考虑润滑碰撞的精密轴承保持架动态特性

保持架作为轴承中的浮动组件,在套圈引导和滚动体撞击作用下随机运动,其动态特性直接影响精密轴承的服役性能。为了准确分析保持架的动态特性,考虑轴承保持架和滚动体之间真实润滑状态和碰撞过程建立了滚动体和保持架润滑碰撞模型及精确的保持架动力学模型,分析了轴承预紧力、径向载荷、内圈转速及引导-兜孔间隙比对精密轴承保持架动态特性的影响规律。实验结果表明,相比于传统的保持架兜孔-滚动体干摩擦模型,考虑润滑的保持架动态特性分析与实验现象更吻合。相同转速下,增大预紧力或径向载荷可以降低保持架打滑率,相比径向载荷,预紧力对保持架打滑的影响更大。保持架在低速和高速下呈现不同的打滑形式,低速下外载荷对保持架打滑影响不大;高速下外载荷对保持架打滑影响较大。相同预紧时保持架打滑率随轴承内圈转速增加而增加,中预紧时转速对保持架打滑影响最小。随着引导间隙-兜孔间隙比的增加,保持架打滑率降低。研究工作可为精密轴承保持架的设计提供一定的依据。     

柔性支承下风力机低速轴轴承疲劳寿命分析

随机风载荷和塔架的柔性支承容易使齿轮箱低速轴轴承受到复杂交变载荷,导致轴承疲劳损坏。为研究在柔性支承和变载荷下风力机齿轮箱低速轴轴承的疲劳寿命,文章建立柔性支承下风力机齿轮箱动力学模型,得出低速轴轴承动态载荷,并对轴承进行静力学分析。最后根据准静态学分析法,得到轴承应力谱,并基于Miner线性累积损伤法则对低速轴轴承的疲劳寿命进行估算。分析结果表明,滚动体与内圈接触区域的外侧倒角处接触应力最大,该最大接触应力结果与Hertz理论计算出的应力幅值结果较为一致;考虑塔架柔性支承下得到风力机低速轴轴承疲劳寿命小于其设计寿命,因此在风力机低速轴轴承设计时必须考虑塔架的柔性支承。     

柔性支承下风力机传动系统振动响应分析

针对风力机大型化发展,塔架的柔性支承特性对风力机齿轮传动系的非线性动力学问题,利用一维弹性连续体振动理论模拟塔架的振动响应,建立振动位移对时间和空间的动力学方式,求解得到大型风力机塔架在随机变载荷下的振动位移响应,全面综合考虑了齿面摩擦、齿轮时变啮合刚度及齿形综合误差等因素的影响,分析传递到齿轮箱系统动力学特性。分析结果表明塔架弹性支承对各齿轮系统各个方向的振动响应均有影响,其中各零件的轴向振动影响最大,振幅均值比刚性支承下的均值高19.5%~25.8%,这表明塔架的柔性支承对系统动力学分析及可靠性设计具有一定影响,为风力机齿轮箱的稳健性和结构优化设计奠定了基础。     

机械密封对转子轴承系统动力学性能的影响

采用集总质量模型和传递矩阵法建立了考虑机械密封影响的转子轴承系统动力学方程,并采用广义逆迭代法求解出上述线性方程组的特征值.在考察系统的响应时,采用Gauss消元法计算不平衡激励下系统的强迫振动响应.结合某典型的八字形螺旋槽式液体机械密封的动特性参数计算结果,给出了机械密封对高速转子轴承系统动力学行为的影响,并同时分析了结构参数对系统动力学性能的影响,以及在不平衡激励下考虑机械密封系统时转子轴承系统的强迫振动响应.结果表明,机械密封的存在对高速转子轴承系统动力学行为有一定的影响.例如,对于柔性转子系统,考虑机械密封系统时可使系统的一阶阻尼临界转速提高60%～80%.     

弹流润滑球轴承-转子系统非线性动力学分析

以球轴承为研究对象,求解滚动体与内外圈在弹流润滑状态下的刚度-阻尼.基于该动态刚度和阻尼建立动力学微分方程,采用数值方法得到转子系统在不同转速和径向游隙下的分岔图、相图、庞加莱图和轴心轨迹图等,分析轴承不同转速和游隙对轴承转子系统动态特性的影响.研究表明游隙和转速是影响系统非线性特性的重要因素,具有动态刚度和阻尼的滚动轴承转子系统显示出了更为复杂的动力学特性.     

深沟球轴承内圈及滚动体运动噪声的计算方法

以深沟球轴承为研究对象,建立了一种对内圈轴心轨迹以及每个滚动体中心运动轨迹计算的轴承数学模型,结合声学理论,将轴承内圈看作圆柱声源,将滚动体看作球声源,建立了能够对深沟球轴承内圈和滚动体振动噪声进行定量计算的计算模型。通过一个具体的算例,研究了转速和径向载荷对固定点上噪声大小的影响,以及噪声沿滚动轴承轴线方向的变化规律,绘制了这些影响的变化曲线。发现随着轴承转速的增大,轴承声压值会随之增大;随着轴承所受径向载荷的增大,轴承声压值会随之增大,其变化趋势由快到慢;轴承内圈和滚动体运动所产生的声压在轴承轴线方向上逐渐减小,呈非线性关系变化。     

大型水平轴风力机多体系统的动力学分析与仿生设计

采用ANSYS建立了1.5 MW直驱风力机多体系统的动力学模型,计算了系统的固有频率,对系统的共振性和稳定性进行了分析,并探讨了在极端运行阵风下风力机系统各部件的瞬态响应振动.分析结果表明:塔架为柔塔,在正常工作转速下风力机能够安全、稳定运转;由于各个部件刚度不同,使得叶片叶尖振动较其它部件复杂,叶尖的振动是受风栽作用...     

一般速度条件下球轴承工作特性分析

速度通过惯性力作用于轴承,对其内部工作特性影响很大.高速时滚动体与内外圈接触角不再相等,内圈接触角大于外圈接触角.接触载荷的变化情况与接触角变化不同,在一定的转速条件下,外圈接触载荷大于内圈接触载荷.由于内圈接触角随转速的增加而减小,导致轴承径向刚度随转速的增加而降低.转速越高,轴承的工作情况变化越大.     

滚动轴承外圈局部缺陷的有限元动力学分析

以滚动轴承为研究对象,应用ABAQUS/Explicit建立外圈表面线剥落缺陷轴承和无缺陷轴承的有限元动力学分析模型.考虑载荷、转速、接触及摩擦等影响因素,研究了轴承外圈表面存在线剥落缺陷和无缺陷时的动力学响应;分析了滚动体与外圈间的接触力变化、滚动体进入和退出缺陷时的等效应力情况,根据滚道与滚动体间接触力的变化情况描述了滚动体滚过缺陷的多事件情景.结果表明:对于外圈表面存在局部缺陷的轴承和无缺陷轴承,滚动体与外圈的接触力幅值相等;缺陷轴承在缺陷进入点和退出点处,等效应力大小相等,约为无缺陷轴承等效应力值的两倍.通过分析径向载荷和转速共同作用下内圈耦合点在竖直方向上位移的变化趋势,验证了仿真模型的有效性.     

基于显式动力学的发动机转子中介轴承的仿真分析

为研究复杂工况下中介轴承的动力学特性，针对外圈支承于低压转子轴颈，内圈支承于高压转子轴颈支承形式的中介轴承的工作特点，应用LS-DYNA建立了中介圆柱滚子轴承动力学模型，开展动力学仿真。该模型以显式算法为基础，在充分考虑中介轴承转速、旋转方向、负载、接触及摩擦的条件下，基于动力学仿真模型，分析了中介轴承应力水平随内外圈旋转方向、内外圈转速及径向外载荷变化的规律。分析结果表明：在内外圈反向旋转以及外圈转速增加的情况下中介轴承的振动更为平稳，而在径向外载荷增大的情况下，中介轴承的振动更加剧烈。仿真结果验证了模型的正确性，为中介轴承故障诊断提供了有益参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that