南丰蜜橘组织培养及植株再生

以南丰蜜橘种子无菌苗的子叶、上胚轴、茎端、下胚轴为材料,在不同激素配比的MS基本培养基上进行外植体筛选和诱导不定芽分化、继代及生根培养,确定了诱导植株再生的最佳外植体和最适条件:(1)诱导不定芽分化最好外植体为上胚轴,不定芽分化率达90%;(2)继代培养中最适激素配比为MS+0.8 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/LD-泛酸钙;(3)生根最适合培养基为MS/2+0.1 mg/L NAA.     

辣椒离体高效再生体系及其卡那霉素筛选体系的建立

选用辣椒(CapsicumannuumL.)4个品种的子叶以及下胚轴为外植体进行不定芽的诱导分化、生长及生根成苗试验.在组织培养的各个阶段的培养基中,附加不同种类及不同质量浓度的激素组合,观察测量外植体在各种培养基中的生长情况,从中筛选出最优的激素配比培养基,从而建立了辣椒的高效离体植株再生体系.在此基础上,将不同质量浓度梯度的卡那霉素(Kan)分别加入子叶、下胚轴愈伤组织诱导及不定芽分化阶段的培养基中,观测Kan对外植体生长的影响,以确定各阶段的最低致死质量浓度,用于辣椒的遗传转化研究.试验结果表明最佳的辣椒离体再生培养基为:芽分化阶段,MS+6-BA3.0mg·L-1+IAA0.1mg·L-1;不定芽伸长阶段,MS+GA32mg·L-1+6-BA0.5mg·L-1;诱导生根,MS+IAA1.0mg·L-1.合适的Kan质量浓度为:下胚轴出愈为80mg·L-1;子叶分化出不定芽为60mg·L-1.     

厚皮甜瓜黄河蜜植株再生研究

利用厚皮甜瓜黄河蜜3号子叶及下胚轴进行植株再生实验研究.结果表明:子叶不定芽分化率高于下胚轴,适合子叶不定芽分化的培养基为MS 6-BA1.5 mg/L NAA0.2 mg/L,分化率为60%,每个外植体平均分化芽数9.4个.适合下胚轴不定芽分化的培养基是MS 6-BA 1.75 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L,分化率为9%,每个外植体平均分化芽数8.5个.对不定芽黑暗处理2天后用1/2 MS IAA0.2 mg/L诱导生根,生根率达91.12%,平均根数为12条.200 mg/L的NAA对无根苗处理20 min后移入1/2河沙 1/2蛭石基质中,1/2 MS营养液浇灌,试管外生根率为52%.     

辣椒茎尖离体培养及植株再生

以4个辣椒品种茎尖为外植体，在MS 4mg／L BA 1mg／L IAA 4mg／L AgNO3培养基上诱导不定芽分化，在MS 2mg／L BA 0．1mg／L IAA，MS 0．5mg／L BA 0．1mg／L IAA诱导不定芽茎伸长．结果，平均不定芽诱导率达85％，平均不定芽茎伸长率可达110％，再生植株频率达75％左右．初步实验结果表明：与子叶及下胚轴培养相比，茎尖培养具有成苗率高、基因型不敏感、再生周期短等优势，是解决辣椒组织培养不定芽茎伸长困难，提高再生植株诱导频率的有效途径．     

苜蓿不同品种愈伤组织诱导、分化和再生能力的比较研究

以新疆大叶、甘农1号、甘农3号和陇东4个苜蓿品种的下胚轴、子叶和子叶节为外植体,比较了不同苜蓿品种及外植体愈伤组织诱导、分化及再生能力的差异,研究了不同浓度及配比的植物生长调节物质对愈伤组织诱导和芽分化再生的影响。结果表明,4个苜蓿品种再生能力依次为新疆大叶>甘农3号>甘农1号>陇东苜蓿,下胚轴外植体在愈伤诱导培养基(MS 2mg/L2,4-D 0.2mg/LZT)上出愈率分别为94%,83%,71%和58%,胚性愈伤组织在分化培养基(MS 0.2mg/LZT 50mg/L谷氨酰胺)上分化率分别为15.8%,9.2%,7.1%和4.5%;下胚轴再生能力优于子叶节和子叶;丛生芽在生根培养基(1/2MS)上生成完整的根;各品种的再生苜蓿植株均成功移栽到土壤中,成活率100%。上述4个苜蓿品种分化再生能力的阶段性研究结果为今后通过基因工程方法改良苜蓿奠定了基础。     

影响花生下胚轴丛生芽再生因素的研究

以花育22号成熟种子萌发后的下胚轴为外植体，分析了激素配比、外植体萌发日龄、AgNO3、NAA以及不同基因型对花生下胚轴植株再生的影响．结果发现，MS＋6-BA（12mg/L）＋NAA（0．8mg/L）的组合对下胚轴芽的分化较好，萌发4～5d的外植体用于丛生芽诱导较佳，3mg／L的AgNO3可提高下胚轴芽的分化率并有效减轻下胚轴的褐化，1mg/L的NAA利于组培苗生根，组培苗移栽后能正常开花、结实．不同基因型花生的芽诱导率存在差异．     

黄瓜子叶节离体再生体系的建立

以MS为基本培养基,以黄瓜子叶节为外植体,设置了不同激素浓度,直接诱导出不定芽,建立了黄瓜的离体再生体系.结果表明,最佳芽诱导培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+IAA 0.1 mg/L+ABA 1.0 mg/L+AgNO3 2.0 mg/L,平均每外植体可诱导出2.9个芽;最佳芽伸长培养基为MS+KT 0.5 mg/L;1/2 MS最适于黄瓜的生根.     

特种工业用油料作物Lesquerella fendleri的愈伤组织诱导和植株再生

以Lesquerella fendleri下胚轴和子叶作为外植体,研究了不同的激素浓度和组合对于愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的影响．研究表明,L．fendleri下胚轴和子叶在许多激素组合的培养基上都能诱导出愈伤组织．当6-BA的浓度从0提高到1．0mg．L^-1,下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率也从35．14％提高到97．30％,进一步提高6-BA浓度会降低下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率;将NAA浓度从0提高到0．2mg．L^-1,下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率从70％提高到76．76％,进一步提高NAA浓度则降低下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率;将2,4-D的浓度从0提高到0．5mg．L^-1,下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率从64．29％提高到85．00％,进一步提高2,4-D浓度会降低下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率．当6-BA的浓度为0．5mg．L-时子叶的愈伤组织诱导频率最高,达到80．00％;提高NAA浓度可以提高子叶愈伤组织诱导频率,提高2,4-D浓度则会降低子叶的愈伤组织诱导频率．绝大多数愈伤组织在含有6-BA和NAA的MS培养基上都能够分化出许多不定芽．不定芽在MS基本培养基能够诱导生根,生根率在80％以上．     

唐古特白刺愈伤组织诱导及再生体系的研究

以唐古特白刺(Nitraria tangutorum Bobr.)子叶、下胚轴、根为外植体, 接种在不同浓度激素配比的培养基中, 研究愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生.结果表明: 子叶和下胚轴是诱导愈伤组织的良好外植体; 以MS补加2,4-D(0.5～1.0 mg·L-1)或6-BA(1.0～2.0 mg·L-1)+NAA(0.5～1.0 mg·L-1)可100%高频产生愈伤组织;在MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.5 mg·L-1培养基上,下胚轴可产生不定芽; 最佳增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1+NAA(0.5～1.0 mg·L-1),增殖系数为5.75; 最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+IBA 0.5 mg·L-1,生根率达94.6 %.     

发根农杆菌对苦马豆转化及植株再生的初步研究

用发根农杆菌A4转化苦马豆子叶和下胚轴外植体，获得转化发根．将发根转移到MS无激素培养基上，发根能够持续生长，并于继代40天后自发形成不定芽．将不定芽转移到1／2MS无激素培养基，长出不定根，形成再生植株．再生植株表现出典型的发根综合症，初步判断再生植株为转化植株．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that