微量Ag对Al-Mg-Li-Zr合金时效特性和微观组织的影响

研究了添加微量银对Ａｌ－Ｍｇ－Ｌｉ－Ｚｒ合金的机械性能和时效组织的影响，通过对时效硬度、拉伸强度、延伸率的测试以及Ｘ射线衍射与ＴＥＭ观察表明，微量银的加入可使Ａｌ－Ｍｇ－Ｌｉ－Ｚｒ合金得到显著硬化和强化，同时推迟了时效峰值的显现；银的含量越大，合金的过时效越缓慢；在Ａｌ－Ｍｇ－Ｌｉ合金中加入质量分数为０．５２％的银可生成Ｔ相；同时微量银的加入，抑制了δ＇相的长大．     

8090Al-Li合金δ′相的相界特征

采用小角Ｘ射线散射技术研究８０９０Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金回火析出δ′相的相界特征．实验结果表明,合金在１６０℃时效时析出的δ′相粒子与基体之间存在过渡界面层,表明δ′相是通过Ｓｐｉｎ－ｏｄａｌ分解机理形成的,而且δ′相粒子平均半径的三次方与回火时间的关系与ＬＳＷ动力学规律不一致     

Al_2O_3／Al Lanxide材料的组成和显微结构的研究

通过Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）和光学显微镜分析了ＡＩ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金直接氧化形成的Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＡｌＬａｎｘｉｄｅ材料的组成和显微结构，并探讨了它们与母合金组成及氧化生长方式的关系。     

快速凝固Al—Fe—V—Si合金薄带微观结构的热稳定性

通过示差热分析，Ｘ射线衍射，能谱分析和透射电镜观察，研究了快速凝固Ａｌ－Ｆｅ－Ｖ－Ｓｉ合金薄带微观结构的热稳定性，结果表明，室温时已存在立方结构的α－Ａｌ１３（Ｆｅ，Ｖ）３Ｓｉ相，呈近球形弥散分布；加热时α粒子长大，但直到５１０℃／１００ｈ粒子粗化仍不明显。升温到６５０℃发生相转变，出现多边形θＡｌ２（Ｆｅ，Ｖ，Ｓｉ）六方结构相；而经６５０℃／２５ｈ处理后观察到长条形析出相，其成分近似为（Ａｌ，Ｓ     

快速凝固Al－Fe－V－Si合金薄带微观结构的热稳定性

通过示差热分析、Ｘ射线衍射、能谱分析和透射电镜观察，研究了快速凝固Ａｌ－Ｆｅ－Ｖ－Ｓｉ合金薄带微观结构的热稳定性．结果表明，室温时已存在立方结构的α－Ａｌ（１３）（Ｆｅ，Ｖ）３Ｓｉ相，呈近球形弥散分布；加热时α粒子长大，但直到５１０℃／１００ｈ粒子粗化仍不明显．升温到６５０℃发生相转变．出现多边形θ－Ａｌ２（Ｆｅ，Ｖ，Ｓｉ）六方结构相；而经６５０℃／２５ｈ处理后观察到长条形析出相，其成分近似为（Ａｌ，Ｓｉ）（１３）Ｆｅ４，并与原来立方相、六方相粒子共存．     

烧结法制备Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2系统低膨胀微晶玻璃

本文研究了以Ｌｉ２Ｏ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系统玻璃为基础，添加Ｌｉ２Ｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＝１：１混合物，用烧结法制备膨胀微晶玻璃。通过ＤＴＡ．Ｘ－射线衍射等鉴定了各样品中析出的主晶相，对各种样品的热膨胀系数亦作了测定。对烧结过程中固相反应的机理，化学组合与晶相组成对热膨胀性能的影响也作了探讨。     

纯Cu渗Al层的EPMA和XRD的研究

用电子探针（ＥＰＭＡ）和Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）研究了纯Ｃｕ在９００℃温度下，保温４ｈ时渗Ａｌ层的Ａｌ浓度分布及时α时结构的影响，结果表明，渗层的表面Ａｌ含量与渗剂中的纯Ａｌ粉含量有关，纯Ａｌ粉含量小于４％时，Ａｌ浓度分布与措散定律计算值相符，渗层组织主要是α固溶体，α相的点阵常数随Ａｌ浓度增加呈直线上升。     

商业Inconel718合金晶界析出相的鉴别

在商业Ｉｎｃｏｎｅｌ７１８合金中存在３种成分非常接近的析出相：δ－Ｎｉ３Ｎｂ（Ｔｉ，Ａｌ），γ″－Ｎｉ３Ｎｂ（Ｔｉ，Ａｌ）和γ″－Ｎｉ３Ａｌ（Ｔｉ，Ｎｂ），而且在标准热处理状态下，析出相很小，即使运用ＥＤＡＸ微区成分分析方法也难以区分，尽管３种析出相结构不同，但γ″相的３种变体和δ相的１２种变体导致两者众多衍射斑点的重合，增加了实验鉴别的困难。     

Zn—5Al合金超塑性的量子效应

用Ｘ射线衍射实验测量了Ｚｎ－５Ａｌ共晶合金超塑性变形后Ａｌ相和Ｚｎ相的点阵常数,结果表明,Ａｌ相晶格收缩,Ｚｎ相晶格膨胀,根据程氏理论的解释,这一现象是由于相界面电子的量子力学波函数连续的条件引起的,因此是一各量子效应。     

机械合金化法制备简单金属合金玻璃的研究

将晶态Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ、Ａｌ元素粉末混合，用机械合金化方法制备了Ｍｇ－Ｚｎ、Ａｌ－Ｍｇ合金玻璃。用Ｘ射线衍射技术测定了不同球磨时间样品的Ｘ射线衍射图谱，分析考察了非晶化的过程及其影响因素，讨论了重新晶化的现象．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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