临界应力比下M24高强螺栓的常幅疲劳性能试验研究

针对材质为35 K的8.8级M24高强螺栓进行了3个试件静力拉伸试验和15个试件临界应力比下(R=0.8)的轴心"拉-拉"常幅疲劳试验,拟合了应力-循环次数曲线(即S-N曲线),选取典型试件疲劳断口进行宏观和微观分析,并与基于国家标准GB 50017-2017相关公式的计算结果进行了对比。结果表明:疲劳试验数据离散性大,对应循环破坏次数整体偏低,但均在95%置信区间内,拟合的S-N曲线基本反映不同应力幅下试件的疲劳寿命;螺栓试件常幅疲劳破坏均起始于螺纹齿根处,疲劳失效由多点疲劳源扩展形成线状疲劳源,断口韧窝特征明显;对比试验结果和国家标准规定允许的疲劳建议值,2×10~6次循环对应的疲劳强度为标准建议值的1.35倍。     

网架结构螺栓球节点中M39高强度螺栓变幅疲劳性能试验

螺栓球网架结构在悬挂吊车循环荷载作用下,节点处高强度螺栓易发生疲劳破坏。本文利用MTS疲劳试验机完成了7组M39高强度螺栓在轴向拉伸应力循环下的变幅疲劳试验,通过对疲劳断口的形貌分析,揭示了变幅疲劳的破坏特征,基于miner线性累计损伤法则对试验数据进行折算,得到对应的等效常幅应力,经拟合绘制了变幅疲劳破坏的S-N曲线并给出表达式,最后将此次变幅疲劳数据和已有的M39高强度螺栓常幅疲劳对比,证明了变幅疲劳破坏寿命可以等效成常幅疲劳问题来分析计算。本次变幅疲劳试验结果所得的应力循环次数达200万次时对应的容许应力幅为现行规范中的1.45倍。     

钢桥面板顶板与竖向加劲肋连接角焊缝疲劳试验

为研究钢桥面板顶板与竖向加劲肋连接角焊缝的疲劳性能,采用机械型振动疲劳试验机对制作的9个试件进行等幅疲劳加载,并通过名义应力和热点应力2种方法对试件焊缝疲劳性能进行评价。试验结果表明：疲劳荷载作用下,试件疲劳裂纹开展路径均从焊趾处萌生、沿焊趾开展、最终垂直于焊趾沿板横向往两侧对称扩展。采用名义应力法时,试验结果均位于JSSC-G疲劳强度为50 MPa的S-N曲线上方;采用热点应力法时,试验结果均位于Eurocode 3规范疲劳强度为100 MPa的S-N曲线上方。建议本试验构件疲劳细节的角焊缝疲劳强度取名义应力50 MPa、热点应力100 MPa。     

往复荷载下钢管与螺栓球组配试件超低周疲劳断裂试验研究

为探索螺栓球网格结构强震下的破坏特征,对五个螺栓球节点管球组配试件进行了轴向往复荷载作用下的超低周疲劳断裂试验研究。通过电镜扫描观察试件超低周疲劳破坏的裂纹萌生、扩展、断裂、断口形态,并分析了裂纹萌生原因、断裂机理。结果表明:当承受拉-压循环荷载时,试件均经历失稳弯曲、在杆件中点附近局部凹陷、在凹陷处表面萌生裂纹、进一步开裂、最后发生低周疲劳断裂的过程;其断口形状为椭圆,有明显塑性变形,为韧性断裂,疲劳寿命均很短。当试件承受较大压幅值的循环荷载时,试件首先失稳弯曲,然后在杆件中点附近局部凹陷,继而在凹陷处表面萌生裂纹,但同时因节点中高强螺栓承受弯剪作用,在螺栓牙底应力集中位置,也多处同时萌生裂纹并迅速发展,最后导致高强螺栓先于杆件局部凹陷处发生疲劳断裂;其断口表面光滑平整,没有明显塑性变形,疲劳寿命只有18次。     

螺栓球网架节点高强螺栓的疲劳性能研究

螺栓球节点往往是网架结构疲劳破坏的薄弱环节.本文利用螺栓螺纹应力集中系数结合线弹性断裂力学对螺栓球节点的疲劳极限强度进行估算.在S-N曲线法基础上推导了螺栓球节点的疲劳寿命估算公式,该公式结合等寿命曲线综合考虑了应力幅和应力比的影响.将估算结果与国内已有的实验数据进行对比,结果表明该公式能够满足工程设计要求.在此基础上本文研究了初始裂纹长度对高强螺栓疲劳寿命的影响,并给出了影响规律.     

铝合金车轮弯曲疲劳寿命的仿真分析与试验研究

该文运用有限元分析软件ABAQUS,对某铝合金车轮旋转弯曲疲劳寿命进行了仿真分析,得出易于产生疲劳裂纹的应力集中点及其最大应力值。其次,采用疲劳寿命名义应力法建立了铝合金车轮的S-N曲线,计算应力集中点的应力幅与平均应力,将等效应力幅取对数代入S-N曲线,预测所分析铝合金车轮的疲劳寿命。最后,进行了改进前后铝合金车轮的旋转弯曲疲劳台架试验,验证了仿真结果。分析表明,名义应力法可以较好预测铝合金车轮的疲劳寿命。     

钢网架螺栓球节点用高强螺栓的缺口效应分析

在悬挂吊车作用下,螺栓球节点网架的疲劳主要表现为节点的疲劳,而节点的疲劳关键是高强螺栓的疲劳．在影响高强螺栓疲劳性能的众多因素中,应力集中是其发生疲劳断裂的主要原因之一．本文从缺口效应出发,分析了高强螺栓疲劳裂纹的开展．并建立有限元模型,针对钢网架螺栓球节点常用的8种高强螺栓规格进行了单缺口应力集中分析．得到相应的应力集中系数,同时分析了螺纹牙根圆角半径对应力集中的影响,并提出了降低螺纹疲劳缺口敏感性的一些措施,为进一步以热点应力幅建立螺栓球网架疲劳设计方法奠定了基础．     

空间结构销铰节点销轴常幅疲劳数值模拟

空间结构的受力关键是节点受力是否满足其强度或刚度要求。以空间结构销铰节点销轴常幅疲劳强度为研究对象,基于相似数值模型和nCode Designlife疲劳分析软件对节点进行5个因素共32个理论模型的疲劳仿真,得到其销轴应力-循环次数曲线(S-N curve)并建立其疲劳寿命理论估算公式。分析结果表明:销轴在对称循环加载作用下(应力比R=-1),其热点应力位于外侧内外耳板交界与销轴接触面处,且2×10~6循环次数对应名义允许应力幅为94.42 MPa;销轴常幅疲劳性能与节点销孔间隙、耳板厚度、耳板间距3个参数负相关,与销轴直径、销轴材质屈服强度2个参数正相关;销轴常幅疲劳性能影响因素敏感性的主次顺序为:销轴材质→销孔间隙→耳板间距→销轴直径→耳板厚度。     

螺栓球节点中高强度螺栓的超低周疲劳破坏特征

为研究大震下网格结构螺栓球节点的破坏特征及机理,设计了杆件与螺栓球节点组合试件,采用FCS电液伺服结构试验系统对试件进行低周往复加载试验,加载制度为不对成等幅加载,获得了不同幅值加载下试件中高强度螺栓的变形特征。通过对高强螺栓断口的宏、微观分析探讨螺栓球节点中高强度螺栓低周疲劳破坏特征及机理,获得以下结论：随着加载制度中位移幅值增大,螺栓球节点组合试件中高强度螺栓的疲劳寿命减小,断口的疲劳源增加,扩展区面积减小,瞬断区表面不平整性程度提高;在较低位移幅值的加载制度下,螺栓的起裂机理偏向脆性断裂,随着加载制度位移幅值增大高强度螺栓的起裂机理由脆性断裂向准解理断裂转变,螺栓断口的瞬断区呈现偏向韧性断裂的特征。     

M30高强螺栓假拧疲劳性能的试验研究

通过对7个M30高强螺栓假拧常幅疲劳性能的试验研究,得到了M30高强螺栓在假拧状况下的疲劳破坏形式;分析了螺栓杆的断口形态,并建立了相应的S-N疲劳曲线以及表达式。最后,与已有的M30高强螺栓全拧的常幅疲劳试验结果对比,得出M30高强螺栓在只拧入3个螺纹的情况下,疲劳强度较全拧高强螺栓的疲劳强度降低了75%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with