树干毕赤酵母连续发酵戊糖己糖生成酒精

以30g/L葡萄糖和15g/L木糖混合物为发酵底物,在工作体积约为1.5L的全混釜生物反应器中,对一株树干毕赤酵母驯化菌株P2进行了一级和二级连续发酵研究。结果表明,在一级连续发酵木糖、葡萄糖混合物中,当稀释率为0.06h-1时,酒精产率达到最大0.790g/(L·h),发酵溢出液中酒精浓度为13.16g/L,还原糖利用率仅为77.51%。在二级连续发酵木糖、葡萄糖混合物时,当底物流加速度约为60mL/h时,发酵液酒精浓度为13.23～14.85g/L,还原糖利用为83.23%～84.37%。     

发酵玉米芯水解液制备乙醇的研究

为了提高戊糖发酵制备乙醇的产率,利用经驯化后的嗜单宁管囊酵母发酵玉米芯水解液,研究了嗜单宁管囊酵母的驯化工艺和发酵条件对乙醇产率的影响,得到了优化的工艺条件。结果表明,经驯化后的嗜单宁管囊酵母发酵玉米芯水解液的糖利用率比原来提高了41.23％,乙醇得率提高了118.83％,戊糖和己糖利用率分别为89.55％和85.23％。优化的发酵条件为初始糖浓度60～90g/L,初始pH5.5～6.0,接种量(体积分数)8％,发酵周期96h。在该发酵条件下,酒精得率可达0.346g/g。     

固定化酵母乙醇发酵研究

用聚乙烯酸(PVA)作载体,采用“T固化薄片成型”技术包埋酿酒酵母细胞进行乙醇发酵.批式发酵周期4.5h,乙醇浓度9.0%,乙醇产率14.4gL~(-1)h~(-1);连续发酵当稀释率为0.72h~(-1)时,乙醇浓度6.0%,乙醇产率21.6gL~(-1)h~(-1)该PVA固化酵母凝胶至少可重复使用180d以上.表明本研究可大幅度提高乙醇连续发醇效率.     

分批添料对戊糖、己糖同步发酵制备乙醇的影响

以树干毕赤酵母为发酵菌株,混合糖(葡萄糖与木糖质量比为2∶1)为发酵底物,通过分批添料来提高糖利用率及乙醇得率。结果表明,一次性投料发酵糖初始浓度以94.0 g/L为最佳,乙醇浓度可达33.9 g/L。在高糖浓度一次性投料发酵中,延长发酵时间可以继续降低残糖浓度,增加乙醇浓度。但是初始糖浓度越高,其变化幅度也越低。初始糖浓度为108.0 g/L,31 h发酵后残糖浓度为9.1 g/L,乙醇浓度为34.3 g/L,延长到42 h时残糖浓度为0.4 g/L,乙醇浓度提高到37.0 g/L。当总糖浓度为80.9 g/L时,补糖时间在12 h内完成,且以两次补糖法较合适,发酵24 h乙醇浓度达到33.8 g/L。     

戊糖己糖混合糖发酵生产乙醇的主要影响因素

以树干毕赤酵母为发酵菌株,高混合糖(木糖、葡萄糖)为发酵底物,确定树干毕赤酵母高糖浓度发酵时所需的条件.研究结果表明,在高糖浓度乙醇发酵中,树干毕赤酵母较为适宜的发酵温度为30℃,发酵24 h,残糖浓度和乙醇浓度分别为0.1 g/L和32.5 g/L.添加硫酸铵1.1 g/L+微量元素发酵效果较好,乙醇浓度为33.2g/L.由典型发酵过程中各物质浓度变化曲线可知,酵母优先利用葡萄糖,发酵12 h葡萄糖和木糖的还原糖利用率分别为89.3%、10.7%.待12 h葡萄糖几乎被消耗完后,对木糖的利用开始占主导地位,乙醇浓度随着糖的不断消耗而逐渐提高.发酵28h时乙醇浓度最高,达到33.2 g/L.     

固定化酵母流化床生物反应器发酵玉米淀粉的研究

对固定化酵母流化床生物反应器发酵玉米淀粉进行了研究.结果表明,在南阳混合酵母、拉斯12号酵母以及古巴Ⅱ号酵母3种酵母中,南阳混合酵母最适合作为固定化的菌种.发酵醪初糖为9 86～15 88°Bx,发酵时间为6～11h,成熟发酵醪中酒精的体积百分比含量达4 8%～9 2%,反应器的乙醇生产能力为3 8～4 5g/(L·h),凝胶的乙醇生产能力为11 3～13 6g/(L·h),残糖均低于1 0°Bx.     

乙醇连续发酵与膜超滤耦合过程研究

采用ＣＡ－Ｔｉ复合管式膜组件与发酵釜耦合操作，用啤酒酵母从葡萄糖连续发酵乙醇是一个从不稳态到稳态的过程。稳态的最佳操作参数为：初始葡萄糖浓度为１４０ｇ／Ｌ，稀释率为０．３ｈ－１，轴出比为０．６３８，相应的细胞浓度为２×１０９ｃｅｌｌｓ／ｍｌ，葡萄糖利用率为９２％，生产率为２２９／Ｌ·ｈ。ＣＡ－Ｔｉ复合管式膜经松弛法处理后，可使膜的渗透通量得到恢复。当细胞浓度增加到一定程度时，乙醇生产率和酵母比生长速率的增长减缓，反应器中细胞的浓度是由稀释率和轴出比决定的     

毕赤酵母发酵甘露醇产乙醇的条件研究

在250ml三角瓶中进行毕赤酵母（Pichia angophorae）发酵不同浓度的甘露醇生产乙醇的试验。试验先以浓度为20g/L、40g/L、60g/L、80g/L的甘露醇进行发酵试验确定出最适培养基组分,然后以正交试验确定菌株的最优发酵条件。结果确定出最适的发酵培养基组分为：甘露醇20g/L,酵母浸粉0.3g/L,麦芽浸粉0.3g/L,（NH4）2SO45g/L,KH2PO42g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.4g/L。最佳发酵条件为：温度32℃,摇床转速150rpm,初始pH值4.5,发酵液体积150ml,乙醇最大产量为0.45g ethanol/g mannitol。     

固定化酵母乙醇发酵研究

用聚乙烯醇作载体，采用“Ｔ固化薄片成型“技术包埋酿酵母细胞进行乙醇发酵。批式发酵周期４。５ｈ，乙醇浓度９。０％，乙醇产率１４。４ｇＬ＾－１ｈ＾－１；连续发酵当稀释率为０。７２ｈ＾－１时，乙醇浓度６。０％，乙醇产率２１。６ｇＬ＾－１ｈ＾－１。该ＰＶＡ固化醇母凝胶至少可重复使用１８０ｄ以上。表明本研究可大幅度提高乙醇连续发醇效率。     

以甜高粱渣为原料发酵生产乙醇

研究了以甜高粱渣为原料生产燃料乙醇：甜高粱渣经磷酸水解,水解液中和浓缩后接入管囊酵母（Pachysolen tannophilus）发酵生产乙醇,水解残渣加入纤维素酶和酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）同步糖化发酵。通过正交实验研究了磷酸水解甜高粱渣的条件,最优条件为：磷酸浓度80g/L、反应温度120℃、反应时间80min、固液比1∶10,最大还原糖得率为0.3024g/g干物料。水解液管囊酵母发酵最大乙醇浓度为14.5g/L;水解残渣同步糖化发酵,当底物浓度为5%时最大乙醇浓度达5.4g/L。总乙醇产率为0.147g/gDM。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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