聚合物锂离子电池负极电化学性能研究

制备了聚合物锂离子电池用负极 ,对其首次充放电效率、比容量、不同放电倍率下放电性能进行了测试 .首次充放电容量分别为 340 m A· h·g- 1和 310 m A·h· g- l,库仑效率可达 91% .以锂锰氧为正极组装了聚合物锂离子电池 ,通过测试表明制备的聚合物锂离子电池具有较好的循环性和大电流放电能力 .所制负极可应用于聚合物锂离子电池中 .     

锂离子动力蓄电池充放电基本性能的研究

为了考察锂离子动力蓄电池应用于电动汽车的可行性 ,本文以MCMB和LiCoO2 为正负极材料 ,自行设计组装了 5A·h、2 5A·h和 50A·h的方形层叠式锂离子动力蓄电池 ,用恒电流限电压充放电方法研究了其在不同电流下的放电行为和荷电保持能力 .研究结果表明 :以0 .2C倍率、10 0 %DOD放电时 50A·h电池的质量比能量和能量密度可分别达到 10 7.4W·h/kg和 185.1W·h/L ,已经超过了美国电池先进联合体 (USABC)规定的动力蓄电池的中期开发目标。 5Ah电池的 1C倍率放电容量可保持 0 .1C倍率放电容量的 79.35% .电池的荷电保持性能良好 ,日平均自放电率小于 0 .32 4 % /d ,开路电压月下降只有 0 .1V左右     

高性能锂离子电池负极材料一氧化锰/石墨烯复合材料的合成

通过冻干-煅烧合成了一氧化锰/石墨烯(MnO/rGO)复合材料,并将其用作锂离子电池负极材料.在500 mA·g-1的电流密度下,MnO/rGO复合材料表现出高达830 mAh·g-1的可逆容量,且在充放电循环160圈后,其可逆容量依然高达805 mAh·g-1.倍率测试结果显示,循环225圈后,在2.0 A·g-1的电流密度下,其可逆容量高达412 mAh·g-1.复合材料中的石墨烯在提高材料导电性的同时有效地缓解了一氧化锰充放电过程中的体积膨胀.通过对比容量-电压的微分分析,发现复合材料超出一氧化锰理论容量的部分是由形成了更高价态的锰引起的.MnO/rGO复合材料比纯一氧化锰(p-MnO)更容易出现高价态的锰,可能是因为rGO上残留的氧为电极反应提供了额外所需的氧源.该一氧化锰/石墨烯复合材料因其简单绿色的合成过程及优异的电化学性质,有望在未来的锂电负极中得到广泛的实际应用.     

3V锂离子电池用层状仅α-Na0.67MnO2.26的电化学性能

以Mn（CH3COO）2·4H2O和Na2CO3为原料,通过sol-gel技术合成前驱体,在600℃焙烧前驱体得到一种新的无水层状α-Na0.67MnO2.26材料。用等离子体光谱、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、恒流充放电和循环伏安（CV）等对产物的结构、组成、形貌及电化学性能进行研究。结果表明：得到的样品为稳定的六方层状P2结构,且颗粒细小;该样品在充放电电流密度为25mA／g和电压为2．0～4．3V时,首次充电比容量为188mA·h／g,第2次放电比容量为176mA·h／g,充放电库仑效率高达94％;在电压为2.0～4.3V,电流密度为25,50,125和250mA／g充放电条件下,其第2次放电比容量分别为176,168,139和110mA·h／g,40次循环后,其放电比容量分别为150,142,121和105mA·h／g,显示材料有较好的循环稳定性和大电流充放电性能。     

金属有机骨架材料ZnCo_2O_4/ZnO中空纳米盒的制备及其电化学性能

石墨是锂离子电池商用的负极材料,但其较低的比容量(372.0 m A·h/g)难以满足不断增长的高容量需求.因此,设计和制备高性能负极材料是提升锂离子电池能量密度及性能的关键因素之一.首先以金属有机框架ZIF-8为模板构建出ZIF-8@ZIF-67核壳复合结构,后经简单煅烧处理制备中空ZnCo_2O_4/ZnO复合纳米材料,并通过XRD, SEM, TEM以及恒流充放电等对其结构、形貌及电化学性能进行研究.结果表明:中空ZnCo_2O_4/ZnO复合纳米材料作为锂离子电池负极材料时表现出良好的电化学性能,初次放电容量达到1 536.8 m A·h/g;以100 m A/g电流密度充放电100次后,比容量稳定在780 m Ah/g,显示出优良的电化学储能特性.     

膨胀石墨对锂硫电池性能的影响

以热膨胀法制备的膨胀石墨为载硫体,通过熔融法制备出不同含硫量的硫/膨胀石墨复合材料.采用X射线衍射、热重测试、恒流充放电测试、循环伏安法、电化学阻抗谱等多种方法分析了膨胀石墨对锂硫电池电化学性能的影响规律.结果表明:当硫、膨胀石墨质量比为7∶3时,电池具有较高的比容量和较好的循环稳定性,0. 1C首次放电比容量为936 m Ah/g,较纯硫提高了324 m Ah/g;不同倍率下循环50圈以后可逆容量为509m Ah/g,容量保持率为55. 2%,1C倍率下循环100圈后容量保持率为78. 9%,库仑效率接近100%;循环过程中电化学活性最高、极化最小,界面行为良好.     

ZnO包覆LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4正极材料的制备及其电化学性能

通过共沉淀法合成了锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4,并使用Zn O对其表面进行包覆改性。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、激光拉曼光谱(Raman)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、电化学阻抗图谱(EIS)、恒流充放电循环测试分析技术对所得材料进行测试与表征。结果表明:包覆未改变基体结构并且适量的ZnO包覆可以提高LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4的电化学性能。当包覆量为1. 5%时,材料的电化学性能提升最为明显,室温0. 1C倍率和1C倍率下首次放电比容量分别为133. 15,132. 66 m Ah/g,充放电循环100次后容量保持率分别为96. 1%,90. 1%;在55℃高温1C倍率下首次放电比容量为126. 96 m Ah/g,充放电循环100次后容量保持率仍能达到77. 2%,而未包覆的LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4在相同条件下容量保持率仅为42. 9%。     

物理化学综合实验设计——纳米MnO_2作为超级电容器电极材料的研究

探索了将纳米 Mn O2 电极的电容性质研究作为物理化学综合实验的可行性 .循环伏安和恒电流充放电实验表明 ,纳米 Mn O2 电极具有较为优良的电容性质 ,用 10 m A和 5 0 m A恒流充放电时 ,Mn O2 电极的比电容分别为2 0 3.6 F/ g和 15 0 F/ g;分别连续充放 5 0周和 2 0 0周后 ,容量保持率仍分别为最初的 91.2 %和 90 .5 % .     

醋酸盐体系无焰燃烧合成LiMn_2O_4及性能研究

以醋酸锂和醋酸锰为原料,浓硝酸为辅助氧化剂,在温度600℃、时间3 h下采用无焰燃烧合成尖晶石型Li Mn2O4锂离子电池正极材料,研究了不同浓度硝酸对制备尖晶石型Li Mn2O4的影响.通过XRD和SEM分别研究了产物的物相组成及微观形貌;通过电性能测试研究了产物的比容量变化.实验结果表明,当n(Li)∶n(Mn)=1∶2(mol/mol)时,可得到Li Mn2O4单相,硝酸浓度对燃烧产物颗粒影响也较大;硝酸浓度为15 mol/L时产物初始放电比容量为112.1 m Ah/g,40次充放电循环后,放电比容量为99.0 m Ah/g,容量保持率为88.3%,具有较好的容量及存储性能.     

锂二次电池正极材料FeVO4的水热法制备及电化学性能

以偏钒酸铵和硝酸铁为原料,通过水热法制备前驱体,然后分别在300℃和550℃热处理,成功制备出微米棒状钒酸铁材料.采用热分析(TG-DTA)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、粒度分析和扫描电镜(SEM)对其结构进行了表征,同时对材料进行了恒流充放电循环电化学性能测试.结果显示,钒酸铁材料具有微米棒状结构,长度约为1~2μm,粒径主要集中在0.6~0.8μm.300℃热处理样品在50mA/g放电电流密度下其首次放电比容量为228mAh/g,40周循环后比容量保持在130mAh/g.通过XPS分析了脱/嵌锂过程的机理,结果显示该材料充放电过程中同时发生了Fe和V的氧化还原反应,共同提供嵌锂容量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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