改进的TAN构造算法及其文本分类

朴素贝叶斯分类器是当前流行的一种文本分类算法，但是它的属性独立性假设使其无法表达文本词语之间的依赖关系，TAN(Tree Augmented NaIeve Bayes)在许多情况下优于朴素贝叶斯分类器。然而，由于学习TAN所需的空间是数据属性个数的二次项级，限制了TAN对高维数据(如：文本数据)的分类，本文介绍了TAN模型及其一般的构造算法，提出一种新的TAN构造算法ITAN，该算法的空间复杂度是数据属性个数的线性级，最后将该算法用于文本分类，实验比较了朴素贝叶斯分类器和TAN分类器，实验结果表明：该方法具有较好的分类性能。     

四种贝叶斯分类器及其比较

首先介绍了贝叶斯网络及贝叶斯网络分类器,并对四种典型贝叶斯分类器的特点进行了介绍与分析.在总结各种贝叶斯分类器特点的基础上,通过选取的UCI数据库中的10个数据集对其分类效果进行了实验比较,并根据实验结果讨论各自的特点,从而得出针对具有不同特点数据集选取适当分类器的方法.     

三种文本分类算法的比较

介绍了一种基于贝叶斯定理的文本分类模型“树桩网络（stump network）”。将该方法与朴素贝叶斯文本分类器和TAN（tree augmented naive bayes）文本分类器进行实验比较。结果表明,在大多数数据集上该文本分类方法具有较好的分类正确率。     

最大相关最小冗余限定性贝叶斯网络分类器学习算法

朴素贝叶斯分类器 (naive bayes) 是一种简单而有效的基于贝叶斯思想的分类方法,但它的属性条件独立性假设并不符合实际,影响了它的分类性能。BAN (bayesian network augmented naive bayes) 分类器扩展了朴素贝叶斯分类器,使其表示属性之间依赖关系的能力增强,但是其学习算法需要大量的高维计算,在小采样数据集上,影响BAN分类器的分类性能。基于改进的最大相关最小冗余特征选择技术,提出限定性贝叶斯网络分类器学习算法 (k-BAN)。本算法使用改进的最大相关最小冗余特征选择技术,通过选择属性结点的连接关系集合建立属性之间的依赖性关系。将该分类方法与NB,TAN和BAN分类器进行实验比较。实验结果表明,在小采样数据集上,本算法获得的限定性贝叶斯网络分类器具有更高的分类准确性。     

基于属性相关性分析的扩展朴素贝叶斯分类器

朴素贝叶斯分类作为一种统计分类的方法,简单高效,但它是建立在属性独立性假设的基础上,有一定的局限性,影响了它的分类效果.x2统计是一种度量属性相关性的方法,通过属性相关的分析,可以对属性进行约简,去除冗余和无关属性,达到简化朴素贝叶斯分类器的目的.朴素贝叶斯分类器的扩展方法是在非类父子结点之间添加扩展弧,表示相关属性间的依赖关系,从而扩展朴素贝叶斯分类器的结构.在数据集上的实验结果显示,KEANBC分类器优于NBC分类器,提高了分类正确率.     

一种基于TAN的文本分类方法

提出了一种基于TAN模型的文本分类方法，朴素贝叶斯分类器是当前流行的一种文本分类算法，但是它的属性独立性假设使其无法表达文本词语之间的依赖关系，TAN（Tree Augmented Naive Bayes）是综合了朴素贝叶斯的简易性以及贝叶斯网表示依赖关系的能力，其分类性能可与当前流行的一些分类器相竞争，介绍了TAN模型，将其引入到文本分类中，并用实验比较了朴素贝叶斯和TAN，实验结果表明：该方法具有较好的分类性能。     

基于选择性的贝叶斯分类器集成方法

提出一种基于选择性的贝叶斯分类器集成方法．该方法为避免数据预处理时的属性约简对分类效果的直接影响，在训练集上通过随机属性选取生成若干属性子集，并以这些子集训练不同的贝叶斯分类器，进而采用遗传算法优选贝叶斯分类器集成，其适应度函数综合了分类器的精度和差异度两项指标．实验中，将该方法与已有方法在UCI的标准数据集上进行了性能比较，并将该方法用于C^3I系统中的威胁度估计。     

完全贝叶斯分类器在经济数据分类中的应用

针对贝叶斯分类器分类强关联属性导致分类准确率下降的问题,提一种完全贝叶斯分类器合理利用属性间的依赖关系优化贝叶斯分类器,对参数进行动态调整组合,同时合理剔除无关属性.采用国内外知名数据库提供的数据,通过与其他分类器的对比实验,证明了完全贝叶斯分类器在宏观与微观经济数据分类中都获得了较好的分类效果.     

基于尾项加权的自适应文本分类方法研究

基于朴素贝叶斯分类框架,通过添加尾项值对部分严重扭曲的分类结果进行调整,达到提升分类器性能的目的.方法通过增量式自适应学习分类模式,根据历史结果,判断分类器分类质量,进而确定尾项添加区间,对明显产生分类扭曲的区间结果自适应添加尾项补偿,调整分类结果.在Trec05,Trec06,Trec07,Ceas08数据集上的对比实验表明,改进算法在accuracy,Macro F1两个指标上均比朴素贝叶斯分类器和bagging朴素贝叶斯分类器显著提高,且方法简单易行.     

基于贝叶斯增量分类的邮件过滤研究

随着internet的快速发展,垃圾邮件泛滥成灾.面对垃圾邮件日益严重的现状,提出了贝叶斯邮件过滤模型并讨论了贝叶斯分类方法在垃圾邮件过滤中的应用.针对难以获得大量有类别标签的邮件训练集问题,利用贝叶斯具有增量学习特征,分析并提出了基于小规模训练集的贝叶斯增量邮件过滤方法,通过最小化当前邮件分类器的分类损失,来选择有利于提高分类器性能的邮件加入训练集.实验结果表明,该方法是切实可行的并具有良好的效果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-