Nouvelle méthode de séparation des myosinesα etβ

Summary Myosin is insoluble in KAc or NaAc 0.5 m at neutralp _H values and can be easily separated from myosin under these conditions. The yield in myosin is 80 to 90% of the total protein content of our solutions (Weber-Edsall myosin solutions prepared after 20 minutes extraction).     

Apparition d'une protéine nouvelle,la contractine,dans les extraits de muscles contractés

Summary When rabbit muscles are fatigued, the electrophoretic pictures of the extracts of these muscles are free from -myosin and show a large decrease in the amount of ₁ and ₂-myosin.When the muscles are contracted by monobromacetate or stimulated and fixed in a contracted state by liquid air, -myosin is very much decreased, ₁ and ₂-myosin disappears entirely, and a new component appears which is called contractin.The disappearance of the classical myosins and the appearance of this new protein in the extracts ofshortened muscles, may be of great interest in the study of the protein changes responsible for muscle contraction.     

Eine im Alkalischen wirksame Monophosphoesterase aus Hefe

Summary The authors describe a monophosphoesterase isolated from yeast which acts strongly on sodium phenolphthaleinphosphate, phenolphosphate, and-glycerophosphate in an alkaline medium (p _H 8,5–9,1). The enzyme does not need magnesium ions for its activity.     

Différenciation électrophorétique de myosines dans les muscles au repos et fatigués,de Mammifères et de Mollusques

Summary Rabbit as well as Mollusks myosin solutions are composed of three electrochemical distinct components:, and myosins, moving with the same speed in both species at definitep _H and ionic strength.Turbidity of myosin solutions is connected with the boundary.After the muscle has been stimulated till exhaustion, the component disappears and the component is very markedly decreased or absent.     

Etude électrophorétique des variations de composition d'extraits musculaires de Lapin sous l'influence de la fatigue et de la contracture par le monobromacétate de soude

Summary Rabbit muscular globulins soluble between the ionic strengths 0.15 and 0.35 are, in an almost native state, the and myosins ofDubuisson. The extractability of both, and, by salt solutions is greatly reduced when the rabbit muscle has been stimulated to exhaustion or poisoned with the sodium salt of monobromacetic acid till a state of rigor is obtained. This reduction however does not proceed in an absolutely similar way for and, indicating probable functional differences between these two myosins. The other soluble muscular proteins are practically not affected, as far as the method permits this to be assertained.     

Séparation,par voie chimique,des myosinesα etβ

Summary It is possible to separate in a state of high electrophoretic purity and homogeneity the and components of myosin solutions by fractionation with ammonium sulfate.The solutions of and myosins differ considerably by their physical properties.     

Accessibilité, solubilité et association,in situ,de la myosine

Summary myosinin situ is the more accessible to saline solutions the more finely the muscular substance has been divided, which implies its localization in structures difficult of access.This myosin exists in such structures in the form of a complex, the dissociation of which is effected by the saline solutions in proportion to their ionic strength.Fatigue does not modify the spatial accessibility of this complex but does modify its structures, so that, for some values ofp _H, solutions of equal ionic concentrations are less active on the substance of stimulated muscles than on that of normal ones.The myosin derived from that complex is much less homogenous in the Tiselius-Longworth apparatus than the myosin isolated from theWeber-Edsall myosin by fractionating with ammonium sulfate.Rabbits' muscles suddenly cooled by immersion in ice water give extracts similar to those of stimulated muscles.     

Konfiguration des Periplogenins undallo-Periplogenins

Summary By means of reactions which proceed without isomerization at C-3 and C-17, it has been possible to break down periplogenin into the known 3-acetoxy-etio-allo-cholanic-acid-methylester. In consideration of this fact together with other known and unpublished findings it is very probable that all functional groups in periplogenin are arranged in the-configuration. The same breaking-down when applied to the biologically inactiveallo-periplogenin produced the known 3-acetoxy-14-iso-17-iso-etio-allo-cholanicacid-methylester.Allo-periplogenin is distinguished from periplogenin by the stereoconfiguration at position 17.

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Die ausführliche Publikation erscheint in den Helv. chim. Acta.     

Zur chemischen Konstitution der herzaktiven Krötengifte

Summary Degradation of bufalin-acetate with KMnO₄ in acetone gave methyl 3--acetoxy-14-hydroxy-14-iso-ætiocholanate and 3--acetoxy-14-hydroxy-14-iso-20-keto-pregnane-21-acid-(2114)-lactone. This proves that bufalin and digitoxigenin differ only with regard to the nature of the lactone ring, the molecular structures being otherwise identical.

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Die ausführliche Mitteilung erscheint demnächst in den Helv. chim. acta,     

Ringschlußversuche mit halogenierten Naphthalinthioglykolsäuren

Summary It has been found that cyclisation of -halogenated -naphthalene-thioglycolic acids can occur in -position with the elimination of the halogen. The influence of the temperature and of a further substituent (halogen) in the second nucleus are discussed.     

Über ebene axialsymmetrische Punktmengen

Summary The principal results of the present inquiries are: If a plane quantity of points M has a finite number of symmetrals n, which intersect in a point S, these symmetrals form a regular fascicle of straight lines, with an angle/n of two subsequent symmetrals. If is the angle between two straight lines with the intersection point S, you may or may not supplement them to a regular fascicle of symmetrals of a quantity of points M, by adding a finite number of straight lines, according as represents a rational or irrational multiple of 2. If the angle of two symmetrals of M with the intersection point S is an irrational multiple of 2, there will be to every straight line g through S a symmetral of M, which comprises with g, a small angle of the size you may choose. If M is closed, then in this case every straight line g through S will be a symmetral of M.The symmetrals of a limited quantity of points will intersect in an exact point.

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Die Verfasser sind zur vorliegenden mathematischen Untersuchung durch den Versuch einer mathematischen Behandlung verschiedener Probleme, die Gasausscheidung aus gashältigen Flüssigkeiten betreffend, veranlaßt worden.     

Über den Temperatureinfluß bei der Strahlenoxydation von Ferrosulfat

Summary Oxidation of ferric sulphate in a concentration of about 0,002 mols per litre by means of- and-radiations shows no dependence from temperature between 4 and 54 degrees Celsius. Frozen solutions are not oxidized by radiations. Therefore reaction is only possible, when water molecules have free movement. The probability of energy-conduction for the used concentration is not changed by rising temperature for 50 degrees.     

Contribution à l'étude du phénomène d'imbibition capillaire

Summary The real density of a porous matter is determined by means of the equationV=a – b · s, whereV is the volume of imbibition, related to the surface tension (s) of the liquid, while a and b are experimental coefficients. The examination of this equation led to the conclusion that a represents the total porous volume, while b is a function of the mean porous radius. The knowledge of the equation related to a given substance, allows to calculate immediately the real density.Furthermore the ratiob/a defines a characteristics porosity index.     

Fasergabelung durch Auftreten lokalisierter Wachstumsbezirke

Summary The formation of forked fibres cannot be explained by the theories of sliding or of symplastic growth, while the theory of local apical growth of fibre ends accounts for all the actual facts observed in xylem and phloem fibres ofSparmannia africana. In this species cambium cells with a split end are found. These cells give rise to forked fibres, the forking point of which does not show any sliding growth, but remains on its original level. This evidence is undoubtedly a proof against the theory of sliding growth during fibre elongation inSparmannia.     

Bemerkung über additive Mengenfunktionale

Summary The author analyses the influence of a similar-representationA A of sets of then-dimensional Euclidean space on the value of an additive, translation-invariant functional (A). Under very general suppositions ( A) is a rational integral functions of at most from then ^th degree.     

Les tests microbiologiques pour la détermination des vitamines

Summary The qualities required by a microorganism to work as test object are studied, so as the utilized methods to measure development.The different, watersoluble vitamins from the group B: thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, adermin (pyridoxin), pantothenic acid, -alanin, biotin, p-aminobenzoic acid, mesoinositol, enable the creation of a useful test with a selected microorganism.The problem of the vitaminic factors of the soil is one of those which can only be studied with help of microbiological tests. The presence of vitamins in the soil is proved. Their origin is discussed. Their action and that of vitamins voluntary added to the soil is studied. It is shown that the qualities of soil and manures have a marked influence on the thiamin rate of the studied plant.A cycle is suggested to show how the action of growth factors enable to understand the natural relations existing between the auxo-heterotrophic and the auxo-autotrophic organisms. The growth factors of the soil participate to the biological balance ruling life in and on the soil. The necessity of an ecological vitaminology is being considered.     

Über eine wässerige Carotinlösung

Summary Preparation of a clear solution of carotene in water with the aid of Tween.