高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀判断模型

基于对炉缸炉底衬砖破损机理的分析，采用有限元法建立了炉缸炉底侵蚀判断数学模型。该模型用于推定炉缸炉底的１１５０℃等温线（侵蚀参考线），并结合知识库中的操作知识对护炉操作进行指导，以维护合理的操作炉型。     

石钢三号高炉应用放射性同位素测量炉缸和炉底的侵蚀情况

本文对装有放射性同位素的石钢三号炉的炉缸和炉底的侵蚀情况进行了测定,从测定的结果中对该炉目前的炉襯状况进行了分析与判断,并对该炉炉缸和炉底的结构、维修以及进一步完善测量设备提出意见。     

基于死焦堆受力模型的高炉炉缸炉底温度差异

调研国内2座大型高炉,发现炉缸与炉底温度关系存在差异,高炉A炉缸、炉底温度变化趋势相反,而高炉B炉缸与炉底温度变化趋势一致。利用死焦堆受力平衡模型,分析国内4座高炉的死焦堆浮起状态、炉缸炉底温度或者侵蚀的差异。研究结果发现,高炉内部死焦堆浮起高度会影响炉缸侧壁、炉底温度关系,进而影响其侵蚀形貌。高炉A死焦堆浮起高度明显大于高炉B死焦堆浮起高度,导致高炉A和B炉缸、炉底温度变化关系不一致。渣液面高度和死焦堆的空隙率会影响死焦堆的浮起高度,分析不同因素导致空隙率减小时的死焦堆浮起状态。死焦堆沉坐炉底时,炉缸、炉底温度变化趋势相反;死焦堆小幅度浮起时,炉缸、炉底温度变化一致;死焦堆大幅度浮起时,炉缸、炉底温度变化趋势相反。     

连退炉内炉辊热变形对带钢瓢曲变形的影响

利用有限元法,采用单锥度辊作为炉辊初始辊形,分别通过热应力计算和屈曲分析,连续退火炉加热段和快冷段内炉辊热变形及其对带钢瓢曲变形的影响.研究结果表明:在加热段,炉辊热变形后,随着炉辊温差的增大,炉辊形状分别为双锥度辊、单锥度辊和“M”型辊,且炉辊总锥度随温差增大而减小:当炉辊温差在一定范围之内时,炉辊热变形对防止带钢瓢曲变形有利:在快冷段,炉辊热变形后,炉辊变为双锥度辊,随炉辊温差的增大,炉辊总锥度变大,且带钢更容易发生瓢曲变形.基于计算分析,从炉辊热变形角度考虑,对加热段和快冷段的炉辊的温差控制及炉辊选择给出了合理的建议.     

电石炉炉底温度控制与节能

电石炉炉底温度是反映炉内温度的一个重要参数，炉底温度高，利于生产，但可能烧坏炉底设备。强制冷却以降低炉底温度是必要的，但操作不当往往会造成温度过低增加热量消耗。文章介绍了合理控制风冷装置，保持最佳炉底温度的方法     

影响冲天炉炉缸送风量因素的模化研究

炉缸送风是强化冲天炉熔炼的方法之一,而炉缸送风量的多少直接关系到金属元素的烧损,在生产上需要寻找最惠炉缸送风量的数值。从这个设想出发,作者在根据相似原理自行设计的内径为200毫米的模化冲天炉上研究了总送风量、炉料块度、过桥尺寸和放气管尺寸等四个因素对炉缸送风量的影响。研究结果认为:①从风带流入前炉和后炉的气体所遇到的阻力的大小是影响前炉放气量的主要因素。实验判明,在其他条件均不变时,炉料块越小,后炉的阻力越大,于是送往前炉的炉气量就越多。②当流往后炉和前炉的炉气温度相同时,总送风量对前炉和后炉风量分配比是没有影响的。③当炉气在后炉和前炉的各部分流动时,何处的阻力最大(成了限制性环节),则该处的阻力变化对放气量的影响也就最大。因而,在生产上可将限制前炉放气量的决定性环节安设在放气管上,用变动放气管上阀门的开启程度来正确地控制放气量的数值。     

边界元方法建立高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀模型

采用边界元方法建立了某大型高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀判定的数学模型,该模型用于推定高炉炉底１１５０℃等温线的位置和形状,以了解和分析炉缸炉底的破损情况,结果表明,边界元方法在近似单一介质热传导问题所中建立的数学模型用来预测高炉炉缸炉侵蚀状况,有省时,精度可控的优点。     

碳化硅单晶炉真空泄漏的检测方法

SiC(碳化硅)单晶炉炉室真空密闭性能是衡量单晶炉设备性能好坏的重要因素。在使用单晶炉和维护过程中,采用不同的工艺循序渐进地对单晶炉真空密闭性能进行检验,可提高单晶炉设备的性能。     

汉钢2号高炉炉缸烧漏事故调查分析

对汉钢2#高炉炉缸烧漏事故进行了调查分析,认为炉缸烧漏的主原因是一代炉龄到期,炉缸炉底碳砖侵蚀严重,又加上冶炼含有铅锌的原料,导致炉缸炉底铅富集,加速碳砖破损,从而导致炉缸烧漏,并提出今后应采取的措施和建议。     

基于边界元法的高炉炉底炉缸侵蚀模型

通过边界元法建立了高炉炉底炉缸传热数学模型．采用基尔霍夫变换把非线性问题转化为线性问题，解决了利用边界元法建立高炉炉底炉缸侵蚀模型把导热系数看成常数而造成计算精度下降的问题．求解控制高炉炉底炉缸传热过程的热传导方程，再通过正交试验的方法确定满足实测边界温度分布的侵蚀边界．该模型可在线预测高炉炉底炉缸1150℃等温线的位置和形状，以了解和分析炉底炉缸的破损情况．结果表明，监测点热电偶温度值和模型计算值吻合较好．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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