基因功能.     

水稻白叶枯病菌致病相关基因筛选系统的建立

水稻白叶枯病菌Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae是水稻生产中最严重的细菌性病害之一。本研究采用Tn5转座子随机插入突变的方法构建水稻白叶枯病菌广西菌株K74的突变体库,Southern杂交显示Tn5随机单拷贝插入基因组。通过水稻致病性检测试验,目前获得15个致病力降低50%以上的突变体,为定位Tn5插入突变基因,经质粒拯救、测序、序列分析后发现:4个突变基因为gum基因簇基因,5个为LPS基因簇基因,2个为metB基因,1个为hrpB1基因,2个是与糖合成转移酶相关基因,1个为编码假定蛋白的基因。其中14个突变基因是已知的与致病相关的基因。实验结果表明本研究成功建立了一个筛选水稻白叶枯病菌致病相关基因的系统,为进一步研究水稻白叶枯病致病相关基因,阐明该病的致病机理奠定基础。     

水稻细菌性条斑病菌一个新基因与致病相关

水稻细菌性条斑病菌是水稻的主要病原菌之一,其引发的水稻细菌性条斑病可造成水稻严重减产。利用广西分离株GX01作为建库出发菌株,采用EZ::Tn5转座子标签法构建GX01菌株的Tn5随机插入突变体库,其后利用针刺接种法在水稻上进行致病性试验,筛选到1个致病性明显下降的突变体。TAIL-PCR定位该突变位点位于XOC3376,该基因的编码产物注释为假设蛋白。为了研究XOC3376的功能,对其进行表型检测及功能互补,结果表明其互补菌株的表型及致病力都能恢复到野生型的水平。本文为进一步研究水稻细菌性条斑病菌的致病相关基因的功能、阐明该病菌的致病机理奠定基础。     

猕猴B病毒妒和gC合成基因重组杆状病毒质粒的构建

目的构建猕猴B病毒gB和gc合成基因的杆状病毒重组质粒（rBacmid）。方法根据本室已经合成的猕猴B病毒gB基因和gc基因,利用BamHI和XhoI特异性酶切,将其亚克隆于昆虫杆状病毒的pFastBacHTA转座载体。将该阳性转座载体转化到DHlobac感受态细胞,从中筛选出阳性重组细菌,并提取重组质粒。结果获得了重组质粒bacmid—gB和bacmid—gC。结论该研究为猕猴B病毒gB和gc蛋白在杆状病毒系统内的表达奠定了基础。     

天蓝色链霉菌中S-adenosylmethionine依赖性甲基转移酶同源基因sco1162调控孢子发育及抗生素合成

利用大肠杆菌-链霉菌穿梭质粒pDZY101携带的转座子Tn101随机插入到天蓝色链霉菌(Streptomyces coelicolor)M145构建的插入突变库,从中分离到一株孢子色素及抗生素合成明显发生变化的菌株BZ100.测序发现,该突变株中Tn101插入到了链霉菌的sco1162基因中.序列分析表明,该基因编码S腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenosylmethionine,SAM)依赖的甲基转移酶.为了验证该插入突变与表型的对应关系,构建了能在突变菌株中表达sco1162基因的互补质粒pFDZ16-1162,将该质粒转化突变株后,突变菌株的孢子形态和抗生素合成水平得到完全恢复.     

Construction of transposon-mediated baculovirus vector and expression of green fluorescent protein in insect cells and larvae

A transposon-shuttle vector Hanpvid was constructed by using wild-type genomic DNA fromHeliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HaNPV). It could replicate inE. coli cells as a large plasmid and remain infectious when being induced into insect cells. Hanpvid comprises HaNPV DNA and a transposon cassette which includes a miniF replicon, a kanamycin resistance gene (kan), lacZa and an attachment site for Tn7 (attTn7). Recombinant virus rHa-FaGP was obtained after transposition of a donor plasmid carrying green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) and polyhedrin gene (ocu) into attTn7. SDS-PAGE analysis shows that both gfp and ocu genes were highly expressed inHeliothis armigera cells. Green Hemolymphocytes can be seen under a fluorescent microscope 4 d after recombinant virus rHa-FaGP infected the third-instar larvae. The infected larvae show strong green fluorescence 6 d post infection.     

Cloning and analysis of the antagonistic related genes of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterobacter cloacae</Emphasis> B8

To understand the antagonistic mechanism of the broad spectrum antagonistic Enterobacter cloacae B8,Tn5 transposon-mediated mutagenesis is performed using suicide plasmid pZJ25. Two mutant strains that lost antagonistic character are isolated. Tagging with kanr gene on Tn5,an antagonistic related DNA fragment, the F fragment, right of the Tn5 insertion site is cloned in a plasmid named pTLF,from one of the mutant strains B8F. The 733 bp F fragment is then sequenced after subcloning. Genomic DNA of the original B8 strain is isolated, digested with Pst I and ligated to Pst I cassette. DNA fragments left and right of the F fragment are amplified from the Pst I cassette library using cassette primer and specific primers designed according to known sequence. 1106 bp sequence left of the F fragment and 664bp sequence right of the F fragment are finally obtained. Bioinformatics analysis shows that the contig assembled from the sequences of the cloned antagonistic related DNA fragments of B8 encodes three ORFs and is homogeneous to admM,admN and admO genes of Pantoea agglomerans andrimid biosynthetic gene cluster (AY192157). The ORF, named anrF gene which encodes a polyketide synthase, knocked out by Tn5 insertion, is a homology of admM and the insertion site of Tn5 is at 214 bp upstream of the stop codon. It is concluded that the anrF gene is a gene related to the antagonistic activity of E. cloacae B8, and speculated that the antagonistic substance produced by B8 is an andrimid.     

A general method for site-directed mutagenesis in prokaryotes

The genetic analysis of genes from prokaryotic species for which experimental genetic systems have not yet been developed is often limited by the difficulty of producing mutations in those genes. We report here a general technique applicable to Gram-negative prokaryotes for site-directed mutagenesis of cloned DNA fragments which we have applied to the study of the symbiotic nitrogen fixation genes of Rhizobium meliloti. In particular, we mutagenized cloned R. meliloti restriction fragments in Escherichia coli with transposon Tn5 and then replaced the wild-type parental DNA sequences with the mutant DNA sequences in the R. meliloti genome. Using this method we show that an R. meliloti DNA restriction fragment, cloned previously on the basis of homology to Klebsiella pneumoniae nif genes, contains gene(s) essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. In addition, we use this method to construct a physical genetic map of a subset of the R. meliloti nif genes.     

ATP-dependent specific binding of Tn3 transposase to Tn3 inverted repeats

Transposons are discrete segments of DNA which are capable of moving from one site in a genome to many different sites. Tn3 is a prokaryotic transposon which is 4,957 base pairs (bp) long and encodes a transposase protein which is essential for transposition. We report here a simple method for purifying Tn3 transposase and demonstrate that the transposase protein binds specifically to the ends of the Tn3 transposon in an ATP-dependent manner. The transposase protein binds to linear double-stranded DNA both nonspecifically and specifically; the nonspecific DNA binding activity is sensitive to challenge with heparin. Site-specific DNA binding to the ends (inverted repeats) of Tn3 is observed only when binding is performed in the presence of ATP; this ATP-dependent site-specific DNA binding activity is resistant to heparin challenge. Our results indicate that ATP qualitatively alters the DNA binding activity of the transposase protein so that the protein is able to bind specifically to the ends of the Tn3 transposon.     

Construction of a bacterial artificial chromosome library of S-type CMS maize mitochondria

In order to isolate mitochondrial genes easily, we have developed a new method to construct S-type CMS maize mitochondrial gene library by means of embedding mitochondria and enzymatic digesting mitochondriain situ, preparing mtDNA by electrophoresis, digesting LMP agarose with β-agarase, using BAC vector and electroporation. About 2 500 white clones of Mo17 CMS-J mitochondrial gene library were obtained with the average size of 18.24 kb, ranging from 5 to 40 kb, 63.6% inserts came from mitochondrial genome and represented 48 × mitochondrial genome equivalents. All the probes had detected the positive clones in the gene library. It is helpful to elucidating the maize mitochondrial genome structure and mechanism of S-type CMS, and may give some valuable reference to the construction of other plant mitochondrial genome library.     

基于转座子策略提高链霉菌中landomycin E产量的研究

【目的】对影响放线菌链霉菌Streptomyces globisporus产landomycin E(laE)的代谢网络进行研究,以提高次生代谢物的产量。【方法】通过构建含强启动子和抗性标记的转座子Tn7为基础的转座子,整合至S.globisporus的染色体产生突变库,筛选高产量的突变株并对其代谢网络进行研究分析。【结果】利用构建好的Tn7-转座子连续转化链霉菌S.globisporus,经过数轮的突变和筛选,得到6株产量有较大改变的突变株,对整合位点的亚克隆和测序结果表明,该位点整合导致编码类似细菌的某些调节因子如TetR和GntR家族的蛋白的基因失活。【结论】所构建的经过修饰的微型Tn7-转座子不仅带有抗性标记且有启动子,可插入链霉菌染色体产生突变,进而提高次生代谢物laE的产量,同时也证明,转座子基载体可应用于非模式菌链霉菌。     

Transmembrane structure and function of dctPQM encoding C4－dicarboxylate transport proteins from nitrogen－fixing P. stutzeri A1501

C4-dicarboxylate transport proteins of diazotroph Pseudomonas stutzeri were encoded by dctPQM genes. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that dctP, dctQ,and dctM grouped together. Its nucleotide and amino acid sequence shared high homology with that of dctP gene encoding periplasmic C4-dicarboxylate-binding protein and dctQM genes encoding C4-dicarboxylate transport proteins from the free-living nitrogen-fixing Aotobacter vinelandii.Structural analysis showed that DctP of P. stutzeri did not include membrane-spanning regions, and DctQ and DctM contained 5 and 12 transmembrane segments, respectively.The fragment containing the complete dctPQM genes was cloned into the Tn5 transposon region of suicide mobilization plasmid pSZ2L The resultant plasmid was named pSZY6.By triparental mating, Tn5 transposon carrying the dctPQM genes inserted into the genome of the wild type strain A1501,randomly. The recombinant strain A-142 which harboured an extra copy of dctPQM genes was constructed and identified by PCR amplification of npt II gene. When A-142 was grown in minimal medium with different concentrations (20,10 and 5mmol/L) of C4-dicarboxylates succinate, malate, or fumarate as the sole carbon source, the rate of nitrogen fixation assayed by acetylene reduction was significantly higher than that of the wild-type strain A150L This result was established that an extra copy of dctPQM genes could increase the activity of nitrogen fixation of P. stutzeri strain A1501.