关于奇优美图及奇强协调图的一点注记

讨论了奇优美图及奇强协调图的必要条件,证明了完全偶图Km,n是奇优美图及奇强协调图。     

Signature inversion in odd odd 76 Rb, 80 Rb

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Winners don't punish

A key aspect of human behaviour is cooperation. We tend to help others even if costs are involved. We are more likely to help when the costs are small and the benefits for the other person significant. Cooperation leads to a tension between what is best for the individual and what is best for the group. A group does better if everyone cooperates, but each individual is tempted to defect. Recently there has been much interest in exploring the effect of costly punishment on human cooperation. Costly punishment means paying a cost for another individual to incur a cost. It has been suggested that costly punishment promotes cooperation even in non-repeated games and without any possibility of reputation effects. But most of our interactions are repeated and reputation is always at stake. Thus, if costly punishment is important in promoting cooperation, it must do so in a repeated setting. We have performed experiments in which, in each round of a repeated game, people choose between cooperation, defection and costly punishment. In control experiments, people could only cooperate or defect. Here we show that the option of costly punishment increases the amount of cooperation but not the average payoff of the group. Furthermore, there is a strong negative correlation between total payoff and use of costly punishment. Those people who gain the highest total payoff tend not to use costly punishment: winners don't punish. This suggests that costly punishment behaviour is maladaptive in cooperation games and might have evolved for other reasons.     

论自信的养成

自信是现代社会对人才素质的基本要求,自信是个体成长、成熟、成才、成功的重要心理品质.自信的养成途径有:展示优势,充分挖掘潜能;悦纳劣势,主动克服或补偿;积极地自我暗示;坦然地接受失败并尝试改变;别在乎别人的评价;确立恰当的目标;培养乐观幽默的个性.     

奇Hamilton李超代数偶部到奇部的导子

针对特征大于3域上有限维奇Hamilton型李超代数偶部到奇部的导子问题,首先利用偶部的生成元集,通过计算导子在其生成元集上的作用,确定了偶部到奇部的负Z-齐次导子.然后应用偶部的性质,得到了偶部到奇部的非负Z-齐次导子;进而奇Hamilton李超代数偶部到奇部的导子得以刻画.所得结果对于进一步研究李超代数的结构、表示和分类有重要意义.     

奇Contact李超代数偶部到奇部的导子

在特征p＞3的情况下,首先确定了奇Contact李超代数偶部的生成元集,然后通过计算方法确定了奇Contact李超代数偶部到奇部的Z-次数为-1,-2,-3的导子.     

一类二部图的奇优美性

设L为简单无向图G的一个顶点标号,L称为图G的奇优美标号,若L满足:1)L为G的顶点集V到{0,1,…,2|E|-1}的一个单射;2)由L'(e)=|L(u)-L(v)|(其中e=uv)决定的边标号L'是从G的边集E到{1,3,…,2|E|-1}的一个双射.根据奇优美图的定义,研究了一类二部图G*的奇优美标号.     

奇完全数的研究进展

主要从奇完全数的基本形式、奇完全数的素因子、奇完全数的下界估计、奇完全数的判定、奇完全数的Eu ler因子、特殊类型的奇完全数这6个方面对奇完全数这一问题的研究成果进行了综合评述。     

奇阶中立型微分方程的振动性

考虑奇数阶中立型微分方程ｄｎ／ｄｔ＾ｎ「ｘ（ｔ）－ｐ（ｔ－τ）＋Ｑ（ｔ－σ）＝０,ｔ≥ｔ０,其中Ｐ、Ｑ∈Ｃ（」ｔ０,∞）,Ｒ＾＋）,以及τ、σ∈Ｒ＾＋,得到了方程所有解振动的充分条件,改进了文献「１,２」的结果。