基于Meta分析的数字化转型对企业绩效影响问题

基于59篇实证文献、75个效应值、44 316个独立样本，应用Meta分析方法从数字技术、数字战略、数字能力和数字文化4个维度剖析数字化转型与企业绩效间的作用关系和情境条件。结果显示：数字技术、数字战略、数字能力和数字文化与企业绩效均有较强的正相关关系，其中数字文化的作用效果最为显著；企业规模、行业类别和测量方式在数字技术、数字能力和数字战略与企业绩效关系间均起到调节作用，但存在差异，而文化背景只调节数字技术和数字战略与企业绩效的关系。文章丰富了数字化转型与企业绩效的相关理论成果，并为数字化转型背景下提升企业绩效提供管理依据。     

城市轨道交通枢纽适应性仿真系统实现策略

首先在5个仿真子系统的划分基础上,建立设施布局图、设施数据设置、仿真数据设置、仿真过程演示、仿真结果分析5个功能模块。其次提出了离散和连续仿真相结合、微观和宏观仿真相结合、基于启发式算法的仿真优化策略、虚拟环境动画演示和多线程控制策略等仿真实现方法。接着提出了基于UML的类模型、状态模型、交互模型的面向对象建模方法。然后从设施布局、设施规模、客流规模、进出站列车四个角度分析了设施适应性的对比评价研究策略。最后应用提出的基于遗传算法的仿真优化策略,实现了售检票区域子系统内进出站闸机的仿真优化配置算法的验证与分析,为仿真系统的应用开发奠定了理论和技术基础。     

TREE DECOMPOSITIONS OF MULTIGRAPHS

1.IntroductionInthispaperweconsideronlyfiniteundirectedlooplessgraphs.ForasubgraphHofG,E(H)andP(H)denotethenumberofedgesandthenUmberofcyclesinHrespectively.GiventwodisjointsubsetsXandYofV(G),wewriteEG(X,Y)={acEE(G)IxEX,y6Y}.IfTisatreeinGande=acEG--E(T)with{u,v}CV(T),thenT econtainsauniquecycle.WedenotethiscyclebyC(T,e).Aforestiscalledak-tree-forestifitconsistsofexactlykpairwisedisjointtrees.ForagraphG,ifE(G)canbepartitionedilltoseveralpairwisedisjointsetsas{EI,EZ,...,EI}such…     

中国绿色增长模式的动态仿真分析

本文运用系统动力学理论构建中国绿色增长系统的动力学模型,通过对经济、资源、环境、生活、政策子系统参数的调控,预测人均绿色GDP、资源环境成本、生态安全指数、环境污染指数、国民幸福指数以及研发效率等变量的动态趋势,模拟得到四种不同的经济增长模式.研究结果表明:经济的快速发展给生态环境产生了巨大压力,环境污染与资源枯竭问题的日益严重将会阻碍经济的可持续发展;通过政策干预与国家宏观调控,优化产业结构,限制高耗能、高污染产业的发展,对资源的生产与使用起到约束作用;方案4:协同发展模式以快速的经济增长速度和较低的经济损失、资源消耗与环境污染代表了快速增长低消耗低污染的发展模式,即绿色的增长模式.     

Ordered weighted distance measure

The aim of this paper is to develop an ordered weighted distance （OWD） measure, which is the generalization of some widely used distance measures, including the normalized Hamming distance, the normalized Euclidean distance, the normalized geometric distance, the max distance, the median distance and the rain distance, etc. Moreover, the ordered weighted averaging operator, the generalized ordered weighted aggregation operator, the ordered weighted geometric operator, the averaging operator, the geometric mean operator, the ordered weighted square root operator, the square root operator, the max operator, the median operator and the rain operator are also the special cases of the OWD measure. Some methods depending on the input arguments are given to determine the weights associated with the OWD measure. The prominent characteristic of the OWD measure is that it can relieve （or intensify） the influence of unduly large or unduly small deviations on the aggregation results by assigning them low （or high） weights. This desirable characteristic makes the OWD measure very suitable to be used in many actual fields, including group decision making, medical diagnosis, data mining, and pattern recognition, etc. Finally, based on the OWD measure, we develop a group decision making approach, and illustrate it with a numerical example.     

西部地区农业专业化发展及主要作物比较优势的衡量

通过对西部地区农业专业化生产中存在问题的分析,引入单产比较优势、区位比较优势、综合比较优势,对西部各省区水稻、小麦、玉米、豆类、薯类、油菜、棉花、糖料、烟草、蔬菜和瓜果11类主要农作物在全国的比较优势进行了衡量,并对在全国具有综合比较优势的农产品进行了排名,为地区作物布局提供了参考依据。表5,参5。     

社会关系网络中信息不对称对信任行为影响的实验研究

设计了一个包含一位发送者和两位接收者的三节点信任博弈实验,并使得两位接收者与发送者之间具有不同的社会距离,以便研究当两位接收者与发送者社会距离不同时,接收者的返还行动信息不对称对发送者信任水平和接收者可信度的影响。实验结果表明,当两位接收者中有一位是发送者的朋友时,接收者返还行动信息不对称对发送者的信任水平和朋友接收者的可信度均无显著影响,而身为陌生人的接收者在其返还行为无法被发送者直接观测时明显降低了其返还给发送者的点数比例。简言之,朋友是可靠的,不论身份和行动信息是否公开,朋友总是值得信赖的,虽然这种情谊在返还行动信息不对称时给陌生人提供了搭便车的机会,但这并不影响发送者和朋友接收者的收益增加。     

虚拟样机技术的技术与方法体系研究

虚拟样机技术是以虚拟样机为核心、仿真为手段、各种CAx/DFx为工具的一种数字化设计方法和手段。提出一种虚拟样机技术的技术与方法体系,它包括虚拟样机、基于虚拟样机的仿真技术、针对虚拟样机的管理技术、各种实用工具的集成技术和人机界面技术。分别论述了各种技术和方法的主要内容,包括虚拟样机的定义、特性和建模方法,多领域、多学科仿真的类型、方法和基本特征,虚拟样机的管理技术,以及各种工具的总体集成框架和方法。     

从定性到定量的系统性信息安全综合集成评估体系

利用综合集成的理论方法 ,对信息安全量化评估体系在理念、理论、方法论、思路、技术、实现、应用和组织管理等方面进行综合研究     

航天发射可视化仿真分析技术与应用研究

航天发射领域开展了大量的数字化设计验证、数字化合练与模拟训练、箭地联合仿真评估等数字化实验工作,都涉及航天发射信息可视化的问题。利用虚拟现实技术、系统仿真技术、数据可视化技术等,按照多线程、多模块架构设计思想,以及消息队列系统交互模式,构建了集数据管理、场景管理、计算管理和脚本管理功能于一体的航天发射可视化仿真分析技术平台,并开展了多星危险性、特种操作测发工艺、整流罩开孔和测试发射流程状态可视化仿真分析应用案例研究。     

The Spatial Statistics Analysis of Housing Market Bubbles

With the incorporation of spatial statistic method, this paper constructs a state-space model of housing market bubbles, discussing the spatial pattern of housing market bubbles in China,and identifying the dynamic evolution process. The results show that: The bubbles of housing market walked along a path from low level to high level and then downsized to a low level during the period of 2009 and 2014, and the highest level stayed at 2011. From overall, the level of housing market bubbles had shown significant spatial autocorrelation and spatial agglomeration. In detail, the direction of North-South in China showed the inverted U shape, i.e., Central region was with high bubbles, and two ends contained low bubbles; from East-West direction, the East had high bubbles and the West contained comparatively low bubbles. Local spatial test indicates that there were some approximate spatial features in housing market bubbles among the adjacent regions. Observed from the level of housing market bubbles, China contained 3 plates: The first was the plate with low bubble level,including 3 provinces in North-East China(provinces of Jilin, Heilongjiang and Liaoning were included,but Dalian in Liaoning province was excluded; the second was the Central and West plate(the provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Gansu, Fujian, Jiangxi and Hainan were included in this plate), which was also featured with low bubble; and the third was Central East plate(provinces or provincial regions of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Shandong,Anhui, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia were included), which was characterized as high bubble region.     

谈谈TEMPEST技术

本文提出有关TEMPEST亟需解决的几个问题,如正名、标准的制定、宣传和人员培训、各种控制措施、检测和认证等,以期引起各方面的注意。     

基于Petri网的铁水运输系统DEDS对象建模

宝钢铁水运输仿真系统针对仿真系统的各个实体，包括高炉出铁口、高炉出铁线、脱硫问、倒罐站、前、后扒渣间、倒渣间、电炉、锭模、铸铁机、炉窑、TPC、机车和铁路，利用Petri网建立了模型。应用宝钢铁水运输计算机仿真系统，对宝钢2高炉易地大修工程区域的20种方案进行仿真试验，通过不同方案下仿真结果的比较，得出了2高炉易地大修区域铁路布局和铁水运输调度方式的优化方案。     

地下工程抢修作业计划与控制要求及其策略研究

提出了地下工程抢修作业计划与控制的发展要求与应对策略。在阐述地下工程抢修计划与控制基本概念基础上,从作战计划系统、项目管理、系统控制、模型设计等角度系统论证了地下工程抢修计划与控制的发展要求,建立了地下工程抢修计划与控制的开发框架;立足知识模型、计划拟制、集成机制、资源计划与均衡、知识推理等层次,提出了地下工程抢修计划与控制的研究策略,为地下工程抢修作业计划与控制技术的研究工作提供了科学指南。     

信息关系与病态信息判定准则

从大规模信息集合的质量问题出发 ,研究了用于病态信息检测的信息关系 :信息单元限定、单向制约关系、双向制约关系、非突变关系、组合关系、顺序关系、子集关系、表达式关系、函数关系 ,以及复合关系与外部定义关系等。讨论了用于病态信息判定的准则 :合法性、合理性、真实性和正确性等 ,为进一步进行病态信息研究打下了一个良好的研究与实验基础     

论科技一社会控制系统的建构

当今，科技的发展给人类的生活带来了极大的便利，但也给社会造成了一定的危害，为了遏止科技的一些负面效应，需要我们对科技进行社会控制，即构建一个行之有效的科技～社会控制系统。该系统由政策和法律控制、组织控制、市场控制和道德控制四个部分组成，这四个组成部分相对于整个系统来说是子系统，它们各有自己的特点、结构和功能，并且整个系统的运行还呈现出目的性、非线性和线性统一和可控性的原则。     

中国节能减排系统动力学模型及政策优化仿真

为考察并比较不同节能减排政策对能源消耗和污染物排放的影响作用,从政府、经济、人口、科技、能源和环境等系统要素出发,构建了节能减排系统动力学模型;并以福建省为例,确定模型参数及主要方程,在各个子系统上分别赋予税收、金融、财政、环保、产业和科技等政策调控因子,动态仿真不同工具的实施效果.研究结果表明:在设定的情景及参数下,政策的调整与实施往往能够促进节能减排,但不能盲目改变政策的实施力度.不同政策其节能减排效果不同,税收、环保和产业政策对节能减排产生的效果最为明显,其中环保政策下环境相对污染度虽降幅不及税收政策,但主要污染物的前端治污效果凸显;而金融、财政和科技政策的节能减排效果较为微弱.     

基于生态压力指数的河南省生态安全时空差异分析

为科学评判河南省的生态安全性,运用生态压力指数对河南省1990。2005年的生态安全进行了时空差异分析。结果表明：河南省的生态压力指数从1990年的1．25增高到2005年的2．29,16a间生态压力持续增高,生态压力指数一直大于1,生态环境始终处于不安全状态。从空间变化上看,洛阳、焦作、新乡、濮阳4市的安全等级指数由1994年的4级（较不安全）变化到2004年5级（很不安全）,三门峡、开封、平顶山、周口、南阳、驻马店和漯河市由5级（很不安全）变为6级（极不安全）,鹤壁市和信阳市保持5级（很不安全）不变,商丘市则持续6级（极不安全）,而郑州、安阳、许昌、济源则由原来的4级（较不安全）增加到6级（极不安全）。由此可知,河南省各地市的生态不安全程度正在逐渐增大,可持续发展形势严峻,必须调整现有的经济结构,提高资源利用率和单位生物生产土地面积的生产力。图4,表3,参14。     

Technical Note ：SINGLE-PERIOD TWO-PRODUCT INVENTORY MODEL WITH SUBSTITUTION： SOLUTION AND PROPERTIES

In this paper, we study a single-period two-product inventory model with stochastic demands and downward substitution. The optimal order quantities are presented and some properties are provided. Comparing with newsboy model, we prove that both the profit and the fill rate can be improved by using the substitution policy. This work was supported partly by NSFC/RGC Joint Research Program under grant 79910161987 and the National Science Foundation of China (79825102, 70231010, 70321001). Lianqiao CAI is lecturer of School of International Business, Beijing Foreign Studies University. He received his B.S. and M.S. from School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, in 1995 and 1998, and Ph.D of Management Science from Tsinghua University in 2002. His research areas include supply chain management, optimization techniques. Jian Chen is Professor and Chairman of the Management Science Department and co-director of the Research Center for Contemporary Management, Tsinghua University. He has over 80 papers published in some leading international journals and first class Chinese journals, and has been a principal investigator for over 20 grants or research contracts with National Science Foundation of China, governmental organizations, and companies. His main research interests include supply chain management, E-commerce, modeling and control for complex systems, decision support systems and information systems, and forecast and optimization techniques. He serves as associate editor of the “IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: Part A” and “IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: Part C”, and on the Editorial Board of “The International Journal of Electronic Business” and “System Research and Behavioral Science”. He is the recipient of the Outstanding Contribution Award of IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society in 1996, and the Young Scientist Award of China in 1992. He was Secretary General of the 1996 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics in Beijing, Co-chair of the IPC of 1998 International Conference on Systems Science and Systems Engineering, Chair of the First Asian eBiz Workshop in 2001, Co-chair of the Asian eBiz Workshop in 2002 and 2003, and Co-chair of the international conference on Global Supply Chain Management in 2002. Houmin Yan received his B.S. and M.S. from the Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, in 1982 and 1985, respectively, and his Ph.D. from the Faculty of Management, University of Toronto in 1993. From Jan. 1994, he is with the Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, the Chinese University of Hong Kong as an Assistance, Associate and Full Professor. He was a tenured Associate Professor at School of Management, the Univ. of Texas at Dallas. His main research areas are operations management, stochastic models, simulations, and supply chain management. He has published in journals such as Operations Research, Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, Production and Operations Management, Journal of Optimization: Theory and Applications, IIE Transactions and IEEE Transactions. He consults several high-tech companies, such as Motorola, C&K Systems, and Oriental Power, on issues spanning from production planning and scheduling, supply chain management to business process re-engineering. He is a member of INFORMS.     

长期施肥对农田黑土酶活性及土壤肥力的影响

利用29a的长期定位试验,对不同的施肥方式下农田黑土酶活性及肥力进行了研究,探讨长期施肥对土壤酶活性及与土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,化肥与有机肥配合施用能明显提高土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷含量,增强土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、转化酶、过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶活性。相关分析结果显示,土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、转化酶、过氧化氢酶活性与有机质、全氮、全磷、有效磷、碱解氮呈显著正相关。土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、转化酶、过氧化氢酶综合活性可以反应长期施肥后农田黑土质量的变化趋势。