冲绳海槽钢锌黑烟囱枝状构造成因机制及其地质意义

研究表明，冲绳海槽铜锌黑烟囱内发育的枝状构造矿物成分为闪锌矿，在枝状闪锌矿内发育片状黄铜矿鱼骨状构造，枝状构造闪锌矿及其内部生长的鱼骨状黄铜矿具有从烟囱外壁向内部生长的特征。从对该烟囱进行的电子探针分析结果看，组成该烟囱的主要硫化物单矿物(黄铜矿、方铅矿、黄铁矿等)的Cu／Zn值，从外壁至中央通道，具有低-高-低的特征，在该烟囱枝状构造和外壁过渡带达到最高；闪锌矿中特征不明显。Au，As等元素与此有相似的特征，据以上这些特征推断在该烟囱初始喷发时，富含硫化物的高温流体与海水接触，造成了异常高的过饱和度增高，并发生快速冷却结晶，形成闪锌矿淬火构造，外壁的低渗透性阻隔了高温型热液从管壁向海水的扩散，使得高温热液有较为充足的时间在靠近外壁的位置和早期枝状闪锌矿进行物质交换取代，从而有利于在外壁和枝状构造接触部位形成Au，Cu和As异常高富集。     

广西铜坑富铟锡矿床中闪锌矿的微量元素赋存特征

位于桂西北丹池成矿带上的大厂锡多金属矿床是世界重要的铟产地,其铟元素主要赋存在闪锌矿中,而闪锌矿往往与黄铜矿及磁黄铁矿共生。以闪锌矿为对象,在野外、室内矿物学观察基础上,通过高精度电子探针和微量元素分析为手段,研究闪锌矿微量元素之间相互关系及其形成原因。根据实验结果,得出以下结论:铜坑矿床中的闪锌矿富含大量的微量元素,闪锌矿独特的四面体结构以及较高的Fe含量有利于微量元素的进入,微量元素的相关性不仅反映了元素含量的此消彼长,更反映了成矿时不同的物理化学条件。通过对微量元素相关性及闪锌矿"骨骼"现象的研究,推测闪锌矿丰富的微量元素及"骨骼"现象并非闪锌矿同期产物,而是与岩浆有关的晚期富Cu、Sn、In流体叠加交代早阶段含Cd闪锌矿的结果。一方面,大量的微量元素进入到闪锌矿晶格中;另一方面,岩浆带来的大量Cu元素捕获原有闪锌矿,原有闪锌矿在黄铜矿中重结晶形成雪花状和星状等"骨骼"现象。     

冲绳海槽铜锌黑烟囱枝状构造成因机制及其地质意义

研究表明，冲绳海槽铜锌黑烟囱内发育的枝状构造矿物成分为闪锌矿，在枝状闪锌矿内发育片状黄铜矿鱼骨状构造.枝状构造闪锌矿及其内部生长的鱼骨状黄铜矿具有从烟囱外壁向内部生长的特征.从对该烟囱进行的电子探针分析结果看，组成该烟囱的主要硫化物单矿物（黄铜矿、方铅矿、黄铁矿等）的Cu/Zn值，从外壁至中央通道，具有低-高-低的特征，在该烟囱枝状构造和外壁过渡带达到最高；闪锌矿中特征不明显.Au，As等元素与此有相似的特征.据以上这些特征推断在该烟囱初始喷发时，富含硫化物的高温流体与海水接触，造成了异常高的过饱和度增高，并发生快速冷却结晶，形成闪锌矿淬火构造.外壁的低渗透性阻隔了高温型热液从管壁向海水的扩散，使得高温热液有较为充足的时间在靠近外壁的位置和早期枝状闪锌矿进行物质交换取代，从而有利于在外壁和枝状构造接触部位形成Au，Cu和As异常高富集.     

有机抑制剂SDD与BX在铜活化闪锌矿表面的竞争吸附机制

通过单矿物浮选试验揭示了有机抑制剂SDD对铜活化闪锌矿的抑制情况.在此基础上,采用Zeta电位测试、Versa STAT电化学工作站的局部交流阻抗(LEIS)测试、前线轨道理论计算对SDD和BX(丁基黄药)在铜活化闪锌矿表面的竞争吸附机理进行了研究.浮选试验结果表明:SDD是一种铜锌分离的高效抑制剂,能够有效的抑制闪锌矿,而黄铜矿几乎不受影响;此外,还发现SDD具有用量少且十分敏感的特性,在pH为10,SDD为4.0×10-5 mol·L-1的最佳条件下,能够将铜活化闪锌矿的回收率降低至16.59%,而黄铜矿的回收率为81.64%.Zeta电位和局部交流阻抗(LEIS)分析表明:SDD不但能够占据铜活化闪锌矿表面的活化位点,而且其吸附能力强于BX,这极大的降低了BX在铜活化闪锌矿表面的吸附量,从而对铜活化闪锌矿表现出良好的抑制作用.前线轨道理论计算进一步证实SDD与铜活化闪锌矿作用能力强于BX.     

广西龙湾铅锌矿床矿石矿物组构特征及成矿阶段划分

通过井下的详细勘查和显微镜下鉴定,对广西龙湾铅锌矿床的矿石组构特征进行了系统研究.矿区矿石构造主要为块状构造、浸染状构造、网脉状构造和斑杂状构造;结构主要为结晶作用和交代作用形成的结构,其次为固溶体分离作用、结晶物质重结晶作用和压力作用形成的结构.同时将成矿期次分为沉积成岩期、中低温热液成矿期和表生氧化期,其中热液成矿期是矿床的主要成矿期.根据矿物组合特征,将成矿划分为五个成矿阶段,分别是黄铁矿-石英-方解石阶段、闪锌矿-方铅矿-黄铁矿阶段、黄铁矿-闪锌矿-方铅矿-黄铜矿阶段、石英-方解石阶段、氧化物阶段.矿物的生成顺序为黄铁矿1-闪锌矿(黄铜矿1)-方铅矿-黄铁矿2-黄铜矿2.最终确定龙湾矿床为受构造活动控制的中低温热液充填交代-叠生改造型多金属矿床.     

超细氰化尾渣中铜铅矿物颗粒界面性质

山东某冶炼厂氰化尾渣无法实现铜铅分选,通过XRD、激光粒度仪、浮选实验、FTIR、SEM-EDS、金相显微镜等方法,研究了氰化尾渣铜铅矿物颗粒界面性质.结果表明,渣中主要矿物为方铅矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿、闪锌矿,粒度小于38μm质量分数为95.61%.氰化尾渣中的方铅矿和黄铜矿表面含有大量油状物,此油状物被证明是机械润滑油.黄铜矿表面吸附大量润滑油,造成黄铜矿无法被氰化物抑制.细颗粒方铅矿通过疏水作用力包裹在黄铜矿表面,导致铜铅无法分选.     

个旧等锡矿中沉积组构的发现与矿床成因新探

在个旧等大型锡多金属矿区发现了鲕状黄铁矿,鲕状磁黄铁矿以及球状胶黄铁矿,层纹状和条带状硫化物矿石等典型沉积组构,并对一些具有典型沉积组构的胶黄铁矿进行了深一步的研究,发现其中还有锡石,闪锌矿,方铅矿,黄铜矿等微小的矿物包裹体。     

典型金属硫化物电性参数及其影响因素分析

为了获取金属硫化物矿床物理特征、地质构造、化学组分、矿物赋存状态、矿物晶体及结构等因素与典型金属硫化物电性参数之间的拟合规律,以黄铜矿(Cp)、方铅矿(Gn)、闪锌矿(Sp)、黄铁矿(Py)典型金属硫化物为研究对象,通过电子探针、镜下观察、电参数测试装置及计算分析等手段,分析矿物化学组分及其晶体结构、电参数及其影响因素之间的内在联系等关键信息。研究表明:矿物含水率、介电常数、矿物结晶程度、排列方式、环境温度、孔隙率等因素会对金属硫化物电参数产生明显的影响。结论认为金属硫化物含水率、介电常数与其导电性呈正相关;从金属硫化物化学成份含量分析来看,黄铜矿、方铅矿、黄铁矿的导电性与所含Cu,Fe,Pb元素呈正相关,有较好的拟合度,闪锌矿的导电性与Zn含量不具有正相关性。     

大垅铅锌矿床硫化物Rb-Sr同位素和主微量成分特征及矿床成因

大垅铅锌矿床位于湘东邓阜仙复式岩体北端,其赋矿围岩为二云母花岗岩,矿体产于南北向硅化破碎带中。对闪锌矿的Rb-Sr同位素进行分析,对矿床地质特征及硫化物电子探针主微量成分进行分析。研究结果表明:本区有3种矿化形式,分别对应3个成矿阶段,即石英—多金属硫化物阶段、石英—黄铁矿—闪锌矿阶段和石英—萤石—闪锌矿阶段,其初始~(87)Sr与~(86)Sr质量分数之比即w(~(87)Sr)/w(~(86)Sr)=0.709 9±0.009 7,与八团岩体的相近,Rb-Sr等时线成矿年龄为(154±8.0)Ma,与成岩年龄(159.2±4.6)Ma一致,反映成矿与燕山期岩浆活动具有密切的成因联系;成矿作用以岩浆热液为主;黄铜矿—黄铁矿微量元素温度计、矿物对硫同位素温度计以及绿泥石温度计显示成矿温度为161~229℃,属中低温范畴。矿床成因属于与燕山期中酸性岩浆侵入作用有关的中低温岩浆热液型铅锌矿床。     

白银厂铜矿床地质特征

白银厂铜矿床位于北祁连加里东地槽东部火山岩系内,区内火山岩发育。矿床受区域构造控制,矿体呈扁豆状、透镜状、似层状、脉状等,产状与地层大体一致。矿石构造以块状、浸染状和脉状为主,结构以自形、半自形粒状结构和交代结构为主。近矿围岩蚀变以绢云母化、硅化、黄铁矿化为主;远矿围岩蚀变以铁白云岩化、碳酸盐化、绿泥石化为主。矿石的矿物成分主要为黄铁矿、黄铜矿,其次是闪锌矿、方铅矿以及少量磁铁矿等。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that