静电纺丝法制备ZrOCl2/PVA复合纳米纤维

用静电纺丝法制备了ZrOCl2/PVA（氯氧化锆/聚乙烯醇）复合纳米纤维,并研究了静电纺丝的一些参数如：喷头直径、直流交压对复合纳米纤维的影响。实验发现：随着喷头孔径的增大,得到的复合纳米纤维的直径和直径分布范围分别变大;随着电压的增加,复合纳米纤维的珠串结构减少,甚至消失。另外,用水槽收集法收集的复合纳米纤维在液体上靠相互间的作用力形成了柔软的网状结构。     

静电纺丝法制备组织工程纳/微米纤维支架

静电纺丝是一种简便易行的新型组织工程多孔支架制备方法,电纺支架具有独特的微观结构和适当的力学性能.由于具有与天然细胞外基质相近的纳米级结构,电纺支架能够仿生细胞外基质的结构特点,使之有望成为理想的组织工程支架.文中介绍了静电纺丝和同轴静电纺丝的基本原理和发展过程、电纺支架的加工方法和结构特点以及电纺纤维的定向收集技术,阐述了各种天然和合成聚合物纳/微米电纺支架在软骨、骨、血管、心脏、神经等组织工程领域的应用,并展望其应用前景.     

静电纺丝法制备YAG-ZrO2复合纳米纤维

运用静电纺丝技术结合热处理工艺成功制备了形貌光滑、尺寸均匀的YAG-ZrO₂复合纳米纤维.采用XRD、FT-IR和SEM探索了电压与浓度对复合纤维物相及形貌的影响.结果表明:电压为25 kV、PVA质量分数为11%时得到表面光滑、尺寸均一的复合纤维前躯体.前驱体纤维经过1 200 ℃煅烧5 h后,具有较高的结晶度,直径约为500 nm且比较均匀.为了使YAG-ZrO₂纤维增强的复合材料具有自检性,研究了YAG-ZrO₂纤维的发光性能,发现用290 nm紫外光激发YAG-ZrO₂:Tb³⁺复合纳米纤维,在581 nm处出现明显的发射峰,并发出绿光,这一现象属于Tb³⁺的⁴D₄→⁷F₄跃迁.应力-发光实验结果表明,YAG-ZrO₂:Tb³⁺纤维可以实现对铝基复合材料应力-应变的检测.     

反应静电纺丝法制备超细三聚氰胺纤维

采用反应静电纺丝法制备了三聚氰胺超细纤维电纺膜.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了纺丝过程中溶液黏度、纺丝电压、接收距离和电导率4个参数对超细纤维的形貌及平均直径的影响,并采用热重分析(TG)研究了电纺膜的耐热性能.结果表明,纤维平均直径d与溶液黏度η、纺丝电压V分别符合关系式d∝η0.33和d∝ V-0.25,纤维平均直径随接收距离增加先减小后增加,电导率的增加使纤维平均直径下降.当PVA质量百分数为8%、纺丝电压为18kV、固化距离为12.5cm、NaCl质量百分数为0.1%时可以纺制出表面光滑、平均直径为400-600nm、耐热性能良好的超细三聚氰胺纤维电纺膜.     

静电纺丝制备二氧化硅纳米纤维

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法制备硅溶胶,研究了体系中水、盐酸的含量对其电纺性能的影响.用电纺法制备出表面光滑、尺寸均匀,直径500~600 nm的二氧化硅(SiO2)纳米纤维.由静电纺丝得到的SiO2纳米纤维经室温下干燥和800℃高温煅烧后,分别用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、红外光谱法(FTIR)、热重分析法(TG)对其进行了表征和分析.     

静电纺丝法制备金属氧化物纳米纤维的研究

在高度集成化浪潮的推动下,现代技术对纳米尺度功能器件的需求将越来越迫切.纳米线/管等一维材料作为纳米器件中必不可少的功能组件,在纳米研究领域中的地位显得愈发重要.静电纺丝法是一种能够连续生产直径在纳米级的高聚物纤维的方法.本文主要介绍利用静电纺丝方法制备金属氧化物纳米纤维的研究进展,并展望了其可能的应用.     

静电纺丝制备太阳光活性空心Ce/ZnO复合纳米纤维

以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为铈源、Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O为锌源、聚丙烯腈为载体,运用静电纺丝技术结合高温焙烧制备了Ce掺杂的ZnO(Ce/ZnO)纳米催化剂.采用扫描电镜、热重分析仪、X-射线衍射对制得的复合纳米材料的结构进行分析,并对其光催化降解孔雀石绿的性能进行研究.研究结果表明:在制得的催化剂样品中C...     

聚乳酸/二氧化硅静电纺丝复合纤维膜的制备与表征

为提高聚乳酸（PLA）静电纺丝纤维膜的热性能及机械性能,以PLA为基体,正硅酸乙酯为SiO₂前驱体,通过溶胶-凝胶法和静电纺丝工艺制备PLA/SiO₂复合纤维膜。研究表明：通过静电纺丝,SiO₂被成功引入PLA基体制备成纤维膜,其中PLA呈非晶态,且SiO₂增大了PLA的分子间距;SiO₂的引入可以显著提高800 ℃时的残余量;SiO₂可以提高复合纤维膜的断裂强度和断裂伸长率,且当（SiO₂）为1 %时,断裂强度和断裂伸长率分别提高至2.82 MPa和42.2 %;静电纺丝纤维膜内的纤维无序排列,粗细不均匀,SiO₂引入后,PLA的孔洞更加明显、致密。总之,SiO₂引入PLA基体后,复合纤维膜在800 ℃的残余率显著提高,断裂强度及断裂伸长率改善,且形成致密的孔洞结构。     

静电纺丝法制备聚吡咙纳米纤维

本文通过溶液墙聚法合成聚吡咙前躯体溶液,利用高压静电纺丝法将聚吡咙前躯体制成纳米纤维,最后加热环化得到聚吡咙纳米纤维。采用SEM．FT—IR手段对聚吡咙纳米纤维进行了表征,详细研究了溶液浓度,电压等对聚吡咙前躯体纳米纤维形貌的影响,得到了制备聚吡咙纳米纤维的最佳实验条件。试验结果表明,浓度和电压是影响聚吡咙前躯体纳米纤维形成的关键因素。     

静电纺丝法制备图案化微纳米纤维薄膜

使用几种网孔结构的导电模板和绝缘模板作为静电纺丝收集装置,制备了图案化的微纳米纤维薄膜,并对其微观形貌进行了表征,对图案化形成机理进行了分析。结果表明,电纺纤维总是趋于沿电场线的方向运动,当导电网孔模板作为收集装置时,电纺纤维向导电格子聚集形成图案化纤维薄膜;当绝缘网孔模板作为收集装置时,电纺纤维避开绝缘模板格子,向模板孔洞聚集形成图案化薄膜。     

蚕丝蛋白仿生多肽RAGA16的纳米结构与性能研究

利用天然蛋白质氨基酸序列设计生物仿生材料是近年来兴起的一个热门研究领域.本文中将蚕丝蛋白特征氨基酸序列(Gly-Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly-Ser)部分引入离子互补型多肽RA-DA16-Ⅰ中,设计了新型多肽RAGA16.采用原子力显微镜(AFM)、旋转流变仪(Rheometer)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、倒置荧光显微镜等技术对多肽RAGA16的自组装结构、肽链的二级结构、流变学性能以及细胞相容性等进行研究.结果表明,蚕丝蛋白多肽序列引入后,多肽RAGA16具有自组装特性,能够自组装形成致密的纳米级三维网络结构,所形成的水凝胶力学性能明显提高,通过分析得知这可能是由于多肽二级结构中Silk Ⅰ结构成分比例增加所致.荧光染色显示,绝大多数接种于多肽水凝胶中的小鼠前成骨细胞MC3T3-E1能存活,且在不同的三维平面上生长增殖.综上,利用蚕丝蛋白特征序列对RADA16-Ⅰ进行仿生改性后,对拓展多肽材料在生物医学领域的应用具有重要意义.     

预处理对丝素促进293T细胞生长的影响

采用多种处理方法对丝素进行预处理,探讨其作为支架对293T细胞生长的促进作用．正交实验结果显示：以脱胶方式和包埋方法对结果的影响明显,并有统计学意义（P≤0．01）;在经胰蛋白酶脱胶、盐酸作用、以壳聚糖／聚乙二醇包埋的双股丝素蛋白纤维支架上,293T细胞数最多;在经胰蛋白酶脱胶、氢氧化钠作用、以壳聚糖／聚乙二醇包埋的3股丝素蛋白纤维支架细胞上,293T细胞活性达到最大．处理后的支架能使293T细胞很好地生长增殖,细胞呈球状体、集落性附着在丝素蛋白纤维上．     

Preparation of insoluble fibroin films and its tensile property

Silk fibroin is becoming a promising biomate-rial because of its excellent biocompatibility. However, theregenerated fibroin is usually soluble in water and its me-chanical properties should be improved. Although manymethods, such as adding other polymers or treating withmethanol, can ameliorate the mechanical properties andinsolubility, the biocompatibility of fibroin is usually dam-aged in these processes. In this article, it is first reported thatthe insoluble fibroin films are directly prepared withoutmethanol treatment. According to the results of Fouriertransform infrared spectroscope (FTIR) and the X-ray dif-fraction (XRD), the amount of IS-sheet conformation in-creased with the increasing of concentration. When fibroinfilms are dried from 15 wt% at 60℃, the films become in-soluble in water. More importantly, The tensile strength andelongation of the insoluble fibroin films dried from 15% so-lution at 60℃ reached 15.9 MPa and 49.4% respectively in the wet state, which is distinctly superior to the fibroin films treated with methanol.     

Preparation of 3-D porous fibroin scaffolds by freeze drying with treatment of methanol solutions

In this study, silk scaffolds with appropriate porous structures were prepared by adjusting solution concentrations and providing treatment with methanol solutions in the way of freeze drying. The effects of the preparation conditions on the microstructures and properties of the scaffolds were discussed. Fibroin solutions with different concentrations of 4, 6, 8, 10 wt% were used respectively to prepare the scaffolds. The effects of the addition of 20 vol% methanol before or after freeze drying to the 4 wt% fibroin solution were investigated. As demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the fib-roin scaffolds prepared without methanol had porous microstructures composed of thin sheets, and the sizes of the pores decreased with the increase of the fibroin solution concentrations, while the scaffolds prepared in the presence of methanol showed porous microstructures formed by fine-particle aggregates. The porosities and mechanical properties of the prepared fibroin scaffolds under different conditions were tested. The crystalline structures and conformations of the fibroin scaffolds were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).     

丝素在NMMO·H2O中的溶解及溶液流变性能的研究

探讨了丝素在N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物一水合物(NMMO.H2O)中的溶解行为,结果发现:天然蚕丝纤维脱胶后得到的丝纤维可以直接溶解在NMMO.H2O中,但是很难得到高于10%浓度的溶液,因而无法用于纺丝.而由再生丝素水溶液制得的再生丝素膜则易于溶解在NMMO.H2O中,并可以得到浓度高达25%的再生丝素/NMMO.H2O溶液,在上述研究的基础上,本文还对再生丝素/NMMO.H2O的流变行为进行了初步研究.     

静电纺丝法制备聚己内酯/石墨烯复合材料纳米纤维

利用静电纺丝方法制备了聚己内酯(PCL)/石墨烯复合纳米纤维,对电纺纳米纤维的表面微观形貌、热性能和力学性能等进行了表征,并研究了石墨烯的加入量、PCL浓度、电纺电压、接收距离等参数对复合纤维性能的影响.研究结果表明:当加入石墨烯质量分数为0.27%时,得到的电纺纳米纤维的力学性能提高最大,拉伸强度增加48.6%,杨氏模量增加66.0%;当PCL质量分数为11%,电纺电压为28kV,接收距离为35cm,电纺液流速为6mL/h时,电纺过程稳定,可以得到直径均匀的纳米纤维.     

Surface Modification of Anionic Polyurethane with Silk Fibroin Peptide and Its Effects on the Culture of Fibroblasts

The surface modification of the anionicpolyurethane(APU) film was carried out by immersing it insilk fibroin peptide(SFP) solution for 12 h and then treatingwith low temperature plasma glow discharge. The physicalproperties and moisture permeability of modified films wereexamined. The results showed that SFP-modified APU filmshad better moisture permeability than oleophilicpolyurethane, as well as modified APU films kept goodflexibility. Modified APU films could overcome rigid andbrittle weaks of silk fibroin films. The morphology of SFPon the APU film was corpuscular aggregations. The water-contact angle measurement indicated that the change ofhydrophilicity and the element chemical analysis suggestedthat the SFP-modified film surface was enriched withnitrogen atoms. The biocompatibility of APU films may beimproved due to the change of surface compooents. Cellviability and proliferation of rat embryo dermal fibroblastsseeded on control films, APU films and SFP-modified APUfilms were evaluated by MTT assay and viable cell counts,respectively. The results indicated that the APU filmmodified by SFP protein showed the proliferation offibroblasts on the film, and that the compound interface hadgood stability in the air. Results also showed thatpresoaking treatment for APU films was effective toaccomplish the goal of surface modification.     

Preparation of Antibacterial Electrospun PVA/Regenerated Silk Fibroin Nanofibrous Composite Containing Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride as a Wound Dressing

Electrospinning technique was used for the fabrication of poly （ vinyl alcohol ） （ PVA ） / regenerated silk fibrnin （ SF ） composite nanofibers, loaded with ciprofloxacin HCI （CipHCI） as a wound dressing. Electrospun PVA/SF/CipHCI composite nanofibers were stabilized against dissolving in water by heating in an oven at 155℃ for 5 min. Incorporation of CipHCi into electrospun nanofibers was confirmed by SEM and FT.IR spectra. Further the mechanical properties test illustrated that the addition of CipHCI enhanced the mechanical properties of PVA and PVA/SF nanofibers. The antibacterial activities against Escherichia coU （E. coli ） （ gram-negative ） and Staphylococcus aureus （ S. aureus ） （gram-positive） organisms were evaluated by disk diffusion method; and results suggested that electrospun PVA/CipHCI and PVA/SF/ CipHCI composite nanofibers showed a remarkable antibacterial activity.