基于分布式压缩感知的宽带协作频谱感知

根据分布式压缩感知理论,提出一种宽带协作频谱感知的方式。该方式相比于以往的协作压缩频谱感知方式,认知用户传向融合中心的数据精简为压缩信号,各个压缩信号在融合中心进行融合重构,这样就减少传向融合中心的数据量,缓解融合中心的数据压力,并且可以提高信号重构的成功率。同时,根据压缩抽样匹配追踪算法,提出一种联合压缩抽样匹配追踪算法。该算法思想是通过加权融合测量样本、迭代重构原信号,以恢复共同的频谱支撑集,完成协作频谱感知。仿真结果表明:与经典的DCS-SOMP算法相比,本文算法性能更优,所需的滤波器数更少。     

一种基于压缩感知的非重构频谱检测新算法

提出了一种基于压缩感知的非重构频谱检测算法,将压缩感知处理得到的观测值直接用于主用户检测,解决了宽频主用户信号的检测问题.文中定量分析了检测性能,并通过认知用户的协作频谱检测对算法进行了改进.仿真结果表明,该算法在信噪比大于0 dB环境下具有良好的检测效果,协作检测法可作为低信噪比环境下算法的有效改善途径.此外,相比于基于重构的频谱检测算法,该算法大大降低了数据量和算法复杂度,显著缩短了检测时间.     

宽带认知无线电网络分布式协作压缩频谱感知算法

针对宽带认知无线电网络中压缩频谱感知算法在低信噪比环境下频谱检测性能下降的问题,提出了一种基于高斯过程的分布式压缩频谱感知(PBCS)算法.首先应用层次化的正态分布概率模型来表示压缩频谱的重构,然后各个认知无线电用户交换模型参数并结合本地的压缩采样数据进行压缩频谱感知.有别于其他直接融合频谱感知结果或检测数据的协作式算法,PBCS算法通过模型参数融合来进行协作,能有效减小信噪比低的协作用户的影响,从而提高算法的抗噪性.仿真结果表明,PBCS算法可以在-5dB的信噪比条件下达到检测概率大于0.9、误检概率为0.1的频谱检测性能.     

一种稀疏度自适应正交多匹配追踪重构算法

压缩感知理论是一种利用信号稀疏性或可压缩性对信号进行采样同时压缩的新颖的信号采样理论。针对稀疏度未知信号重构问题,提出了一种稀疏度自适应正交多匹配追踪重构算法。该算法在广义正交匹配算法(generalized orthogonal multi matching pursuit,GOMP)基础上结合稀疏自适应思想。根据相邻阶段信号能量差自适应调整当前步长大小选取支撑集的原子个数,先大步接近,后小步逼近信号真实稀疏度,从而实现对信号精确重构。实验仿真结果表明,该算法能有效精确重构信号。具有良好的重构性能和较高的重构效率。     

基于动态组稀疏重构的频谱感知算法

针对认知无线电网络中宽带频谱感知问题,提出了一种基于主用户信号频谱结构的频谱感知算法,简称为DGS-SS算法.该算法首先利用压缩感知理论对信号进行欠采样,然后利用主用户信号频谱的组稀疏结构修正重构过程中的频谱和残差支撑集,从而能够加快重构主用户信号频谱的收敛速度,而且也能够提高主用户信号频谱的重构精度,最后利用重构信号频谱给出频谱空穴的有效检测.仿真结果表明,所提算法不仅能在低压缩比下精确重建信号频谱,而且对噪声变化具有更强的鲁棒性,从而有效地提高了频谱感知性能.     

宽带压缩频谱感知非稀疏保护策略

针对频谱非稀疏情况下宽带压缩频谱感知性能下降的问题,提出一种基于信号重构模型参数分析的频谱非稀疏保护策略,该策略根据次用户接收到的相邻三帧信号之间的相关系数的大小动态判断宽带压缩频谱感知正确与否.首先建立基于高斯分层概率的宽带压缩信号模型对压缩重构进行分析,在此基础上综合考虑重构各帧信号模型参数的相关系数与频谱稀疏性之间的关系,设计一种认知用户能够根据信号模型参数相关系数的大小制定频谱稀疏与否的判决条件,进而制定保护措施.仿真结果表明:所提保护策略可以有效检测到由频谱非稀疏导致的宽带压缩频谱感知错误,降低对主用户的干扰概率.     

基于压缩感知的宽带频谱检测

压缩感知是近年来提出的一种针对稀疏信号处理的新方法,其核心是将压缩与采样同步进行,由于信号的投影测量数据量远小于传统方法的数据量,突破了香农采样定理瓶颈从而使得高分辨率信号采集成为可能。频谱感知技术是认知无线电中关键技术之一,它要求次用户在短时间内快速检测出主用户的频谱占用情况。利用认知无线电中频谱的稀疏性,将压缩感知技术用于宽带信号频谱检测,通过少量的压缩数据能够判断频谱是否空闲是一种有效解决这个问题的方法。文中首先建立宽带频谱压缩感知的模型,并提出一种多感知节点多尺度检测算法。该方法将频谱检测分为两个步骤,即粗检测和细检测。在第一步的宽带粗检测过程中,文中分别就高、低信噪比环境下做出讨论,提出了相应的去噪办法;在进一步子带细检测过程中,推导并论证了压缩感知非重构检测算法。仿真结果证实了文中算法的有效性与可行性。     

基于DCS的矿山物联网微震数据重构算法研究

煤矿物联网是近几年兴起的热点研究领域。针对煤矿物联网分布式环境下微震数据量大的问题,引入分布式压缩感知理论对微震数据进行压缩以减小数据传输量。以分布式微震信号为对象,通过傅里叶变换基对其进行稀疏性分析,论证了可以用压缩感知相关理论对微震数据进行压缩处理。基于广义正交匹配追踪算法及稀疏度自适应匹配追踪算法,提出了一种改进的分布式稀疏度自适应正交匹配追踪重构算法。基于MATLAB仿真平台,用改进的算法重构稀疏测量后的分布式微震信号,仿真结果表明,该算法在减少计算量的前提下有效地恢复了原始微震信号。     

基于多任务贝叶斯压缩感知的宽带频谱检测

针对认知无线网络中主用户信号在空频域的稀疏性,基于贝叶斯压缩感知(BCS)的信号重构通过层次化贝叶斯分析分级先验模型获得稀疏信号估计.将贝叶斯压缩感知应用于认知无线电宽带压缩频谱检测,利用多认知用户感知信号的时空相关性实现在多用户多任务传输条件下的稀疏信号重构与宽带压缩频谱检测.研究了基于期望最大化算法和相关向量机模型的多任务BCS参数估计.仿真结果表明:相比于传统单任务BCS重构方法,多任务BCS在节点能耗与网络带宽受限的条件下,通过对估计参数的合理优化,在较低压缩比区域可实现重构均方误差的快速收敛,且检测性能随着任务数的增加而提高.当感知数据相关性从25%增加到75%,且任务数一定时,所提方法的重构观测数明显下降,宽带频谱检测性能显著提高.     

改进的压缩感知重构方法

为了在稀疏度未知的情况下重构信号,并且解决SAMP框架下的步长选择难题,提出一种新的稀疏度估计方式,以及一种新的压缩感知重构算法——步长自适应匹配追踪算法。该算法通过新的方式估计稀疏度,采用估计出的稀疏度作为初始步长,重构信号间能量差作为改变步长的方法,使得信号能在稀疏度未知的条件下,自适应的重构信号。实验结果表明,本算法能够较好地重构信号,保证重构质量的同时提高重构速度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.