野大麦组织培养及植株再生的研究

以野大麦成熟胚为外植体，接种于MS 2，4-D2．0mg／L KT0．2mg／L NAA0．5mg／L Su3％的培养基中，诱导愈伤组织；然后在培养基MS 2，4-D2．0mg／L KT0．2mg／L NAA1．0mg／L Su3％上进行继代培养，每次继代时间为20天左右；再用MS KT2．0mg／L NAA0．2mg／L Su1．5％进行分化，分化率达80％以上．     

裂叶秋海棠的离体快速繁殖

利用野生裂叶秋海棠叶片及叶柄培养，通过两种方式获得大量再生植株。(1)直接从外植体表面诱导出不定芽，最佳诱导培养基为MS 6-BA 3mg／L，不定芽在培养基MS NAA0．5mg／L 6-BA0．5mg／L增殖成丛生芽．(2)先诱导出愈伤组织，再由愈伤组织分化出大量不定芽．最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS NAA0．5mg／L 2，4-D0．5mg／L 6-BA0．5mg／L,愈伤组织不定芽分化培养基为MS 6-BA 1mg／L,试管苗在含1／5MS无机盐的培养基上生根，之后移栽成活率达85％。     

花叶如意叶愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生

研究花叶如意叶愈伤组织的诱导及分化条件．实验结果表明：诱导愈伤组织的培养基为MS 2,4-D1．0mg／L 6-BA2．0mg／L．在此培养基上,叶片比叶柄更易得到愈伤组织．叶愈伤组织的诱导时间过长易褐化,从而影响分化,其最适时间为20d．诱导愈伤组织分化的培养基为MS NAA0．2mg／L 6-BA2．0mg／L．根分化的培养基为1／2MS NAA0．5mg／L．     

互叶白千层愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

本文报导了互叶白千层从无菌种子苗叶片诱导愈伤组织到植株再生的研究结果．实验表明：以继代代数不同的无菌苗叶片为诱导材料,在MS基本培养基中添加TDZ0．4mg／L＋2,4-D0．4mg／L的第五代继代苗诱导效果较好,愈伤组织诱导率达100％．在互叶白千层愈伤组织分化阶段,在MS基本培养基中,激素组合筛选中以添）m6-BA2．0mg／L＋IAA2．5mg／L的分化效果较好,分化率高达94．53％．在分化苗伸长生根阶段,以MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋NAA0．8mg／L＋AC0．1％的效果较为显著,苗平均高度9．4cm,苗最壮,根粗且壮．     

不同浓度的激素组合对猕猴桃愈伤组织诱导及芽分化的影响

本实验以美味猕猴桃试管苗为材料，外植体选用离体茎段，研究了不同浓度的激素组合对猕猴桃愈伤组织诱导及芽分化的影响．试验结果表明，MS培养基中附加激素2，4-D1．0mg／L＋6-BA0．5mg／L有利于愈伤组织诱导，诱导率达86．1％；Ms培养基中附加激素组合NAA0．1mg／L＋6-BA1．0mg／L有利于芽分化，芽分化率为75．2％．     

不同浓度的激素组合对猕猴桃愈伤组织诱导及芽分化的影响

本实验以美味猕猴桃试管苗为材料，外植体选用离体茎段，研究了不同浓度的激素组合对猕猴桃愈伤组织诱导及芽分化的影响．试验结果表明，MS培养基中附加激素2，4-D1．0mg／L＋6-BA0．5mg／L有利于愈伤组织诱导，诱导率达86．1％；Ms培养基中附加激素组合NAA0．1mg／L＋6-BA1．0mg／L有利于芽分化，芽分化率为75．2％．     

山梗菜嫩茎无性系的建立

以山梗菜的嫩茎为试验材料,先后对其愈伤组织培养、愈伤组织分化、分化芽生根和试管苗的栽培进行了研究．结果证明：MS＋ KT0．2mg·L -1＋2,4-D1．4mg·L -1是愈伤组织诱导培养的理想培养基;1/2MS＋ NAA0．1 mg · L -1＋ZT0．1 mg · L -1＋AgNO30．3 mg · L -1是愈伤组织分化培养的理想培养基;1/2MS＋NAA0．1 mg · L -1＋IAA0．2 mg · L -1＋ABT2号1．0 mg · L -1是试管苗生根继代增殖培养和不定芽生根培养的适宜培养基．试管苗移栽成活率为94．2％;定植成活率达到了99％以上．定植的试管苗不仅具有野生山梗菜所有植物学性状,而且还能在翌年正常开花结果．     

密蒙花(Buddlija officinalis)基因转化受体系统的建立

以密蒙花(Buddlija officinalis Maxim)芽、叶、茎段为外植体，在B5，MS，White培养基上获得愈伤组织。结果表明：芽、幼叶脱分化能力差异不大；不同时期的叶片差异较大，以幼叶诱导为佳；作者筛选出的愈伤组织最佳培养基为B5 6-BA0．5mg／L 2，4-D0．5mg／L。在继代培养阶段，B5比MS和White更适合细胞的快速生长和繁殖；并且以叶片的愈伤组织生长较快，芽、茎段次之，最佳继代培养基为B5 6-BA0．5mg／L NAA0．5mg／L，继代的愈伤组织可在B5 6．BAlmg／L NAA0．1mg／L GA0．1mg／L培养基中分化出幼苗，在生根培养基1／2MS NAA0．2mg／L或1／2MS NAA0．6mg／L中分化出根且获得再生植株，将长4～6cm的再生小苗练苗3d后移植，幼苗成活率达100％，并于当年开花。     

杉木合子胚愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生

以杉木成熟及未成熟合子胚为外植体,研究了基本培养基、植物激素、合子胚的发育阶段等因素对杉木愈伤组织的诱导及不定芽分化的影响。结果表明：1／2MS＋2mg／L 2,4-D＋1．0mg／L 6-BA＋1．0mg／L KT＋30g／L蔗糖是成熟合子胚诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基;处于胚胎选择阶段或者组织与器官分化阶段的幼胚,能诱导出松软、晶莹透明的愈伤组织,诱导频率为2％～6％。成熟阶段的幼胚诱导出的愈伤组织的外观形态与成熟合子胚诱导出的愈伤组织相似,愈伤组织的诱导频率随着合子胚发育的成熟而迅速提高;DCR＋1．5mg／L 6-BA＋1．5mg／L KT＋20g／L蔗糖是诱导不定芽发生的最佳培养基。高约1．5cm的不定芽转入生根培养基,生根率可达100%。     

蒜头果细胞悬浮培养的研究

采用蒜头果(Malania oleifera Chun et．K Lee)新鲜种子的胚乳在4种含不同激素浓度组合的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织并建立起细胞悬浮培养体系。结果表明：愈伤组织诱导率为66．7％～86．6％，其中以MS 6-BA0.5mg／L 2，4-D 2．0mg／L 蔗糖3％的培养基最佳，其诱导出的愈伤组织具有较强的增殖能力和较好的脆散结构；最佳继代培养基为MS 6-BA0．2mg／L 2，4-D2．0mg／L 蔗糖3％；将继代后的愈伤组织转入6种含不同激素浓度组合的MS液体培养基中进行振荡培养，在综合分析各培养基的单细胞密度，细胞团块密度。细胞生物量增长率等指标后，初步筛选出MS 6-BA0．2mg／L 2，4-D 2．5mg／L 蔗糖3％培养基为较好的液体培养基。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with