Cl~- 和 SO_4~(2-) 对厌氧废水处理的抑制阈值

用人工配制高浓度有机废水分别研究了Ｃｌ－和ＳＯ２－４对厌氧生物废水处理的抑制作用和抑制阈值．在全混流厌氧恒化器和上流式厌氧污泥床（ＵＡＳＢ）反应器中分别得到了对厌氧消化基本无抑制作用（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＜４．５ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＜１．８ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＜７．２ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＜３．０ｇ／Ｌ）;轻度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＝４．５～６．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝１．８～３．３ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＝７．２～８．２ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝３．０～４．１ｇ／Ｌ）;中度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＝６．０～１３．８ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝３．３～６．５ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＝８．２～１０．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝４．１～６．０ｇ／Ｌ）和重度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＞１３．８ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＞６．５ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＞１０．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＞６．０ｇ／Ｌ）的不同Ｃｌ－和ＳＯ２－４浓度范围．     

土壤中有效磷的快速测定

用ｃ（ＮＨ４Ｆ）＝０．０１５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＮＨ４Ｆ和ｃ（ＨＣｌ）＝０．３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＬＣｌ提土壤样品中有效磷,以钼锑抗分光光度法测定有效磷的含量。在ｃ（Ｈ２ＳＯ４）＝０．２～０．３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｈ２ＳＯ４和Ｓｂ＾３＋存在下,到与钼酸铵反应形成磷锑钼杂多酸,该杂多酸在常温下被抗坏血酸还原为磷钼蓝络合物,它的最大吸收波长于７００ｎｍ处,磷量在０．１～１４００μｇ／Ｌ内服从比尔定律,检出限为０．０２４μｇ／     

CO2加H2合成甲醇反应中CuO／ZnAl2O4催化剂性能的研究

研究了制备条件对ＣＯ２加Ｈ２合成ＣＨ３ＯＨ反应中ＣｕＯ／ＺｎＡｌ２Ｏ４催化剂的性能及ＺｎＡｌ２Ｏ４尖晶石形成的影响。采用ＸＲＤ、ＢＥＴ、ＴＰＤ和ＦＴ－ＩＲ等测试技术，对催化剂晶相结构和表面物种进行了深入分析。结果表明，沉淀方法对催化活性具有重要影响；ＮａＣＯ３沉淀剂最有利于ＺｎＡｌ２Ｏ４尖晶石的形成；Ｚｎ／Ａｌ摩尔配比为０．２３／０．３８时，尖晶石形成最为完整，活性最好。经ＴＰＤ和ＦＴ－ＩＲ测试，     

碱土云母可切削玻璃陶瓷的研究

基于Ｂａ０．５Ｍｇ３（Ｓｉ３ＡｌＯ１０）Ｆ２－Ｍｇ２Ａｌ４Ｓｉ５Ｏ１８－Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２系统，制备出了含Ｂａ碱土云母为主晶相的可切削玻璃陶瓷，弯曲强度σｂ＝２２９ＭＰａ，断裂韧性ＫＩＣ＝２．４８ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，钻孔速度大于７ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ。优良性能的获得借助于Ｂａ云母玻璃陶瓷可控的微观组织，即相互交错的云母晶体和“卷心菜”的组织特征。     

氟离子对声致发光的影响

本研究首次观察到在水溶液中溶解有Ｃｌ＾－,ＮＯ３＾－,Ｆ＾－,ＨＣＯ３＾－和ＳＯ４＾－五种阴离子时,只有Ｆ＾－在浓度高于４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ时会对声致发光产生影响,当在４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ￣２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内改变Ｆ＾－的浓度,声致发光强度随Ｆ＾－浓度的增加而下降,Ｆ＾－的引入使得空化区域的低温等离子体的形成变为可以控制。     

三氯偶氮氯膦光度法测定合金钢及水中的微量铬

目前利用褪色反应测铬的光度分析法大多灵敏度不高。通过研究三氯偶氮氯膦与Ｃｒ２Ｏ２－７的褪色反应,发现其在硝酸介质中具有高灵敏的褪色反应,其摩尔吸光系数ε＝１．１×１０５,是目前测铬的最灵敏的方法之一。研究发现该体系在５５０ｎｍ处具有最大吸光度ΔＡ,在硫酸、盐酸介质中加热３０ｍｉｎ时褪色不明显,在硝酸介质中加热１０ｍｉｎ已褪色完全。在ＨＮＯ３（Ｖ（ＨＮＯ３）∶Ｖ（Ｈ２Ｏ）＝１∶３）用量为３．０～５．５ｍＬ,０．５ｇ／Ｌ三氯偶氮氯膦溶液的用量为２．０～３．５ｍＬ,沸水浴加热８～１１ｍｉｎ时,褪色完全。本研究选取ＨＮＯ３４．５ｍＬ（Ｖ（ＨＮＯ３）∶Ｖ（Ｈ２Ｏ）＝１∶３）,三氯偶氮氯膦溶液２．５ｍＬ,沸水浴加热９ｍｉｎ。Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）质量浓度在０～０．４８μｇ／ｍＬ内符合比耳定律,回归方程为ΔＡ＝０．９７２５ρ（μｇ／ｍＬ）＋０．０１７３,相关系数γ＝０．９９６８。对１８种共存离子的干扰进行了测定,Ｆｅ２＋,Ｆｅ３＋,ＭｎＯ－４的干扰可在溶样时除去。用于合金钢及水中的微量铬的测定结果令人满意。     

多聚配合物[Cd(β-ala)Cl_2]的合成与晶体结构

多聚配合物［Ｃｄ（β－ａｌａ）Ｃｌ２］用ＣｄＣｌ２与β－丙氨酸（β－ａｌａ，Ｈ３Ｎ＋ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＯ２－）在水溶液反应制得，并用单晶结构分析法测定其结构．该配合物的化学式为Ｃ３Ｈ７ＣｄＣｌ２ＮＯ２，属正交晶系，空间群为Ｐｎｍａ（Ｎｏ．６２），ａ＝６９４．４（１），ｂ＝７９６．３（２），ｃ＝１２９３．１（３）ｐｍ，Ｖ＝０．７１５０（６）ｎｍ３，Ｚ＝４，Ｍｒ＝２７２．４０，Ｄｃ＝２．５３０Ｍｇ／ｍ３，用８３４独立衍射数据对结构进行精化，最后残差因子Ｒ１＝０．０４２１．结果表明，每个镉离子与４个Ｃｌ和２个β－ａｌａ的羧基氧原子配位，呈变形八面体结构．每对镉离子由２个Ｃｌ和１个双齿羧基桥连，形成一维链状聚合结构     

环烷酸-仲辛醇对钪的萃取机理研究

研究了环烷酸和仲辛醇的混合体系萃取钪的性能和机理。实验表明,在体系Ｓｃ＾３＋（－１０＾－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）／ＨＣｌＫｃｌ（μ＝０．２）／ＨＡ－ＲＯＨ－煤洞 （ＨＡ代表环烷酸,ＲＯＨ代表工业仲辛醇）,仲辛醇未参与萃合反应。利用斜率法测得萃合物在有机相中的组成为Ｓｃ（ＯＨ）２Ａ．３ＨＡ,并计算了室温下其萃取平衡常数ｌｇＫ＝５．５。     

正常麻醉犬动脉血和脑脊液酸碱电解质关系的初步分析

３０只健康麻醉犬动脉血和脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）酸碱变量及主要电解质检测结果分析发现：ＣＳＦｐＨ、［Ｋ~＋］＜ｐＨａ和［Ｋ~＋］_ａ，相互之间相关显著，其回归方程分别为ＣＳＦｐＨ＝０．４７７×ｐＨａ＋３．７８，ＣＳＦ［Ｋ~＋］＝０．４１８×［Ｋ~＋］_ａ＋１．１２。ＣＳＦＰＣＯ２、［Ｃｌ~－］、［乳酸］［Ｌａｃｔ］＞ＰａＣＯ２、［Ｃｌ－］_ａ和［Ｌａｃｔ］_ａ，相互之间相关显著。其回归方程分别为ＣＳＦＰＣＯ２＝０．５６４×ＰａＣＯ２＋３．５３２５，ＣＳＦ［Ｃｌ~－］＝０．５×［Ｃｌ~－］_ａ＋７６．７，ＣＳＦ［Ｌａｃｔ］＋０．９５×［Ｌａｃｔ］_ａ＋１．０。ＣＳＦ［ＨＣＯ_３~－］与ＣＳＦＰＣＯ２相关显著，回归方程为ＣＳＦ［ＨＣＯ_３~－］＝１．８９８×ＣＳＦＰＣＯ２＋１０．６。     

Cl-和SO2-4对厌氧废水处理的抑制阈值

用人工配制高浓度有机废水分别研究了Ｃｌ＾－和ＳＯ４＾２－对厌氧生物废水处理的抑制作用和抑制阈值。在全混流厌氧恒化器和上流式厌氧污泥床（ＵＡＳＢ）反应器中分别得到了对厌氧消化基本无抑制作用（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ＾－〈４．５ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ４＾２－〈１．８ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ＾－〈７．２ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ４＾２－〈３．０ｇ／Ｌ）;轻度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ＾－＝４．５￣６．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ４＾２－＝１．８￣３．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to