带荧光基团蒽和芘的杯芳烃衍生物合成进展

杯芳烃带上荧光基团蒽和芘后,可利用荧光发射光谱及荧光强度的不同改变,对碱金属离子、胍离子、伯胺分子及羧酸衍生物加以识别,荧光型杯芳烃作为一类能发出荧光的物质常被用作荧光探针,荧光型杯芳烃的合成颇具价值．本文综述了带荧光基团蒽和芘的单酚型和间苯二酚型杯芳烃衍生物的合成进展．     

杯[4[芳烃环氧丙醚的合成

以杯「４」芳烃和环氧氯丙烷反应，合成杯「４」芳烃环氧丙醚：２５，２７－二（２‘，３’－环氧丙氧基）－２６，２８－二羟基杯「４」芳烃，并通过＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ，ＩＲ以及元素分析对其结构进行表征。     

基于含蒽荧光共聚物膜的四环素荧光光纤传感器

甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸丁酯与荧光单体甲基丙烯酸［９蒽］甲基酯共聚得一种含蒽荧光共聚物（ＰＡＭＢ）．基于四环素对ＰＡＭＢ膜荧光的可逆猝灭，研制了一种新的四环素荧光光纤传感器．传感器具有好的可逆性，重现性及选择性，在３０ｓ内对四环素的线性响应为２．０２×１０－７～２．０２×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．由于蒽被共价键合在ＰＡＭＢ上，传感器显示出好的长期稳定性．该传感器已被用于四环素药片和尿中四环素的直接测定．     

热透镜检测多环芳烃蒽过程中的荧光去除研究

讨论了热透镜技术对紫外光作用下能产生荧光的物质多环芳烃蒽的检测，以蒽的苯－乙醇（1：4）溶液为研究体系，选用CH3I作为荧光淬灭剂，得出了淬灭后热透镜信号与蒽的浓度值之间良好的线性关系，论证了热透镜技术对蒽的浓度测定的可行性。从理论上计算了使用淬灭剂淬灭光的方法所增加的热透镜信号比例，它与体系的荧光量子产额有重要联系，研究中还得到一种测量荧光量子产额的简便方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定液化煤中的多环芳烃

采用高效液相色谱法，运用紫外光谱和荧光光谱，分离分析出煤液化产品中的多环芳烃化合物４９种，其中分析鉴定了３４种化合物，并对具有代表性的萘、菲、蒽、荧蒽、联苯、芘等１２种多环芳烃化合物进行了定量分析。     

杯[8]芳烃的红外光谱和拉曼光谱研究

研究了对－叔丁基杯〔８〕芳烃（ｐ－ｔｅｒｔ－ｂｕｔｙｌｃａｌｉｘ〔８〕ａｒｅｎｅ）的红外和拉曼光谱，并与杯〔４〕芳烃的红外和拉曼光谱进行了比较，杯〔８〕芳烃与杯〔４〕芳烃都于同一类寡聚物，其红外和拉曼光谱虽有某些相似但彼此之间存在明显的差异。     

杯[4]芳烃聚硅氧烷分子识别热力学特性研究

将侧链型乙酰异丙胺基取代杯[4]芳烃聚硅氧烷（PSO－C[4]A)、侧链型二丁氧基杯[4]芳烃聚硅氧烷（PSO－C[4]B)及主链型乙酰异丙胺基取代杯[4]芳烃聚硅烷（M－C[4]A-PSO)用作毛细管气相色谱固定液，通过测定一些芳香族位置异构体在3种固定液上的热力学参数ΔH、ΔS、ΔC，探讨了它们对异构体分子识别的特性和保留机理，结果显示侧链型杯[4]芳烃的－ΔC值大于主链型杯[4]芳烃，极性乙酰异丙胺基取代杯[2]芳烃的－ΔH及－ΔS均大于非极性丁基取代杯[4]芳烃，表明其与溶质作用力强。     

对—步丁基—杯[8]芳烃对C60的分子识别

通过甲苯溶液中对－步丁基－杯［８］芳与烃与Ｃ６０的反应，合成了它们的１：１络合物，产物经红外光谱，元素分析，Ｘ－射线粉末衍射确证，还采用固体＾１３Ｃ核磁共振技术研究究对－步丁基－杯［８］芳烃对Ｃ６０的分子识别，＾１３Ｃ魔角固体核磁共振谱清楚地揭示出Ｃ６０被包结在杯芳烃的疏水空腔中，＾１３Ｃ核磁共振静态谱表明被包在空腔中的Ｃ６０分子于室温时仍在快速旋转，这说明Ｃ６０分子与对－步丁基－杯［８］芳烃之间     

蒽体系荧光质的合成方法研究

采用新的合成路线制备了蒽体学荧光质－９．１０－二苯甲基蒽和９．１０－二苯乙基蒽，并对温度和溶剂的影响作了探讨，获得了较好的结果。     

对[(对叔丁基苯基)-偶氮基]杯[4]芳烃的合成

以杯[4]芳烃和对叔丁基苯胺为原料,经重氮化-偶合反应,合成了对[(对叔丁基苯基)-偶氮基]杯[4]芳烃,通过IR,~1HNMR对其结构进行了表征,并对其性质进行了初步研究.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-