More on the need for circadian,circaseptan and circannual optimization of cyclosporine therapy

Summary Cyclosporine chronotherapy of pancreas-allotransplanted rats revealed, beyond a circadian stage-dependence of equal daily doses, further gain in graft function from doses varying from day to day with an about 7-day periodicity, the first highest dose being given on the 3rd or 5th day after surgery.     

More on the need for circadian, circaseptan and circannual optimization of cyclosporine therapy

Cyclosporine chronotherapy of pancreas-allotransplanted rats revealed, beyond a circadian stage-dependence of equal daily doses, further gain in graft function from doses varying from day to day with an about 7-day periodicity, the first highest dose being given on the 3rd or 5th day after surgery.     

Development of thermoregulation in the newborn lesser bushbaby (Galago senegalensis moholi,Smith 1839)

Summary The temperature-regulating system in bushbabies operates from the 1st day of life. The postnatal metabolism decreases from the 5th (2.9 ml O₂/g·h) to the 140th day (0.7 ml O₂/g·h) to the level of the adults.This work was undertaken with the aid of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Prof. Dr. E.Kulzer.     

Quantitative Bestimmung von RNS-Fraktionen im Gehirn frisch geschlüpfter Bienen (Apis mellifica)

Summary In the brain of the honeybee (Apis mellifica), it was found that the rRNA content decreases rapidly during the first 2 days of adult life. An increase is observed from days 3 to 5, followed by another decrease to a level inferior to that of day 2 to 3. Except for a rise on the 5th day, 4s RNA remains constant. An unidentified RNA fraction of low molecular weight (D) sharply decreases on day 5. The possibility is discussed that these results reflect changes in RNA metabolism that can be related to the sequences of activity observed in the bees during the first 9 days after hatching.     

Ontogenetic analysis of the theta rhythm during paradoxical sleep in rats]

In the rat, an ontogenetic study of theta rhythm during paradoxical sleep shows a clear evolution between the 14th and the 30th postnatal day. During this period, its mean frequency increases from 5 to 7 cycles per second, and its spectrum shows significant changes. These parameters (mean frequency and spectral components) of the theta rhythm could be a useful index of brain maturation in the rat.     

Sexual differences in the development of plasma thyroxine levels in the embryo and young chick]

Plasma thyroxine (T4) levels were separately ascertained in male and female embryo and young chicken from the 12th day of incubation till the 4th day after hatching by the thyroxine binding globulin technique. In both sexes, plasma T4 reach a peak the 20th day of incubation, but values are significantly higher in females. A sharp decrease occurred thereafter, plasma T4 tending toward adult values the 4th day after hatching.     

Luteolytic action of LHRH in women]

Several subcutaneous administrations of 250 microgram of LHRH (4 or 5 adminstrations at 4-hourly intervals per day) between the 2nd and 7th day post-ovulation in 4 normal women led to early luteolysis as demonstrated by a fall in serum progesterone concentration and early onset (2 to 3 days earlier) of menstruation.     

Steady-state distribution of lithium during cultivation of dissociated brain cells

Summary The formation of a steady-state intracellular lithium level was studied in the course of cultivation of dissociated nerve cell cultures obtained from chick embryonic brains. When lithium was given at a concentration of 2 mM, in the nutrient medium, at day 5, a steady state intracellular lithium content was achieved after about 30 min of incubation and it did not change significantly during the time of cultivation up to the 13th day in vitro.Acknowledgment. We thank Dr Latzkovits for useful advice and helping in methodology.     

酶消化结合组织块培养法用于颞下颌关节盘组织工程细胞扩增的初步研究

目的采用酶消化结合组织块培养法对山羊颞下颌关节（temporomandibular joint，TMJ）盘细胞进行体外培养和扩增，探索TMJ关节盘细胞体外培养及扩增的新方法。方法在无菌条件下，切取一月龄山羊TMJ关节盘，剪至1．0mm^3的碎块，用0．25％胰酶、0．01％I型胶原酶消化关节盘组织块，将消化好的组织块置入6孔板中培养。在倒置显微镜下连续观察细胞的形态变化及贴壁率，甲苯胺蓝染色、I型胶原免疫组化染色进行细胞鉴定，测定其生长曲线。结果原代培养的关节盘纤维软骨细胞4天可观察到贴壁细胞，7天贴壁细胞逐渐增多，第10天时细胞彼此相连，铺满平底，细胞以梭形为主，部分多角形。传代后12小时贴壁率达90％，大部分为多角形，4～5天即可长满瓶底。甲苯胺蓝染色可见异染颗粒，胶原免疫纽化染色胞浆内可见棕黄色颗粒。结论酶消化结合组织块培养法培养的山羊TMJ关节盘细胞具有较强的增殖能力，可作为TMJ关节盘组织工程中获取大量原代细胞的实用方法。     

Autoradiographic study of proliferative activity and cell migration in the adrenal cortex in fetal and neonatal rats]

On the 20th day of fetal life the cell proliferation is higher in the zona glomerulosa. The fate of marked cells in each cell compartment shows centripetal migration. Their displacement, from the 20th day of pregnancy up to five days post-partum, while at that time the adrenal growth is slowered down, suggests a real migration.     

Demonstration of a basal lamina in cocultures of thyroid cells and embryonal swine skin cells]

Porcine thyroid and embryo skin cells were isolated and cultured. Cultures from each kind of cells, as well as cocultures were fixed twice a week for electron microscopy. On day 8th a basal lamina like material appears only in the cocultures, along the basal plasmalemma of the reassociated thyroid cells. This amorphous material increases up to day 17th.     

Electrophoretic profiles of proteins and glycoproteins of chick embryo fibroblasts during development]

The variations of proteins and glycoproteins of Chick embryo fibroblasts are studied during development. This investigation is carried out using polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis in SDS. Two glycoproteins of high apparent molecular weight (250,000 and 200,000) undergo quantitative modification: they increase from the 8th to 12th day of development and then remain unchanged to the 16th day. They are cell surface components as suggested by fluorescamine labelling and trypsin sensitivity. The results are discussed in terms of relationship between tumor- and embryo cells.     

Über den Einfluss von Acetylcholin auf das Membranpotential denervierter Rattenzwerchfelle

Summary The membran potential of isolated rat-diaphragms has been measured by means of intracellular micro-electrodes, in order to study changes of the resting potential and of the depolarizing action of acetylcholine after section of the phrenic nerve. Within 80 days after denervation, the membrane potential was found to fall exponentially from 87 mV to 66 mV. The action of acetylcholine, on the other hand, was found to be independent of the duration of denervation: between the 4th and the 80th day of denervation: 10^–5g/ml acetylcholine always caused the membrane potential to fall by an average of the 9 mV.     

Mastocytosis in suckling mice.

In suckling mice injected intraperitoneally with mitomycin C on the 1st to 5th day after birth and sacrificed in the course of 24 or 48 h after injection, mastocytosis occurred in the oral mucosa membrane, skin of the trunk or extremities and bone marrow of extremities.     

Mastocytosis in suckling mice

Summary In suckling mice injected intraperitoneally with mitomycin C on the 1st to 5th day after birth and sacrificed in the course of 24 or 48 h after injection, mastocytosis occurred in the oral mucosa membrane, skin of the trunk or extremities and bone marrow of extremities.     

Reversible impairment of hepatobiliary function induced by streptozotocin in the rat

The effect of streptozotocin (SZ) on hepatobiliary function was studied in rats on the 1st, 7th and 15th days of treatment. Serum glucose increased significantly on the 1st day, and then remained high. Bile flow, bile acids output and BSP biliary excretion were significantly decreased on the 1st day of treatment, whereas serum sorbitol dehydrogenase was increased. All the parameters tested apart from serum glucose tended to normalize with time. The results suggested a transient toxic effect of SZ on the hepatocyte.     

Glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes and plasma of rats during pregnancy and lactation

Summary The glutathione peroxidase activity in the plasma of rats on the 20th day of pregnancy was found to be 50% lower than in nulliparous control animals. During lactation, the level rose again but was still significantly different from that of the control rats on the 20th day post partum. The erythrocyte enzyme activity remained unchanged.Acknowledgments. We should like to thank Dr A. Wendel, Physiologisches Institut der Universität Tübingen, for his advice on carrying out the glutathione peroxidase assay.     

Stimulation of peripheral guinea pig blood lymphocytes by autologous epidermal cells]

Using a strictly autologous (and not syngeneic) mixed culture system in the guinea-pig, it was shown that Mitomycin C treated ear epidermal cells (E) were capable of stimulating peripheral blood lymphocytes (L) from the same animal. The proliferative response of the lymphocytes as measured by 3H thymidine incorporation, is optimal on the 5th day of culture, and when the ratio of the concentrations of the two cell populations (L : E) is 1 : 1. The autoreactivity of the lymphocytes varies with the animal.     

Calmodulin in epithelial intestinal cells during rat development

Calmodulin was immunocytochemically localized in the brush borders of rat intestinal epithelial cells from the tip to the base of the villi, from day 18 of fetal life up to the adult stage. The early (14th day) fetal cells, like the adult crypt cells, were not immunoreactive, although their calmodulin content was equal to that of the mature cells from the tips of the villi.     

Calmodulin in epithelial intestinal cells during rat development

Summary Calmodulin was immunocytochemically localized in the brush borders of rat intestinal epithelial cells from the tip to the base of the villi, from day 18 of fetal life up to the adult stage. The early (14th day) fetal cells, like the adult crypt cells, were not immunoreactive, although their calmodulin content was equal to that of the mature cells from the tips of the villi.