PAC-SBR组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

采用PAC-SBR组合工艺处理处理垃圾渗滤液,考察了该工艺对CODcr, BOD,NH3-N的去除效果.实验结果表明:组合工艺对CODCr,BOD5,NH3-N的总去除率分别为89.45%,93.21%,80.77%.其出水水质达到了<生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准>(GB 16889-1997)的Ⅱ级标准.     

硅藻土精强化混凝除磷脱氮

采用烧杯试验,进行了硅藻土精及复配硅藻土精强化混凝技术去除模拟洗浴废水中磷、氮的试验,探讨了低碳可持续脱氮除磷技术.试验结果表明,硅藻土强化聚合氯化铝(PAC)后能够提高废水中的总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)和氨氮(NH3-N)的去除率.当PAC投加量为150 mg/L时,通过混凝工艺对TP,TN和NH3-N去除率分别是91%,6%和21%;采用硅藻土强化PAC混凝工艺对TP,TN和NH3-N去除率分别为95%,58%和26%,相对混凝工艺TP,TN和NH3-N分别提高了4%,49%和5%;复配硅藻土强化PAC混凝工艺对TP,TN和NH3-N去除率分别为95%,42%和64%,相对混凝工艺TP,TN和NH3-N提高了4%,36%和43%.在强化工艺中,对TN的去除受原水中NH3-N含量的影响,.采用硅藻土精及复配硅藻土精强化混凝技术,比采用生物技术脱氮除磷,向大气排放二氧化碳等气体量要少.     

MBR间歇式运行下脱氮除磷性能分析

试验比较了膜生物反应器(MBR)在好氧与间歇运行条件下处理生活污水时的脱氮除磷效果.结果 表明:在进水氮负荷和m(COD):m(TN)值出现较大变化时,间歇式MBR可以通过灵活改变操作条件获得较高的脱氮除磷效果.在总氮和总磷去除方面,间歇式MBR都明显优于好氧式MBR,二者平均去除率分别为63.9%,78.9%和15.34%,34.2%;在NH4 -N去除方面,间歇式MBR平均去除率为87.4%,而好氧式MBR则需要通过外加碱性物质,才能获得较高的去除效果,此时平均去除率为78.7%.     

生物滤池处理微污染原水中氨氮及“氮亏损”影响因素分析

为探讨饮用水生物滤池对NH4+-N去除和"氮亏损"现象的影响因素,测定生物滤池进出水中NH4+-N,NO2--N,NO3--N等指标.结果表明,陶粒生物滤池对NH4+-N的去除率从14.97%到60.99%,活性炭生物滤池对NH4+-N的去除率从16.59%到83.02%;陶粒和活性炭滤池对NH4+-N的去除率都随着流速的增加而降低;陶粒滤池内NH4+-N的去除率随着气水比和C∶N的增加而先增加后下降;NH4+-N的去除率在活性炭滤池内随C∶N的增加而降低,气∶水的增加而增加;气∶水对两种生物滤池中NH4+-N去除的影响最大.陶粒生物滤池氮亏损的量从0.10 mg/L到0.70 mg/L,活性炭生物滤池氮亏损量从0.11 mg/L到1.01 mg/L;氮亏损量随着流速增加而降低,随着气水比增加而增加,随着C∶N的增加而先下降后增加;气水比对陶粒和活性炭生物滤池的氮亏损量影响最大.     

膨胀蛭石用于人工湿地去除氮磷的研究

采用实验室模拟上向流人工湿地的方法研究了系统运行参数对膨胀蛭石去除氮、磷效果的影响.结果表明:膨胀蛭石的吸附作用在运行前期对氮、磷的去除起主要作用,在运行后期,氮、磷去除主要依靠微生物的作用;挂膜膨胀蛭石较未挂膜膨胀蛭石对氮、磷的去除率分别提高了9.8%,9.5%;膨胀蛭石人工湿地中TN,TP的进水质量浓度在0~100 mg/L,0~8 mg/L范围内时,其去除率随进水质量浓度的增大而增大,当进水质量浓度超过这个范围时,填料的吸附作用降低,生物膜的降解作用增强.膨胀蛭石是一种性能优异的人工湿地填料,对其进行人工挂膜可有效增强其去除氮、磷的能力.     

复合沸石吸氮系统控制暴雨径流污染

为控制滇池流域暴雨径流污染,研究沸石内部孔隙结构,利用沸石对氨氮的吸附作用和物化、生物作用,构建以沸石为填料的人工湿地系统。试验运行结果表明,对暴雨水中NH+4-N平均去除率85%以上,去除机理主要是沸石对NH+4-N的选择吸附作用;对NO-3-N去除主要以反硝化作用去除为主,并且碳源量制约系统去除NO-3-N能力。植物可提高系统除氮率5%左右。该系统停留时间短、能高效去除溶解性氮,对高负荷暴雨径流污染有明显的去除效果。     

三级渗滤系统控制农业径流污染的试验

为明确渗滤系统在控制农业径流污染中的拦截削减性能,在重庆市万州高峰镇鹿山河旁建立三级渗滤系统,开展了农业径流污染净化效果的试验。结果显示,系统对SS、NH4+-N、TN和TP具有较好的去除效果,平均去除率可分别达到80%、78%、37%及48%。污染物浓度沿系统各级逐渐降低,TN、NH4+-N的去除率沿程逐渐趋缓,TP、SS去除率沿程没有明显减缓的趋势。系统第一级对氮的去除以颗粒态为主,第二、三级以溶解态为主;系统第一、二级对磷的去除以颗粒态为主,第三级对颗粒态磷与溶解态磷的去除比例相近。系统第一级对各污染物的去除效率最高,硝化作用较强;第二级TN、NH4+-N的去除率与第一级相比依然较高;第三级NH4+-N、TN、TP去除率较低,但SS的去除效率与第二级相当。     

钙镁复配药剂对污水的除磷脱氮作用

针对高氮磷含量污水处理,以钙镁合剂利用化学沉淀法对滤液进行除磷脱氮实验。分析钙镁合剂除磷脱氮的机制,考察NaOH投加量和钙镁药剂复配投加量的影响,得到最佳工艺条件。结果表明:实验中NaOH、MgCl_2和CaCl_2的质量浓度分别为150、60和40 mg/L时,污水中总磷(TP)去除率达到90%,总氮(TN)和NH_3-N去除率达到25%;动态小试试验中选取NaOH、MgCl_2和CaCl_2的质量浓度分别为105、48和24 mg/L时,TP去除率达到90%,TN和NH_3-N去除率达到30%;Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)在一定条件下与PO~-_4、NH~+_4等基团发生反应,生成磷酸铵镁以及羟基磷酸钙沉淀,从而达到除磷脱氮效果。     

UBF-BAF固定化微生物系统处理中老龄垃圾渗滤液的研究

采用新型复合工艺UBF-BAF固定化微生物系统处理中老龄垃圾渗滤液.实验表明,在渗滤液进水CODCr和NH4 -N浓度范围分别为6000-14500mg/L和880-1500mg/L的条件下,出水CODCr浓度低于400mm/L,NH4 -N浓度低于10mg/L;CODCr、NH4 -N和TIN平均去除率分别达到93.8%、97.3%和84.1%左右.系统最佳水力停留时间为84h.系统中高游离氨浓度没有对污染物去除效率造成影响.采用GC/MS对低分子量有机污染物成分进行分析,结果表明出水中有机污染物种类明显减少,大部分有机物得到了有效去除.另一方面系统中生物量大,生物种类丰富,含有短杆菌、长杆菌和球菌等.该系统在渗滤液没有经过预处理、污染物浓度变化很大的情况下,能实现高污染物去除率,证明其处理垃圾渗滤液是可行的.     

固定化栅藻对市政污水中氮、磷营养盐的深度净化

利用固定化藻类的生物富积作用净化污水中的氮和磷，将栅藻包埋固定在褐藻酸钙凝胶胶球中，对人工污水进行深度净化．研究藻细胞年龄和饥饿处理时间对污水中NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P的净化效率以及净化过程中藻类叶绿索a含量变化．结果表明：静止初期藻细胞对NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P去除率比指数末期高，处理5d后，静止初期细胞对NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P的去除率分别为76．7％及91．7％，指数末期细胞氮、磷的去除率分别为75．4％和88．7%；饥饿处理可明显提高藻细胞对NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P的去除效率，藻细胞饥饿时间对NH4^＋-N和PO4^3--P去除率的影响大小依次为48h，72h，24h，0h．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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