对醛基苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

酪氨酸酶是一种同时具有单酚酶和二酚酶活力的酶．对醛基苯甲酸(ABA)对蘑菇酪氨酸酶活力的影响研究结果表明：ABA只对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的二酚酶活性有抑制作用．而对单酚酶没抑制作用．ABA对二酚酶的抑制作用显示浓度关系，测定导致酶活力下降50％的抑制剂浓度(IC50)为0．98mmol／L．ABA对二酚酶的效应为可逆的非竞争性的抑制．抑制常数K1为0．94mmol／L．本得到的结果与苯甲酸和苯甲醛的效应进行了比较．     

苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶抑制作用机理的研究

报道了苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力的影响以及抑制作用机理.研究结果表明,苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性均有抑制作用,其效应为可逆抑制效应.测定导致单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)分别为1.20和1.00mmol/L.苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的迟滞时间有明显的延长效应,4mmol/L苯甲酸使得单酚酶的迟滞时间从42s延长到200s.测定苯甲酸对二酚酶的抑制作用表现为非竞争性抑制类型,测定抑制常数为0.95mmol/L.苯甲酸与酶的结合导致天然酶的内源荧光的量子产率下降,但荧光发射峰没有位移.作者提出抑制剂与酶分子的作用模型.     

5-甲氧基水杨醛对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

酪氨酸酶是生物体合成黑色素的关键酶.实验发现:5-甲氧基水杨醛对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力均有抑制作用;5-甲氧基水杨醛对酪氨酸酶单酚酶活力的影响表现为对酶稳态活力的抑制作用,和对迟滞时间的延长作用,2.0mmol/L的5-甲氧基水杨醛使得单酚酶的稳态酶活力下降68%,并使迟滞时间从107 s延长到160 s;对二酚酶的抑制作用为可逆效应,半抑制率(IC50)为2.45 mmol/L,抑制类型表现为混合型机理,其抑制常数KI和KIS分别为1.426和7.766 mmol/L.通过研究5-甲氧基水杨醛对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理,为进一步研究设计新型酪氨酸酶抑制剂奠定基础.     

鞣酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

酪氨酸酶是一种同时具有单酚酶和二酚酶活力的氧化酶．研究鞣酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶活力的影响，结果表明鞣酸对蘑菇酪氮酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性都有抑制作用．鞣酸对单酚酶活力的影响主要表现于它能显著延长酶作用的迟滞时间．而对稳态活力的影响不大．2．0μmol／L鞣酸可以使单酚酶的迟滞时间从104．7s延长到333．6s．增大2倍以上．而酶的稳态活力仅下降19．8％．鞣酸对二酚酶的抑制作用显示浓度效应．测定导致酶活力下降50％的抑制剂浓度（IC50）为65μmol／L．鞣酸对二酚酶的效应为可逆的竞争性的抑制．抑制常数K1为36．3μmol／L．     

几种苯甲酸族化合物对菜青虫多酚氧化酶的抑制作用

以菜青虫五龄幼虫为材料,分离提取多酚氧化酶,研究对醛基苯甲酸(a)、对甲氧基苯甲酸(b)、对异丙基苯甲酸(c)、对环已基苯甲酸(d)、对氟苯甲酸(e)、对氯苯甲酸(f)和对溴苯甲酸(g)等苯甲酸族化合物,对该酶催化L-多巴(L-DOPA)氧化活力的影响.测定(a),(b),(c),(d)和(f)抑制作用的IC50分别为10.63、12.22、1.75、2.10和6.64 mmol/L,而(e)和(g)则没有明显的抑制效果.研究上述效应物的抑制作用动力学,结果表明:(a)、(c)和(f)对酶的作用表现为竞争性抑制,其抑制常数分别为6.74、1.08和3.94 mmol/L;(b)和(d)对酶的抑制作用表现为非竞争性类型,其抑制常数分别为13.11和2.21 mmol/L.     

曲酸作为化妆品添加剂的增白作用机理研究

以曲酸为效应物,研究对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力的影响.结果表明,曲酸对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性均有抑制作用,其效应为可逆抑制效应.测定导致单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)分别为31.0和20.0μmol/L.曲酸对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的迟滞时间有明显的延长效应,60μmol/L曲酸使得单酚酶的迟滞时间从52s延长到390s.曲酸对二酚酶的抑制作用表现为混合型抑制类型,抑制常数KI和KIS分别为13.0和100.0μmol/L.曲酸和酶的结合导致天然酶的内源荧光的量子产率下降,但荧光发射峰没有位移.通过曲酸对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用研究阐明曲酸作为化妆品添加剂的增白作用机理.     

熊果甙作为化妆品添加剂对酪氨酸酶抑制作用

熊果甙(Arbutin)作为化妆品添加剂具有增白效果，主要是由于它对皮肤酪氨酸酶有抑制作用．本文研究了熊果甙对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力的抑制效应．结果表明．熊果甙对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用表现为可逆抑制效应．熊果甙对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的效应主要表现于迟滞时间有明显的延长．但对稳态酶活力的影响不显著．160mmol／L熊果甙使得单酚酶的迟滞时间从82s延长到430s，增大4．24倍．稳态酶活力仅下降16％．熊果甙对二酚酶的抑制作用显示浓度关系．测定导致酶活力下降50％的抑制剂浓度(IC50)为5．30mmol／L．其抑制作用为竞争性类型，抑制常数K1为2．98mmol／L．本文通过研究熊果甙对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理．阐明了熊果甙作为化妆品添加剂的增白作用机理．     

硫代硫酸钠对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

酪氨酸酶是生物形成黑色素的关键酶,该酶抑制剂在果蔬防褐和色素沉着性疾病方面具有重要的应用前景.对酪氨酸酶抑制剂筛选时,发现硫代硫酸钠对酪氨酸酶有明显抑制作用.用酶动力学方法研究硫代硫酸钠对酪氨酸酶单酚酶和二酚酶活力的抑制效应,结果表明:硫代硫酸钠对酪氨酸酶单酚酶和二酚酶均有抑制作用;对单酚酶表现为降低酶稳定态活性,延长酶促反应迟滞时间;对二酚酶活力的抑制表现为浓度依赖关系,其抑制酪氨酸酶活力下降50%的抑制浓度(IC50)为8.80mmol/L.动力学分析表明:硫代硫酸钠对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用为可逆非竞争性抑制,抑制常数为5.674mmol/L.     

对氰基苯酚对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

报道了对氰基苯酚对蘑菇酪氨酸酶单酚酶和二酚酶活力的抑制效应.结果表明,对氰基苯酚对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用表现为可逆抑制作用,对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的效应主要表现于迟滞时间有明显的延长,对稳态酶活力有显著抑制作用.0.50mmol/L对氰基苯酚使得单酚酶的迟滞时间从18s延长到80s,增大4.4倍,稳态酶活力下降80%.对氰基苯酚对二酚酶的抑制作用显示浓度关系,测定导致酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)为0.80mmol/L,其抑制作用为竞争性类型,抑制常数KI为0.31mmol/L.通过研究对氰基苯酚对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理,试图寻找新型的有增白作用的化妆品添加剂.     

N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶活力的影响

研究几种抗菌药物对凡纳滨对虾壳膜N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAGase,EC 3.2.1.52)活力的影响.结果表明,诺氟沙星和磺胺甲噁唑对该酶活力有不同程度的抑制作用,盐酸环丙沙星对此酶有激活作用,而青霉素钾、链霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、磺胺嘧啶等对酶活力基本上没有影响;磺胺甲噁唑的抑制作用最为显著,导致酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)为0.094 mg/mL.抑制作用动力学研究结果表明,磺胺甲噁唑对酶的抑制作用为混合型可逆抑制,其抑制常数KI为5.98 mg/mL,对酶-底物络合物的抑制常数KIS为13.08 mg/mL.该研究对凡纳滨对虾的人工养殖具有一定的参考价值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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