TSP问题启发集的分析及应用

建立了描述TSP问题启发集性质的概率模型,并指出了改进启发集的一般方法.进一步,利用局部最优解交集作为近似骨架,提出了一种动态改进启发集的宏启发算法--自适应可变启发集搜索.并将自适应可变启发集搜索与目前广泛使用的算法ILK、LKH相结合,TSPLIB中典型实例上的实验结果表明,改进后的算法在求解质量上有了较大的改进.     

一种基于插入法的禁忌搜索算法

结合插入法和禁忌搜索算法的优点，提出了一种基于插入法的禁忌搜索算法TIS(tabu-insert search)，该算法利用禁忌搜索算法较强的局部搜索能力和插入法在构造高质量解时的优越性来进行解空间的搜索．TIS能有效地帮助搜索程序跳出局部最优解，找到全局最优或次优解．以典型的组合优化问题TSP为例，验证了该算法的有效性，计算机实验的结果表明该算法有较好的寻优能力．     

融入遗传算子的蚁群算法求解TSP问题

提出一种融入遗传算子（Genetic Operator）的蚁群算法（ACAGO）求解旅行商问题（TSP）．蚁群算法（Ant Colony Algorithm）是一种受自然界蚂蚁群体觅食行为启发而提出的进化计算算法,并且已经在求解TSP问题上成功地应用．然而,基本的蚁群算法存在收拟速度慢,容易陷入局部最优等不足．ACAGO算法通过使用遗传算法的交叉算子和变异算子扩大解的局部搜索空间,而选择算子则可以使好的解集的信息素的浓度得到增强,加快了算法的收敛速度．文章对ACAGO算法的执行过程进行了说明并且给出了具体的实现方案,同时通过TSP PLib上的测试样例将该融入遗传算子的蚁群算法和基本的蚁群算法进行了比较．比较结果表明了本文的新的ACAGO算法具有更大的优势,它不但能使算法求解到更好的解,而且加快了算法的收敛速度．     

一种多目标增量启发式搜索算法

提出一种多目标增量启发式搜索算法, 该算法结合启发式搜索与增量搜索的思想, 当多目标问题搜索图的状态格局发生改变时, 该算法并不是对变化后的问题进行完全重新求解, 而是部分利用了先前搜索保留的信息求解新问题的最优解集, 从而提高了问题求解的效率. 通过Gridworld标准测试问题上的实验测试, 验证了算法的效率.     

基于蚁群算法求解TSP问题的改进

蚁群算法虽然具有鲁棒性和发现较好解的能力,但其搜索时间较长,当规模较大时易陷入局部最优解。本文通过求解TSP问题,对其进行改进。通过在特定情况下对路径进行逐步遍历比较来降低陷入局部最优解的可能性,找出最优解。实验验证结果表明,这种改进蚁群算法对求解TSP问题有较好的效果。     

基于几何结构的求解旅行商问题的蚁群算法

蚁群算法是一种新型仿生算法，但存在搜索时间长，收敛速度慢，易陷入局部最优等缺点。本文提出了一种基于旅行商问题（TSP）几何结构的蚁群算法，利用象限邻居表构造候选集和对偶限象邻居的方法初始化信息素，用以克服上述缺陷。通过对TSP的仿真，结果表明新算法大大缩小了其搜索范围，提高了搜索精确度并减少了搜索时间。     

基于交叉算子的改进人工蜂群算法

针对人工蜂群算法存在后期收敛速度慢、局部搜索能力差和易陷入局部最优的问题,提出一种基于交叉算子的改进人工蜂群算法.该算法利用佳点集方法产生初始种群,使得初始化个体尽可能均匀地分布在搜索空间;随机选择食物源位置与当前最优食物源位置进行算术交叉操作,引导群体向全局最优解靠近,提高算法的局部搜索能力和加快收敛速度.通过5个高维标准测试函数的实验结果表明新算法的有效性.     

求解线性双层规划的一个全局收敛算法

基于线性双层规划的最优解在约束域极点上达到这一特性,得到了线性双层规划问题的一些性质。然后给出了一个求解线性双层规划的全局收敛算法,该算法从合理反应集的一个顶点开始进行搜索。最后通过一个算例说明这种算法的可行性和优越性。     

基于多目标量子粒子群算法的环境/经济调度

针对传统的粒子群优化算法在求解环境/经济调度中存在控制参数多和局部搜索精度低等问题,提出一种基于多目标量子粒子群优化算法的环境/经济调度问题的求解方法.该算法利用具有量子行为特性的粒子搜索解空间,引入改变作用区间的变异算子增强全局搜索能力,并采用基于粒子多样性的方法更新全局最优的领导粒子.仿真结果表明,该算法是有效的,所求Pareto解集能逼近真实的Pareto解集且具有良好的分布性.     

TSP的改进蚁群算法求解及其仿真研究

蚂蚁数目是影响蚁群算法性能的重要参数,常规蚁群算法在求解TSP时易于陷入局部最优解。文章针对该问题,提出了一种蚂蚁数目动态改变的蚁群算法,即每次周游时的蚂蚁数目是在一个范围内随机取值,该改进算法借用遗传算法中的排序选择策略对每次遍历时的蚂蚁位置进行初始化;分别对常规蚁群算法的TSP求解和改进蚁群算法的TSP求解进行了原理阐述,并对2种算法求解TSP的结果进行了Matlab仿真。对比仿真结果表明,改进的算法在求解TSP时,能够有效地跳出局部最优解,并能很好地收敛,它比常规蚁群算法的性能要优。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that