地铁下穿既有铁路桥的爆破动力响应分析

以大连地铁2号线208标马湾区间浅埋暗挖隧道下穿魏台桥特殊地段为研究对象,通过三维有限元程序仿真模拟以及工程现场动态监测对比,研究爆破振动对既有构筑物的动力响应问题。研究结果表明:爆破地震波振动速度峰值在距爆源较近区域的衰减速度远大于爆源远区,同时沿深度方向的衰减速度大于水平方向;爆破地震波在构筑物中会出现两次或多次峰值振速,说明爆破冲击波具有强烈的多次反射性,对结构的破坏性也较大;不同深度处的监测点其振速达到峰值的时间和峰值大小均不同,越靠近爆源,受扰动的峰值越大,时间越短;近距离爆破会对既有隧道衬砌安全性产生很大影响,在既有隧道衬砌迎爆侧拱腰部位为薄弱区。     

黄土地层基坑开挖对既有地铁隧道影响分析

为解决黄土地区基坑开挖对近接地铁隧道运营安全带来的影响,研究基坑工程与地铁隧道之间的相互作用机理,基于正交试验分析了水平净距,竖直净距等影响因素敏感性程度,并进一步结合西安地铁八号线幸福林带基坑工程,采用室内模型试验分析了基坑开挖对既有隧道影响的受力变形规律,结果表明：基坑与隧道的竖直净距和水平净距对隧道水平和竖直位移影响显著;在施工过程中,隧道管片的拉伸值始终大于压缩值,且拉伸方向和水平内径变化规律相反;管片拱顶和右墙处弯矩逐渐增大,而拱底和左墙则呈现先减小后增大的趋势;管片周围土压力主要集中在拱底和右墙处,且一直保持减小趋势,其纵向土压力差不断减小,水平土压力差不断增大,导致隧道朝上和朝基坑方向移动。     

特大跨度隧道分部开挖爆破对既有隧道结构的影响

以平潭综合实验区牛寨山双洞八车道小净距公路隧道为例,针对采用双侧壁导坑法开挖时,双洞八车道特大跨度隧道后行隧道断面分部开挖爆破对围岩及既有隧道的影响,采用LS-DYNA建立双隧道模型,结合现场振动速度的实测数据,对影响因素和变化规律进行了分析。结果表明:(1)随着爆心距围岩监测点距离的增大,最大振速显著衰减。(2)在后行隧道爆破对既有隧道结构的影响因素中,爆源与既有隧道的距离影响最大,装药量其次;既有隧道迎爆侧与背爆侧的最大振速比值为12. 5;腰部是底部的2. 1倍;肩部是底部的1. 9倍。(3)在双侧壁导坑施工中,Ⅰ分部由于距离既有隧道较近、周边临空面最少,对既有隧道的影响也最大,施工中可作为爆破引起既有隧道振动的控制工况。     

隐伏岩溶区小净距隧道爆破振动规律

为研究隐伏岩溶区小净距隧道开挖及爆破振动对施工安全的影响规律,以贵州省里平II号隧道工程为依托,以隐伏岩溶区小净距隧道为研究对象,通过LS-DYNA对不同工况进行数值模拟及分析,得到了爆破振动效应下围岩的应力分布和位移变化情况,总结了隧道爆破地震波沿隧道轴向及衬砌环向的速度衰减规律,分析了振动速度峰值随溶洞直径大小及溶洞隧道距离大小的变化规律。研究结果表明：当溶洞直径一定时,围岩竖向位移、隧道拱顶监测点振动速度峰值随着溶洞与隧道之间距离的增大而减小;当溶洞与隧道之间的距离一定时,围岩竖向位移、隧道拱顶监测点振动速度峰值随溶洞直径的增大而减小;里平II号隧道中溶洞直径为2m且溶洞与隧道之间的距离为3m时,先行洞初衬最大主应力超出了混凝土抗拉强度,故爆破开挖前应对该位置进行加固处理,确保施工安全。可见,其分析结果可为指导隐伏岩溶区小净距隧道爆破施工提供可靠依据。     

爆破荷载下小净距隧道钢拱架加固合理间距研究

采用LS—DYNA3D动力有限元程序,建立某小净距隧道的三维模型。通过刚度等效的方法,分析了既有隧道不同钢拱架布置间距情况下既有隧道的动力响应。研究结果表明,随既有隧道钢拱架加固间距的减小,迎爆侧测点振速和位移峰值亦随之增加。建议小净距隧道爆破施工时,既有隧道钢拱架加固间距为0．5—1．0m。     

相邻隧道围岩爆破振动影响规律研究

爆破施工会引发相邻隧道围岩振动,而振动强弱与隧道净距和联络通道相关,因此有必要对这两方面因素的影响规律开展研究。通过数值模拟软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立有联络通道和无联络通道相邻隧道爆破振动分析模型,分析无联络通道模型中隧道净距对先行隧道x轴爆破振动速度的影响;同时分析有联络通道模型中联络通道对先行隧道x轴爆破振动速度的影响。研究结果表明,迎爆面拱腰处质点为先行隧道最危险质点;后行隧道掌子面爆破的振动影响范围为2.5倍隧道洞径;联络通道对相邻隧道的爆破振动影响范围为5倍隧道洞径;平行于爆破平面的联络通道对相邻隧道围岩的爆破振动影响最大。     

高速公路扩建工程中小净距隧道爆破震动观测与分析

基于泉厦高速公路扩建工程中的苏厝小净距隧道的爆破震动安全监测,首先介绍了测线与测点布置原则,并阐述了爆破震动观测及其结果,得出了相应的质点振动速度峰值衰减经验公式及υ-ρ关系曲线。结果表明,上下台阶和全断面爆破这两种不同隧道施工开挖方式所得出的不同的观测结果,质点振动速度峰值最大值通常出现在同一断面的腰部、径向方向和爆...     

软土盾构隧道近距离穿越既有地铁影响数值分析

为了研究新建盾构隧道施工对既有地铁的影响,采用数值分析方法,针对软土地质分别改变两隧道净距与角度进行计算,从而得到不同工况下既有地铁变形和衬砌内力变化规律及近接分区范围。研究结果表明:两隧道净距与角度不同,既有地铁变形与衬砌内力变化不同,上穿施工较下穿施工更加危险,斜穿施工引起既有地铁变形和衬砌内力发生偏转;得到软土地区近接分区影响范围,当近接区段位于强影响区时需对既有地铁进行加固,进一步将分区研究成果应用于杭州地铁4号线穿越1号线实际工程,实测数据表明分区研究成果较为合理。     

新建隧洞下穿爆破对公路隧道结构的影响： 以温州市瓯江引水工程为例

为了探寻爆源逐步接近既有隧道情况下衬砌受爆破振动的响应规律、爆破荷载作用下的应力分布状态,结合温州市瓯海区西山隧洞工程,根据施工现场爆破监测数据和数值模拟结果对新建隧道爆破施工时相交隧道的安全性进行研究,研究结果表明振速主要受到爆心距和装药量的影响：爆心距越小装药量越大,振速峰值越高;爆心距决定隧道衬砌合速度峰值发生位置;衬砌合速度峰值位置同时是最大拉应力点;随爆心距的缩进,危险点从拱腰位置移动到拱脚。     

隧道斜交横通道爆破振动效应研究

针对斜交横通道爆破施工对既有隧道安全性产生不利影响,建立了交叉隧道爆破振动三维数值模型,考虑爆破荷载峰值、衬砌界面强度、埋深和围岩弹性模量的影响,从监测点振速和衬砌内力两方面对其安全性进行评价。结果表明:爆破振动作用下交叉区域将产生应力集中现象,衬砌内力增大5～10倍,拱顶和衬砌破除处易出现较大的动拉应力,是爆控的薄弱部位。爆破影响范围大致在θ>55°内,衬砌振速和动位移随着角度的增大呈现出先增大后减小的规律,在隧道拱顶区域达到峰值,且在迎爆区出现陡增;衬砌拆除前,沿爆破轮廓线将衬砌分割成爆破区和非爆破区将显著减小衬砌的变形和振速。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has