基于库存成本的连锁零售企业配送网络设计

研究了需求不确定的连锁零售企业配送网络设计及其库存决策的联合优化问题. 以门店和配送中心服务水平为约束条件,详细分析连锁企业内部的二级库存成本,并综合考虑运输成本和配送中心选址成本,建立配送系统年总成本优化模型.以系统总成本最小为目标,运用遗传算法求解该优化模型,在得到最优配送网络方案的同时,确定系统安全库存因子及门店的订货周期.通过算例仿真验证模型和算法的有效性,并分析需求、运输距离和选址成本等因素对系统总成本的影响,为连锁零售企业的物流配送网络设计及库存控制提供决策支持.     

模糊需求环境下考虑碳排放成本的库存管理

在模糊需求下建立了包含碳排放单价不变和可变的最优订货批量模型,根据库存成本控制模型求解最佳订货点和最优订购批量,使得库存成本最小。算例结果表明,在碳排放单价随着碳排放量发生变化时,库存成本会不断上升。因此企业更需要重视碳排放量给企业库存成本带来的影响。     

基于(s,S)库存策略的分销系统最优分配问题

分销系统的运营成本不仅与所采取的库存控制策略有关,也与配送中心在货源不足时的分配策略有关。该文讨论单品种、单配送中心多销售点、周期观察、随机需求的两级分销系统。配送中心及各销售点都采用(s,S)库存控制策略,顾客对销售点的需求过程服从Po isson过程。在给定配送中心向销售点分配策略的情况下,系统的状态转移形成一个离散时间的M arkov链,因此系统的最优分配策略问题是一个M arkov决策问题。采用策略迭代或值迭代的办法,可以求解系统的最优库存分配策略。数值算例表明,采用最优库存分配策略能显著降低系统的成本。     

延迟支付具有固定订货成本多期随机库存模型

延迟支付条件下的库存管理问题得到广泛关注和研究,但大多数文献基于需求确定性的经济订货批量模型。该文建立延迟支付条件下有固定订货成本的多期随机需求周期性盘点库存管理模型。供应商提供的延迟支付合同允许零售商在订货期支付部分订货成本,在延迟支付期后支付剩余订货成本。该文证明了存在最优的(s,S)库存策略,并用数值算例考察了延迟支付条件下零售商的库存策略和成本改进情况。结果表明,采用延迟支付合同后,保证供应商的成本不增加的同时,零售商的成本平均下降了2.08%。     

随机提前期下考虑动态紧急订货的库存模型

针对库存管理中面临的随机提前期和需求不确定的情况,探讨了企业利用紧急订货方法进行库存的决策管理.以经典(Q,R)模型为基础,利用常规订单执行过程中的实际信息建立库存模型.通过比较不同选择下的周期期望成本,给出了最优紧急订货点和订货量的计算公式.数值算例结果表明,该模型能够节省大量成本,并验证了最优解的合理性以及紧急订货成本的影响.     

指定备选点的配送中心选址-库存模型

为解决物流网络节点备选点受法律、法规及地质等条件限制问题,在可变建设成本LMRP模型研究基础上,从优化角度将模型扩展为指定备选点的LMRPVCC选址-库存问题。结合粒子群算法的特点,设计了指定备选点的可变建设成本配送中心选址-库存模型的初始粒子,并通过连锁零售企业HX公司配送中心进行实证研究。结果表明：配送中心建设成本、下游运输成本、配送中心运营成本和安全库存成本各占总成本的26%、42%、31%、1%。与Daskin文中得出的成本比例图相比,建设成本增长了4%,下游运输成本提高1%,配送中心运营成本降低了5%。     

超市配送中心订货策略优化研究

库存管理是超市配送中心管理中的核心问题，而传统的库存计算是通过存储论模型来解决的．这种方法对历史数据依赖性强且孤立决策．系统动力学是研究复杂系统的重要理论与方法，可以有效地解决配送中心库存的确定与控制问题．但系统动力学的政策优化问题还是沿用“试凑法”，一直没能得到很好的解决．现从系统动力学原理出发，形成对系统动力学模型政策优化的一般描述，进而将系统动力学和遗传算法相结合，探讨超市配送中心系统的最优库存和最优订货策略问题．     

考虑紧急订货的供应链库存采购控制研究

库存是企业流动资金的一个重要项目，一般占流动资金总额的50％以上．库存控制的研究一般只考虑正常订货的情况，但实际上紧急订货经常出现，供应链库存控制策略制定时，下游厂商考虑到正常订货与紧急订货，可以减少缺货损失，降低成本．在分析了考虑紧急订货的供应链库存控制成本的基础上，提出了关于最优策略的数量模型，并给出了求取最优解的方法。     

反向物流库存模型控制策略

为了研究带回收物流的库存问题,建立了一个两级最优库存策略模型、一个回收源、一个订货补充点,包括固定单位订货成本、固定维修成本、库存成本和缺货成本的反向物流库存模型;在不考虑Leadtime的情况下,首先对单周期决策问题进行了分析,得出了两级最优库存策略的求法;对于固定维修成本很小可以不计的情况,证明了(Sy)(sm,Sm)两级策略的最优性,分析了有限多周期的库存策略;最后,给出了无限周期的近似策略并进行了数值实验分析.     

联合库存的系统动力学模型研究

利用定点订货和准时采购策略与系统动力学建模思想,考虑生产、运输各个环节,建立了供需联合库存建立系统动力学动态模型。从生产时间、长鞭效应、订货三个方面分析了模型,结果表明:联合库存削弱了牛鞭效应带来的信息失真;生产时间与运输时间的缩短可以有效降低库存成本且进一步削弱了牛鞭效应;订货中,收获、订货周期长短与配送中心库存量没有关联,只影响订货量的大小,即周期越长则订货量越大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with