Effects of niacin on nitric oxide synthase expression in rat lungs exposed to silica

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of niacin in diet on the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in rat lungs of the animal model of silicosis established by direct tracheal instillation of silica particles into rat lungs surgically. The niacin concentration in serum was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein in paraffin-embedded lung sections was determined by streptavidin/peroxidase (SP) staining. Quantitative analysis by Image-Pro Plus was also performed on the expression of iNOS. The results showed that niacin concentration in serum of the niacin-treated rats was significantly higher than that in the control and silica-treated rats. After 7 days of silica instillation, iNOS integrated optical density (IOD) in rat lungs and total NOS and iNOS activities in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in silica-treated rats rose by 273420.75, 2.61 units/mL and 1.89 units/mL respectively, when compared with those in the control rats. Niacin treatment significantly reduced silica-induced iNOS IOD in rat lung tissues and total NOS and iNOS activities in BALF supernatant by 248292.35, 1.50 units/mL and 0.91 units/mL, respectively, as compared with those in silica-treated rats. Therefore, niacin can effectively attenuate the pathological expression of NOS in rat lung tissues induced by silica particles.     

Abnormal expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in Duchenne muscular dystrophy muscles

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal genetic disease for the youth and children. 8 biopsies of DMD patients were determined and demonstrated that the membrane_binding nitric oxide synthase was enriched in normal skeletal muscles and was little in DMD muscles. The results from Western blot and immunohistochemistry showed that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was overexpressed in DMD muscle fibers, while a small amount of highly localized iNOS can be found in normal fibers. Based on these findings, it is proposed that the mechanism of progressive injury in DMD muscle might be associated with the abnormal expression of iNOS.     

MTA1基因在肝癌细胞系HepG_2及其异质性亚系中表达的差异性

目的:探讨MTA1基因在肝癌细胞系HepG2及其异质性亚系中的表达水平.方法:采用半定量RT-PCR、荧光定量RT-PCR的方法检测3种细胞中MTA1基因的表达差异;Western blotting检测蛋白水平的表达差异;用细胞免疫组织化学方法观察MTA1蛋白的细胞定位.结果:HepG2-H和HepG2细胞株的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均高于HepG2-L细胞株;细胞免疫组化显示3株细胞的MTA1蛋白均定位于细胞核和细胞浆,以细胞核为主.结论:MTA1基因在具有不同转移潜能的肝癌细胞亚系HepG2-H、HepG2-L中的表达具有明显差异.     

HMGA1对肝细胞癌的增殖、迁移和细胞周期的作用影响

目的:探究HMGA1对肝癌细胞增殖、迁移及细胞周期的影响。方法:通过生物信息学、qRT-PCR、蛋白质印迹法分析HMGA1在正常肝组织与肝癌组织、正常肝细胞与肝癌细胞中的表达及其表达量与患者生存期的关系;通过GO和KEGG通路分析HMGA1及其相关基因在肝癌细胞生理活动中可能发挥的作用;MTT、克隆形成、Transwell实验及流式细胞术用于分析下调HMGA1对肝细胞癌的增殖、迁移、凋亡和细胞周期的影响。结果:与正常肝组织比较,肝癌组织HMGA1表达上调,且表达水平与患者生存期呈负相关;筛选得出451个正相关基因和398个负相关基因在TCGA-LIHC和GSE15765两个数据集中都具有统计学意义,KEGG和GO分析结果表明HMGA1及其相关基因参与组成细胞组分,并主要影响肿瘤细胞的分裂增殖、转录调控、氧化还原过程和代谢过程等;下调HMGA1抑制肝癌细胞的细胞活力、迁移,诱导细胞凋亡并阻滞细胞周期;敲低HMGA1使肿瘤体积缩小、重量减轻。结论:HMGA1可能作为原癌基因促进肝癌细胞的生长。     

MSH2 is required for cell proliferation, cell cycle control and cell invasiveness in colorectal cancer cells

We have investigated the role of MSH2,a mismatch repair gene in cell proliferation,cell cycle control and cell invasiveness in the SW480 human colorectal cancer cell line.RNAi-mediated inhibition of MSH2 expression was achieved using MSH2 shRNA lentiviral expression vectors.Effective knockdown of endogenous MSH2 expression was determined by real-time PCR analysis.The most efficient MSH2 knockdown vector was selected for subsequent studies using SW480 cells.Endogenous MSH2 mRNA levels decreased after lentiviral delivery of the MSH2-RNAi,indicating efficient silencing of MSH2 expression in SW480 cells.Cell proliferation,cell cycle progression and cell invasiveness were quantified by MTT assays,flow cytometry and transwell assays,respectively.RNAi-mediated inhibition of MSH2 expression in SW480 cells resulted in decreased cell proliferation,cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and decreased cell invasiveness.Taken together,these results provide evidence that MSH2 stimulates cell proliferation,promotes cell cycle progression and positively regulates cell invasiveness.     

P53和MDM2蛋白表达对肝细胞肝癌预后判断的意义

目的 :研究肝细胞肝癌中突变型P5 3和MDM2蛋白的表达对临床预后判断的意义。方法 :应用免疫组织化学方法 ,检测 72例原发性肝细胞肝癌手术切除标本突变型P5 3、MDM2蛋白的表达 ;与临床病理学指标和术后生存期进行分析比较。结果 :突变型P5 3蛋白阳性 2 8例(38 89% ) ,MDM2蛋白阳性 2 3例 (31 94 % ) ,二者阳性表达有相关性 (r =0 2 4 8,P <0 0 5 )。突变型P5 3、MDM2蛋白阳性表达病例生存率明显低于突变型P5 3、MDM2蛋白阴性表达病例 (P <0 0 1)。突变型P5 3和MDM2蛋白表达均阳性病例 13例 (18 0 6 % ) ,中位生存期的生存率最低。单因素及多因素分析显示 ,突变型P5 3蛋白表达、MDM2蛋白表达、肿瘤大小与中位生存期的生存率有关 ,MDM2是统计学上最有意义的独立预后指标 (P <0 0 0 0 1)。结论 :应用免疫组织化学方法检测突变型P5 3和MDM2蛋白的表达可作为原发性肝细胞肝癌预后判断的指标。     

Relationships between endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

Objective: To investigate the relationships between endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) G894T and 27 bp-variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women of Chinese Han nationality. Methods: In the present study, 281 postmenopausal women from Xi’an urban area in West China were recruited, and divided into osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups according to the diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis proposed by World Health Organization (WHO). The bone mineral density (BMD) values of lumbar vertebrae and left hips were determined by QDR-2000 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were tested for plasma biochemical indicators including testosterone, estradiol, calcitonin, osteocalcin, and procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase by spectrophotometric method, and the content of nitric oxide by Griess method. Genome DNA was extracted from whole blood, and G894T polymorphism of eNOS gene was analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and 27 bp-VNTR polymorphism of eNOS gene was genotyped by PCR method. Then the relationships between genotypes and biochemical indicators, genotypes and osteoporosis, and haplotypes and osteoporosis were analyzed. Results: The average BMD values of the femoral neck, ward’s triangle and lumbar vertebrae 1~4 (L1~L4) in the subjects with T/T genotype in eNOS G894T locus were significantly higher than those in the subjects with G/T and G/G genotypes (P<0.05). The average BMD of the femoral neck in the subjects with a/a genotype of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR locus was evidently higher than that in the subjects with b/b genotype (P<0.05). The plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations in the subjects of eNOS G894T G/T genotype were evidently higher than those in the subjects of other genotypes (P<0.05); the plasma estradiol concentration in the subjects of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype was obviously higher than that in the subjects of b/b genotype (P<0.01). eNOS G/G homozygous frequencies in osteoporosis women, osteopenia women, and normal women were 85.37%, 76.38%, and 83.87%, respectively (P>0.05). 0% osteoporosis woman, 0.79% osteopenia women, and 3.23% normal women were eNOS a/a homozygous (P<0.05). The frequencies of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a allele were 5.33% in the osteoporosis group, 10.24% in the osteopenia group, and 16.13% in the normal group (P<0.05, odds ratio (OR)=0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.11~0.77), suggesting that a/a genotype and a allele might have protective effects on osteoporosis. The haplotype analysis showed that G-b was 87.7% (214/244) in the osteoporosis group (P<0.05, OR=2.48, 95% CI=1.18~5.18). G-a was 5.3% (13/244) in the osteoporosis group (P<0.05, OR=0.29, 95% CI=0.11~0.77). G-b was a risk factor for osteoporosis, and G-a a protective factor. Conclusion: eNOS G894T G/T genotype influenced the plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations, and T/T genotype influenced BMD. eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype increased plasma estradiol concentration to have a protective effect on osteoporosis.     

siRNA对肺癌细胞株NCI-H460 bcl-2基因表达的影响

目的:研究siRNA (smallinterferenceRNA)对大细胞肺癌细胞株NCI -H4 6 0bcl- 2基因表达的影响。方法:利用Ambion公司提供的设计软件和试剂盒,设计合成以bcl - 2基因为靶标的siRNA ,通过脂质体将合成的siRNA转入NCI-H4 6 0细胞株,设置转染bcl- 2反义药物G3139和空白两对照组。用MTT法检测siRNA对细胞生长的作用;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期的改变和Bcl- 2蛋白表达;RT -PCR检测bcl- 2mRNA水平。结果:siRNA组与对照组细胞存活率均有显著性差异(P <0 0 5 ) ;siRNA组bcl- 2的mRNA明显低于对照组和反义组(P <0 0 5 ) ;siRNA组Bcl- 2蛋白阳性率明显低于对照组和反义组,siRNA组以及反义组细胞阻滞于S期。结论:体外转录合成的siRNA可抑制NCI-H4 6 0细胞bcl- 2基因的表达,抑制率可达5 0 %以上。