重油含水率测量系统中的信息融合方法

在重油含水率测量系统中,根据水的介电常数远远大于重油的介电常数,因而两者所呈现的射频阻抗特性不同的原理,可使用射频电容传感器．但在测试过程中发现传感器的输出除受水分这1个参量的影响外,还受温度的影响,从而影响系统性能和测量精度．为此,探讨了对传感器输入、输出信息进行融合处理的方法,以提高目标参量的测量精度和测量系统的温度稳定性．2个传感器所输出的信息融合方法有多种,作者采用了曲面拟合法．实验结果表明未进行信息融合前,传感器的零位温度系数αs0=4.01×10-3/℃,在水分标定值为3%,8%和10%时,传感器的灵敏温度系数αs3,αs8,αs10分别为3.56×10-3,3.53×10-3和3.30×10-3/℃;进行信息融合后,传感器的等效温度系数αs0,αs3,αs8和αs10分别为1.06×10-3,2.43×10-3,8.66×10-4和8.50×10-4/℃,与未融合处理前相比,温度稳定性有较大的提高,同时测量精度也明显提高．     

基于长喉径文丘里管的双差压湿气流量测量

为实现湿气气液两相流量的在线非分离测量,提出一种基于长喉径单文丘里管的双差压湿气流量测量方法．通过理论分析和实验研究,揭示了湿气液气质量比和气相流速与长喉径文丘里管收缩段差压、扩张段差压之间存在一定的内在变化规律及物理本质．为有效提高测量精度,针对传统虚高模型的缺陷,提出了虚高模型的优化原则．建立了基于单文丘里管的气液两相测量模型,并通过迭代运算实现了气液两相流量的分相测量,对于压力P为0．10—0．16MPa,气相弗劳德数0．4～0．7,液气质量比0～1范围内,气相流量测量的相对误差优于±3％,液相流量测量的满度误差小于±10％．     

Ru(phen)_3~(2+)-SO_3~(2-)-Ce(IV)体系化学发光法测定葡萄酒中的亚硫酸盐总量

提出了Ru(phen) 3 2 + -SO3 2 --Ce(IV)体系化学发光法测定溶液中亚硫酸盐的方法 SO3 2 -浓度与化学发光强度在 1 0× 10 -7～ 1 0× 10 -4mol/L范围内成正比 ,检出限为 1 97× 10 -7mol/L(S/N =3) ,1 0× 10 -4mol/LSO3 2 -溶液重复 6次测定结果的相对标准偏差为 4 9% 该方法用于测定白葡萄酒中亚硫酸盐总含量为 4 0 0 6× 10 -5mol/L ,加标回收结果令人满意     

90t转炉溅渣护炉水模试验研究

溅渣护炉技术是提高转炉炉龄的有效措施。通过水力学模型试验 ,探索溅渣护炉操作的最佳工艺参数。得出溅渣优化工艺参数如下 :顶枪夹角为 1 2°;顶枪枪位为 1 5 0 0～ 1 80 0mm ;顶吹气体流量大于 1 9860m3 /h;渣池初始深度为 65 0mm ;底吹气体流量为 3 1 2m3 /h。     

壳聚糖包埋Ru(bpy)_3~(2+)/SiO_2复合膜电极电化学发光特性

制备了壳聚糖包埋Ru(bpy) 2 + 3 /SiO2 复合膜电极 .对其电化学发光特性的研究表明 :铂和玻碳复合膜电极循环伏安曲线的阳极峰分别在 115 0和 1370mV ,阴极峰分别在 10 5 0和12 6 0mV ;复合膜电极的荧光发射光谱位于 5 85nm ;电极的响应时间为 10s,对基质具有电位和 pH选择性 ;对 5 .5× 10 -4 1.0× 10 -2 mol·L-1的草酸和抗坏血酸分别有相关系数为 0 .995和0 .992的线性响应 ,S/N =3时的检测限分别为 5 .0× 10 -5和 6 .4× 10 -5mol·L-1,5次测量的相对标准偏差分别为 3.9%和 6 .8% ;铂和玻碳复合膜电极通常使用时间分别可达 30和 17d以上 .     

单支管中气固两相流质量流量测量的新方法

提出了一种采用电容传感器与文丘里管相结合测量单支管中气固两相流质量流量的新方法·通过电容传感器对固相浓度的测量,可以求出气固两相流的固气比,结合文丘里管上的差压信号,可以计算出相应气体单独流经文丘里管时所产生的差压,由此可以求得气体的质量流量,进而得出固相的质量流量·实测结果显示,测量误差小于３３％·此方法不直接测量管道中气体的质量流量,而是通过测量浓度和差压信号来求得气固两相的流量值·此方法特别适用于不能直接测量气体流量的场合支管流量的测量·     

参数估计方法在过热蒸汽流量的温度压力补偿中的应用

本文运用辨识理论和数理统计方法得到了过热蒸汽重度的解析表达式A:ρ(t,p)=-0. 339653072+6. 34045381×10~(-4) t+0. 113333377p+85. 9798372(p/t);B:ρ(t,p)=-4. 90630228×10~(-3) +3. 83867216×10~(-5) t+0. 131872041p+72. 2266428(p/t)+86. 2479109(p/t)~2(320℃≤t≤450℃,7≤p≤25kgf/cm~2) .A 式的相对误差 CE<1%,绝对误差E<0. 07kg/m~3;B 式的 CE<0. 532%,E<0. 05kg/m~3. 两式的线性相关系数 R 均大于0. 9999. 获得上述两式,将使利用微型计算机计算过热蒸汽流量的温度压力补偿更加方便,也将显著地提高计算精度。     

B→(K+,K0)η(′)衰变与新物理企鹅图贡献

1999年 8月 ,美国 CELO实验组在对 1 .9× 1 0 7个 B介子衰变事例进行分析的基础上 ,给出了对 4个B→ Kη(′) 衰变道衰变分枝比的新实验测量结果 :B( B → K η′) =( 80 10-9± 7)× 1 0 -6B( B0→ K0η′) =( 88 18-16± 9)× 1 0 -6( 1 )B( B→ K η) <6.9× 1 0 -6B( B0→ K0η) <9.3× 1 0 -6( 2 )在所考虑的参数空间范围内 ,对 B → K η和 B0 → K0 η衰变道 ,采用次领头阶对数近似 ( N LO)有效哈密顿和因子化方法的标准理论预言值分别为 ( 3- 6)× 1 0 -6和 ( 2 - 5)× 1 0 -6,与 ( 2 )式所示 CLEO实验上限值符…     

铁氰化钾-罗丹明6G化学发光体系测定维脑路通

铁氰化钾在碱性条件下能氧化维脑路通产生微弱化学发光,罗丹明6G能大大增强此发光.基于此,建立了一种直接测定维脑路通的流动注射化学发光方法.该方法线性范围为5 0×10-7～5 0×10-5g/mL,检出限为1 0×10-7g/mL,对1 0×10-6g/mL维脑路通溶液连续11次测量的相对标准偏差为2 5%.利用该方法对维脑路通注射液及片剂含量的测定,结果令人满意.     

气相色谱法检测摇头丸中的盐酸氯胺酮

以三氯甲烷提取、气相色谱法测定摇头丸中的盐酸氯胺酮含量 ,线性范围 1.0× 10 -3 — 4.0× 10 -1mg/ml,回归方程为 y =1.40 2× 10 7x +8.193× 10 4 (r =0 .998) ,检测限为 2 .0× 10 -4 mg/ml,回收率 90 .3 %。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the