基于分水岭模型的光照不均匀图像分割

针对图像采集过程中存在光照不均的问题,首次利用分水岭模型将图像分割为不同的光照区域,再利用Sauvola算法自适应地获得局部的二值化阈值,从而达到了良好的分割效果.同时Sauvola算法使用积分图像计算出局部像素值的和与局部像素值平方和来加快算法的时间.实验结果表明:该算法能够在无人工干预的情况下克服光照的影响,并且图像分割时间复杂度大大减小.     

基于数学形态学的焊接熔池图像边缘提取技术研究

针对在数学形态学熔池图像边缘提取时二值化过程中边缘信息严重丢失的问题,提出一种改善方案:使用局部自适应方法进行二值化,然后通过中值滤波、建立连通区域并搜索填充得到最终二值化后的图像;选择合适形状和尺寸的结构元素,用4种数字形态学基本运算组合的边缘检测算子对二值化后的图像进行边缘检测。仿真结果表明,该方法可以很好地保留熔池边缘信息,并能提取出更加准确的焊接熔池图像边缘。     

一种新的棉花根系图像阈值分割方法

为了方便实现棉花原位根系的检测,提出了一种自动全局阈值分割方法,用于棉花根系图像分割.采用无损的数码设备成像法对棉花原位根系图像进行采集,使用自动全局阈值分割方法分割图像.该方法首先将采集到的原位根系图像进行空间转换,使采集到的图像在HSV空间下进行分割;然后,通过全局阈值分割的方法选择阈值将图像进行二值化处理,采用闭运算方法对二值图像进行初步降噪;最后,通过形状特征的筛选过滤图像中所有噪声,并筛选出图像中细长的根部特征.本算法可以有效抑制噪声和土壤杂质的影响,能够对根系进行准确地分割,是快速检测作物根系图像的有效办法.     

基于数据场和水平集演化的图像分割

为了充分挖掘图像内不同区域间的隐含关联性,并解决图像分割中自适应阈值选择问题,提出了一种基于数据场和水平集的图像分割方法。利用数据场能够有效地表示图像像素间的相互作用,根据势值能够得到对应的势值等势线,可以根据该等势线的分布情况,采用梯度下降法来得到图像的二值化分割结果。为了得到更为精确的分割边缘,还引入基于拉普拉斯边缘检测函数的水平集演化方法来对二值化结果进行边缘曲线演化。将二值化分割结果与传统的基于数据场的图像分割算法对比结果显示,所提出的算法在分割准确性上表现良好,并且能够使得图像边缘更加精确。实验结果表明,提出的方法能够较好地分割目标,且对噪声图像具有较强的鲁棒性。     

光照不均QR码图像二值化研究

Ostu算法因其具有算法实现简单等特点成为常用的一种图像二值化算法,但其对于不均匀光照下的QR码图像二值化处理效果不佳。针对Ostu算法这一缺点,提出一种解决方法：首先使用改进的同态滤波去除QR图像的不均匀光照的影响,然后采用Ostu算法对QR图像进行二值化。实验表明,使用该算法能有效克服不均匀光照的影响,二值化效果良好,条码识别率提高。     

基于空域滤波和空间相关的钢丝绳图像分割算法研究

在钢丝绳断丝实时检测中,由于复杂环境因素的影响和钢丝绳自身结构特点的原因,钢丝绳图像经常受不均匀光照、阴影、油泥、粉末等干扰,导致图像降质严重,给钢丝绳的分割带来困难.本文提出了一种有效、快速的分割算法:首先采用改进的空域同态滤波器对钢丝绳图像进行滤波,去除不均匀光照和削除阴影边缘,然后根据钢丝绳的几何对称性,结合边缘方向信息测度的差异和钢丝绳区域的局部特征统计,消除干扰,实现钢丝绳的分割.实验结果表明,该分割算法能够快速、完整地分割出钢丝绳图像.     

基于熵和变异度的织物疵点图像分割方法

针对现有织物疵点图像分割方法对光照不均匀敏感的问题,提出了一种基于局部熵和变异度的织物疵点图像分割方法。首先对织物图像进行局部熵和变异度计算,提取疵点的类边缘和区域信息;然后基于人工神经网络脉冲耦合（PCNN ）的区域生长法分割织物疵点图像。通过对T ILDA数据库中的疵点图像和基于线阵CCD在线检测的织物疵点图像进行测试,并与已有的相关方法进行对比实验和评价。结果表明,该方法不仅能有效地抑制光照不均匀和复杂背景干扰的影响,而且分割质量有了明显改进。     

基于神经网络的自适应图像分割

非均匀光照条件下的图像目标难以用阈值选取方法分割，本文使用神经网络建立自适应阈值曲面，以此作为图像分割的依据．自适应阈值曲面由图像中具有高Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ值的边缘拟合而成，拟合过程由神经网络实现．计算机摸拟证实了此设想的可行性以及相对阈值分割方法的优越性．     

铅浮选泡沫视频图像的物理校正及算法补偿

针对铅浮选视频采集图像光照不均、纹理丢失导致难以精确分割的问题,提出了一种用于优化视频图像的物理校正和算法补偿的方法。利用非成像光学理论构建均匀方形光斑自由曲面透镜,在此基础上,提出一种改进的方向波变换图像增强算法,再通过经典的谷底边缘检测算法对其进行分割。结果表明,该方法能有效提高浮选图像的信噪比和对比度,其分割精准度提高了25%。     

基于决策树的眼底图像渗出自动检测方法

自动视网膜图像渗出检测有助于糖尿病性视网膜病变的早期诊断,提出了彩色眼底图像视网膜渗出检测方法。该方法根据决策树理论,采用Messidor数据库,对视网膜图像进行分类,区分得到含渗出的病变图像和不含渗出的正常眼底图像。实验结果表明,针对不同光照下采集的眼底图像采用光照非均匀性的归一化处理,即使在光照变化的环境中,文中的方法仍然比眼科专家的人工判定表现出色,能很好地分割出渗出区域。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with