非理想开关电容网络的组元电荷状态变量分析法

针对运放的有限增益带宽乘积给SCN带来的非理想效应,引入了非理想运放的SC电路宏模型,定义了非理想运放负端组元割集,根据非理想SCN的连接特点,通过判断各SC积木块中电容支路两端节点的连接情况,在时域和频域分别推导出了非理想SCN的组元电荷状态方程,应用实例进行了仿真,两种方法的结果对比说明了本文算法的可行性.     

寄生电容非灵敏有源开关电容网络的一种CAD算法

将寄生电容非灵敏有源开关电容网络（SCN）划分成若干个子网络，对每个子网络定义了运放负端组元割集；并通过建立组元电荷与子网络输出的关系，得到了组元电荷的状态方程。该方程避开一般方法中，由于变量和支路多而引起计算量和存储量大的问题。     

用SC-nullor模型进行开关电容网络的灵敏度分析

为了方便地得到ＳＣＮ的伴随网络及有效地计算灵敏度,引入了零器模型。当运放的增益为无限大及有限值时,给出了相应的ｎｕｌｏｒ模型和电容－ｎｕｌｏｒ模型,进而将原ＳＣＮ化为ＳＣ－ｎｕｌｏｒ网络。并提出了得到其伴随网络的方法和特点,根据这些特点导出了输出量对电容和运放增益的灵敏度的计算公式。文中还给出了一种高效率求解ＳＣ－ｎｕｌｏｒ网络及其伴随网络的方法——组元电荷状态变量法,并用实例进行了验证。     

开关电容网络CAD的一种算法

本文给出一种比较完善、实用的开关电容网络(SCN)的分析方法——“(?)割集电荷状态变量法”。该方法巧妙地避开了一般方法中由于变量多而引起的计算量和内存大的问题,因此特别适用于高阶SCN的分析。文中还采用了“电压代替电荷”的措施,使之能适用于含有任何受控元件的电路。在与N相位SCN灵敏度分析方法相比较的基础上,本文还建立了适用于双相SCN的伴随网络灵敏度的分析公式。几种典型SCN的机辅分析结果,证明了文中所提方法的正确性。     

非理想开关电容网络的双图分析法

本文提出了非理想开关电容网络(SCN)分析的新方法——双图分析法。通过一定近似,我们在电压-电荷域形成方程,把连续系统转为离散系统求解,且这种方法能直接用来分析理想开关屯容网络。我们还采取措施消除了系统方程的奇异性,使本文的方法适合于分析任意输入、任意拓扑、任意开关相数的开关电容网络,且具有存储量少、运算速度快等优点。     

多输入端运算放大器加减电路的分析方法

本文阐述了一种用于多输入端运算放大器加减电路的计算规则。当运放两个输入端均有多路信号输入时,利用本规则可以很方便地求取其传输特性,该规则简单、明确、行之有效。     

集成运放构成的4种负反馈放大电路性能分析

用方框图分析法分析了由集成运算放大器构成的4种负反馈放大器的性能，包括输入、输出电阻和增益。导出了可用工程计算和设计的一组近似公式。讨论了集成运放和电路元件参数对负反馈放大器的影响，并与理想运放分析得出的结果进行了比较。     

基于电阻平衡条件的同相求和运算电路设计

从运放输入端电阻平衡条件出发,分析了一些文献给出的一般形式同相求和运算电路的运算关系式及各输入信号比例系数之和与平衡电阻、反馈电阻的关系,目的是探索同相求和运算电路运算关系的简化表达形式及电路的简化形式.结论是在输入端电阻平衡时,各输入信号比例系数之和在大于1、小于1及等于1情况下,同相求和运算电路还可简化.所述方法的创新点是将运放输入端电阻的平衡条件转化为各输入信号比例系数之和的关系,从而可直观确定简化电路形式,解决了"同相求和电路的应用不如反相求和电路应用广泛"的问题.     

含有非理想运放的开关电容网络的分析

本文提出了一种对含非理想运放的开关电容网络进行精确分析的方法,此法是以运放单极点模型为基础,建立 Z 域的非理想运放的两图模型,从而有效地对运放的有限直流增益及有限增益带宽的影响进行系统分析.本文方法适合对任意开关电容网络进行分析,且由于考虑了运放之间的反馈影响,能够得到比一般分析较精确的结果。文中所提出的方法已由软件(SCNAP—1)实现,其分析结果与有关文献结论一致.     

采用SC与运放幅度比较器的负阻模拟器

本文提出了一种新的负阻模拟电路的设想。该电路采用SC电路及运放幅度比较器组合结构,通过幅度比较器与SC进行电流换向,从而在电路输入端获得与输入电压反向的输入电流,在输入端获得一个等效负阻。由于电路采用SC电路及运算放大器,因而极易于集成化,这是它的最大优点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.