不同采收期江枳壳中柚皮素和橙皮素HPLC含量测定

目的建立HPLC法测定江枳壳药材中柚皮素和橙皮素含量的方法。方法采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(磷酸调pH值2-3)=29:71为流动相,流速1.0 m L·min~(-1),柱温25℃,检测波长283 nm。结果柚皮素和橙皮素进样量分别在0.065 8~0.658μg和0.021 2~0.212μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均为0.999 8;柚皮素和橙皮素平均回收率(n=6)分别为102.2%和101.7%,其RSD值分别为1.7%和2.3%。江枳壳中柚皮素和橙皮素含量分别在0.09‰~0.35‰和0‰~0.11‰范围内。结论柚皮素和橙皮素的含量随采收期的推迟而降低。本法简便、准确、可靠,可用于枳壳药材中柚皮素和橙皮素的含量测定。     

大蒜叶化学成分研究

采用硅胶、凝胶、HPLC等色谱技术对葱属植物大蒜(Allium sativum L.)叶中的化学成分进行了分离纯化,并通过MS和NMR等波谱技术确定化合物结构。结果表明,从大蒜叶中分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为S-(+)-去氢催吐萝芙叶醇(Ⅰ)、(+)-催吐萝芙叶醇(Ⅱ)、N-反式阿魏酰基-3-甲氧基酪胺(Ⅲ)、N-顺式阿魏酰基-3-甲氧基酪胺(Ⅳ)、N-反式-p-香豆酰基酪胺(Ⅴ)、N-顺式-p-香豆酰基酪胺(Ⅵ)、N-反式-p-香豆酰基去甲辛弗林(Ⅶ)、N-顺式-p-香豆酰基去甲辛弗林(Ⅷ)、对羟基苯甲酸(Ⅸ)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(Ⅹ)。化合物Ⅰ～Ⅵ和Ⅷ均为首次从该种中分离得到。     

超声波萃取-PSA净化-气相色谱法测定水产品中氯霉素

建立了测定水产品中氯霉素的气相色谱电子捕获检测方法(GC-ECD)。样品通过乙酸乙酯超声波萃取,正己烷初步净化后,经过适量的N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)固相吸附剂进一步净化,硅烷化试剂衍生,再采用GC-ECD法检测,外标法定量。结果表明,氯霉素在1.5~100μg/L浓度范围内,组分含量与峰面积呈线性相关,相关系数分别为0.9996,检出限为0.1μg·kg-1。氯霉素在不同基质的水产品(鳗鲡、鳜鱼、大管鞭虾)中不同浓度水平的加标回收率分别为92%~103%、86%~108%和78%~99%,相应的相对标准偏差(RSDs)分别为3.5%~4.2%、3.1%~4.6%和2.6%~3.9%(n=5)。本方法简单快速,基体干扰小,线性范围宽,灵敏度、准确度、精密度能满足水产品中氯霉素的含量分析。     

HPLC法同时测定清心明目上清片中栀子苷、连翘苷、黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的:建立HPLC同时测定清心明目上清片中四种成分(栀子苷、连翘苷、黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱)含量的方法.方法:色谱柱.AglientTC-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(A)-0.2%磷酸溶液(B),梯度洗脱程序依次为.0~10 min 18%B,10~12 min 20%~30%B,12~14 min30%~16%B,14~20 min 16%~28%B,20~30 min 28%~65%B,30~40 min 65%~80%B,流速0.9 mL·min-1,柱温为25℃,检测波长分别为238 nm(栀子苷和连翘苷)、275nm(黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱).结果:栀子苷、连翘苷、黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱分别在0.031 1~0.622 2μg(r=0.999 6),0.533 3~8.000μg(r=0.999 6),0.080 0~1.600 0μg(r=0.999 5),0.115 6~1.155 6μg(r=0.999 4)范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率分别为98.4%、98.3%、97.1%、98.2%.结论:本法操作简便、精密度高、重现性好,适用于同时测定清心明目上清片中栀子苷、连翘苷、黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱的含量.     

HPLC法测定不同产地的肾叶山蚂蝗中6种异戊基查尔酮的含量

建立3种不同产地的肾叶山蚂蝗中主要活性成分含量测定的方法并测定其含量.以90%的甲醇作提取剂并采用高速匀浆法进行提取,选取HPLC法测定6种异戊基查尔酮的含量,采用Waters XTerra RP-18液相色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,3.5μm),以甲醇-0.5%的乙酸溶液作流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min;检测波长为285 nm.研究结果表明,6种异戊基查尔酮对照品分别在0.50~250,0.50~250,0.40~220,0.40~200,0.40~200,和0.40~260μg/m L范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数r在0.999 5~0.999 8之间,回收率分别为95.7%~102.4%、97.0%~104.2%、95.0%~101.2%、98.5%~103.4%、95.4%~103.8%和96.5%~103.3%,RSD在1.78%~2.68%(n=7)之间,最低检出限在40~50 ng/m L之间,3种不同产地的肾叶山蚂蝗中6种异戊基查尔酮的含量在1.21~4.56 mg/g之间.该方法所得结果准确可靠,回收率高,重现性好,检出限较低,可用于肾叶山蚂蝗中主要活性成分含量的测定.     

清脑复神液质量标准再评价研究

目的:对清脑复神液的质量标准进行再评价研究,以完善其质量标准.方法:在原标准基础上增加了葛根、枳壳、赤芍的薄层色谱鉴别,同时以盐酸小檗碱、芦丁为对照品建立了小檗碱、总黄酮的含量测定方法.结果:葛根、枳壳、赤芍定性鉴别的专属性强;盐酸小檗碱在0.06~0.96μg范围内与峰面积呈现良好的线性关系(R2=0.999),芦丁在6.00~30.01μg范围内,浓度与吸光度线性关系良好(R2=0.999),平均回收率为101.24%、99.99%,RSD为1.48%(n=6)、1.74%(n=6).结论:清脑复神液现行质量标准可控性不强,经本研究所修订后的标准可增强产品质量的可控性.     

ICP-AES法测定枳壳中的8种金属元素

建立测定枳壳中金属元素含量的分析方法。用V(浓硝酸)+V(高氯酸)=16+2的混合酸作为消解剂进行消化样品,利用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法进行测定。枳壳中K、Mg、Ca、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu、Cr的含量(μg·g-1)分别为4912、11236、3303、104.0、22.50、15.96、15.90、6.200,加标回收率(n=6)在97.6%~104.9%之间,各元素的相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)为0.11%~1.10%。该方法是一种快速、灵敏、准确的分析方法,可以为枳壳的进一步研究提供科学依据。     

N-苯甲酰基-O-苯甲酰基-L-酪氨酸及其对映异构体的手性高效液相色谱分析

建立了正相高效液相色谱法(NP-HPLC)测定中间体N-苯甲酰基-O-苯甲酰基-L-酪氨酸(L042)及其对映异构体N-苯甲酰基-O-苯甲酰基-D-酪氨酸(D042)含量的方法.采用CHIRALPAK AD-H手性柱,以环己烷-无水乙醇-三氟乙酸(50∶50∶0.2)为流动相,流速0.5mL·min-1,检测波长231nm,L042与其对映异构体获得良好的分离效果.在此条件下,L042、D042分别在浓度5.25~104.04μg·mL-1(n=6),2.15~107.44μg·mL-1(n=7)范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均达到0.999 9;平均回收率分别为99.69%(RSD 1.31%)和101.12%(RSD 1.91%);检出限分别为0.93和0.44μg·mL-1.建立了外标法测定L042含量的方法,对比了外标法及主成分自身对照法测定对映异构体D042的含量,选择节约检测成本的主成分自身对照法测定批量生产样品中的D042.该法准确、简便,适用于该中间体光学纯度的检测.     

HPLC法测定不同产地生姜中姜酚类成分的含量

采用HPLC法测定不同产地生姜中姜酚类成分的含量,采用Agilent ZORBAX-SB C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃,检测波长282 nm,用标准曲线法分别对6-姜辣素、8-姜酚和10-姜酚定量.结果显示,6-姜辣素、8-姜酚和10-姜酚分别在1.005~100.5μg/mL(r=1)、1.001~100.1μg/mL(r=0.999 9)和0.996 5~99.65μg/mL(r=0.999 9)范围内线性关系良好;平均回收率(n=6)分别为99.31%(RSD 1.26%)、98.69%(RSD 1.48%)、98.55%(RSD 1.44%).测定的14批不同产地的生姜及不同部位,6-姜辣素、8-姜酚和10-姜酚含量存在一定的差异.由此认为所建立的方法准确、可靠、重现性好,能快速有效地测定生姜及不同部位的含量.     

优化的原子荧光法测定砷汞含量

建立了用AFS-830双道原子荧光光度计同时测定不同样品中砷和汞的氢化物发生-原子荧光法检测方法.在优化的仪器工作条件下:砷和汞的线性检测范围广,分别为0~10μg/L和0~1μg/L;方法灵敏,检出限分别为0.042μg/L和0.038μg/L;样品加标回收率高,分别为99.5%~100.1%和97.5%~99.9%,可用于工业环境监测中测定不同样品中的砷和汞的含量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with