Expression，reflolding and preliminary characterization of recombinant snake venom metalloproteinases：Implication for the hemorrhagic mechanism

Two cDNAs encoding hemorrhagic snake venom metalloproteinase acutolysin A and non-hemorrhagic metalloproteinase(BR)were cloned into the expression vector pET-22b,respectively,and the corresponding two recombinant proteins,A-22b and BR-22b,were produced in inclusion bodies in E.coli BL21(DE3).The reombinant proteins were then subjected to solubilization,purification and refolding in vitro.A-22b showed hemorrhagic activity and fibronectin.Natural autolysin A had both hemorrhagic activity and proteolytic activity toward these substrates.BR-22b showed the proteolytic activities toward fibrinogen,but no hemorrhagic activity.In addition,two chimeric genes,C1 and C2,were constructed and cloned into pET-22b,and the corresponding recombinant proteins,C1-22b and C2-22b,were also expressed in inclusion bodies.C1-22b involved N-terminal 110 amino acidos of BR and C-terminal 95 amino acids of acutolysin A,while C2-22b contained N-terminal 108 amino acids of acutolysin A and C-terminal 112 amino acids of BR. The biological activities of A-22b and BR-22b,respectively.Our results suggested that N-terminal major subdomain of a snake venom metalloproteinase might play a key role in hemorrhagic activity and have an appreciable effect on the selectivity for protein substrates.     

产碱假单胞菌碱性脂肪酶的克隆表达及酶学性质

【目的】为获得可应用于酯类水解及合成的脂肪酶资源,本研究通过筛选分离得到能够水解长链脂肪酸酯的脂肪酶产生菌,克隆表达其脂肪酶基因并研究脂肪酶的酶学性质。【方法】从环境中筛选分离出可水解三硬脂酸甘油酯的菌株,利用16SrDNA对其进行分子鉴定,并扩增其脂肪酶基因和脂肪酶分子伴侣基因。以pET-22b(+)为表达载体,构建共表达重组质粒,转化Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)进行异源表达,并对重组酶进行酶学性质研究。【结果】经16SrDNA鉴定该菌株为产碱假单胞菌Pseudomonas alcaligenes。通过PCR成功克隆到该菌的脂肪酶基因(lipPA-9A)和脂肪酶分子伴侣基因(lipPA-9B),并构建共表达重组质粒pET22b-lipPA-9A-9B,实现脂肪酶LIP-9A的活性表达。酶学性质研究表明LIP-9A的最适反应温度为35℃,最适反应pH值为10.5,最适反应底物为对硝基苯酚辛酸酯(pNPO);同时,LIP-9A还可以催化醇和羧酸发生酯化反应产生酯类物质。【结论】LIP-9A在碱性条件下具有较高活力,且可以催化酯化反应,在洗涤行业和酯合成领域具有一定的应用价值。     

大黄欧文菌中蔗糖异构酶基因的克隆表达及应用

以大黄欧文菌(Erwinia rhapontici)NX-5基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增得到编码蔗糖异构酶(SIase)的基因palⅠ,构建克隆载体pUC18-palⅠ。经测序正确后,将palⅠ亚克隆至表达载体pET-22b(+)上,并在E.coliBL21(DE3)中成功表达相对分子质量约为66 000的可溶性蛋白。通过Ni-NTA柱对表达产物进行纯化,纯酶的比活为40 U/mg。转化条件研究表明:重组菌能够高效转化质量分数为50%的蔗糖溶液,转化液中异麦芽酮糖得率为85%。     

Molecular cloning of a full-length cDNA for ECBP21 from Angelica dahurica

ECBP21 is an extracellular calmodulin-binding protein which was first detected and purified from extracellular extracts of suspension-cultured cells of Angelica dahurica. The purified protein was electroblotted onto PVDF membrane and the amino acid sequences from 1 to 20 were determined. Using degenerate oligonucleotides of the sequence, a full-length cDNA coding for ECBP21 was isolated by a combination of RT-PCR and 5′-RACE cloning. The cDNA contains 947 nucleotides and codes for a precursor protein of 216 amino acids. The N-terminal 1-25 amino acid sequence is a predicted signal peptide and the other 26-216 amino acid sequence is a mature peptide. The 26-45 amino acid sequence shows identity with the N-terminal amino acid sequence of purified ECBP21 from Angelica dahurica. The fragment of encoding the mature protein was cloned into pET-28b(+) and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). A protein with relative molecular mass 21 ku was expressed in E. coli. Using a biotinylated-CaM gel overlay technique, the expression protein was tested for its ability to bind CaM. The results indicated that the expression protein is a Ca2+- dependent CaM-binding protein. Thus, these results further defined the cDNA clone for ECBP21. This work laid a foundation for elucidating biological functions of ECBP21 by using molecular biological means.     

Nerve growth factor activity of several immunal related serine proteases

Rabbit was immuned by the previously purified protein with high nerve growth factor (NGF) bioactivity (NGF_like protease) from \%Agkistrodon halys Pallas\% and the antisera were collected. The polyclonal antibodies were tentatively purified and then used as ligands of an affinity column. The \%A.h.Pallas\% crude venom was fractionated by this affinity column and then by Mono Q on fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). As a result, fraction Ⅱ and fraction Ⅲ were purified respectively, whose N_terminal amino acid sequences show high homology with the serine proteases in snake venoms, as well as the previous NGF_like protease. However, they possessed different levels of NGF bioactivity. The NGF activity of the previous NGF_like protease is equivalent to that of NGF, while the activity of fraction Ⅱ seems relatively low in contrast to fraction Ⅲ which had no NGF activity.     

蛇足石杉内生真菌Shiraia sp. Slf14中III型聚酮合酶的表达、纯化及生物信息学分析

竹红菌素是我国特有的一类苝醌类光敏色素,在开发新型抗肿瘤抗病毒药物、光敏活性农药及新型光电转换材料等方面应用前景广阔.聚酮合酶（ Polyketide synthase,PKS）是合成竹红菌素的一种关键酶,通过全基因组测序及分析发现在Shiraia sp. Slf14中存在一个III型聚酮合酶基因.利用RT-PCR技术,以其总RNA为模板,扩增得到目的片段,并成功构建表达载体pET-22b（+）-PKSIII,采用Ni-NTA亲和层析法纯化目的蛋白,在大肠杆菌BL21（ DE3）中成功表达出了目的蛋白,SDS-PAGE结果显示表达重组产物分子质量约为43 kDa,与理论值一致,为III型聚酮合酶的催化活性研究提供理论依据.     

Geobacillus sp. POT5 α-淀粉酶基因的克隆及表达

从高温环境土壤中分离到1株能在75℃生长并产生α-淀粉酶的菌株(POT5),扩增了其16Sr DNA核苷酸序列,序列分析表明该菌属于Geobacillus属.根据该属全基因序列测定数据中推定的α-淀粉酶基因,利用PCR方法从G.sp.POT5基因组中扩增得到该菌α-淀粉酶基因(amyP).序列分析表明该基因全长1.545 kb、G+C含量51.33%,编码514个氨基酸.构建重组表达质粒pET22b(+)-amyP,转化Escherichia coliBL21系统,表达产物经SDS-PAGE分析、活性染色及淀粉酶活力分析,表明amyP基因得到了表达,且产物具有生物学活性.     

Burkholderia cepacia XYU-6脂肪酶的克隆及其细胞表面展示

通过分析GenBank中Burkholderia cepacia脂肪酶的序列,设计简并引物,采用同源克隆的策略,成功地从B. cepacia XYU-6菌株中克隆到脂肪酶基因bcl,其大小为1095 bp,编码364个氨基酸（ GenBank登陆号KR233260）.将bcl基因与质粒pET-28b（＋）连接并转化大肠杆菌,使脂肪酶BCL的大肠杆菌胞内过表达,其活力是野生菌的12.9倍.通过将bcl基因克隆到细胞表面展示载体pZXL中,构建脂肪酶BCL的细胞表面展示工程菌,使BCL在Lpp-OmpA引导下定位于大肠杆菌细胞表面,其活力是野生菌的3.9倍.研究结果为脂肪酶BCL后续的分子改造和应用奠定基础.     

扁豆几丁质酶基因的克隆及表达

以扁豆总RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR技术扩增到长度为885 bp的扁豆几丁质酶基因cDNA,其编码294个氨基酸,目的蛋白的分子量为28.429 kDa.以该基因构建pET-21a-chi表达载体并在E.coli BL21(DE3)中表达.30℃下,用0.1 mmol.L-1IPTG,诱导5 h,表达产物的酶活力为36.25 U.mL-1.通过常压Sephadex G-50凝胶过滤色谱,DEAE-650C常压与高效离子交换色谱对表达产物进行纯化.目标蛋白达到电泳纯(SDS电泳一条带),几丁质酶的比活力108.42 U.mg-1.表达的蛋白质产物主要以可溶性形式存在.     

噬夏孢欧文氏菌类crtB基因的克隆及在大肠杆菌中的表达

噬夏孢欧文氏菌类胡萝卜素合成相关基因crtB,编码八氢番茄红素合成酶。利用PCR技术扩增出crtB基因,克隆进表达载体,构建表达质粒pET-15bcrtB。重组质粒转化大肠杆菌,构建工程菌株。经IPTG诱导,工程菌高效表达了重组八氢番茄红素合成酶,表达量占菌体总蛋白的40%。重组蛋白以包含体形式存在,包含体经洗涤、尿素溶解、复性并经镍离子树脂亲和层析、Superdex 75凝胶层析柱纯化,得到了电泳纯的重组八氢番茄红素合成酶,带有His-tag的该蛋白分子量为35 kDa,pI值为7.3。     

Shewanella haliotis BP-1海藻酸裂解酶基因的克隆表达

【目的】了解海洋细菌Shewanella haliotis BP-1中海藻酸裂解酶降解海藻酸钠的生物活性。【方法】应用基因克隆和大肠杆菌异源表达技术,过量表达海藻酸裂解酶,将粗酶液通过DEAE Sepharose FF柱分离纯化后检测其酶活性。【结果】从S.haliotis BP-1菌株的基因组DNA中克隆得到一个大小为2 157bp的海藻酸裂解酶基因Alg17S,该基因编码的海藻酸裂解酶Alg17S属于PL17家族的蛋白,大小为79 726Da,其中包括N端26个氨基酸的信号肽,与Saccharophagus degradans 2-40菌株产生的海藻酸裂解酶Alg17C具有高度同源性,相似性为52%。经纯化后获得的重组酶Alg17S和△snAlg17S(N端不含26个氨基酸的信号肽)均具有降解海藻酸钠的活性,但△snAlg17S对海藻酸钠的催化活性比Alg17S高,其酶比活力高达9 635U/mg。【结论】重组海藻酸裂解酶△snAlg17S兼具高表达水平及高酶活性,是进一步研究海藻酸盐糖化和生物燃料生产的潜在的优势酶。     

大肠杆菌中插入表达信号肽提高吡咯喹啉醌产量的研究

本文将载体pET-22b的信号肽基因pelb插入pET-28a-pqq的T7启动子和pqq基因之间,得到重组工程菌E.coli-BL21(pET-28a-pelb-pqq),发酵生产吡咯喹啉醌（PQQ）。结果表明PQQ最高产量可达40.73mg/L,比对照菌E.coli-BL21(pET-28a-pqq)提高了24.36%。此外,工程菌和对照菌前3h发酵的单位菌体产量及单位菌体产率均较高,且此后呈下降趋势。而E.coli-BL21(pET-28a-pelb-pqq)在21h后的PQQ产量及生物量均增加,推测PQQ产量与菌体生物量之间存在同促关系。     

人溶菌酶N端与Exendin-4嵌合蛋白的基因克隆及原核表达

目的:克隆嵌合多肽人溶菌酶N端-Exendin-4基因并进行原核表达和纯化.方法:通过重组PCR技术将人溶菌酶N端74个氨基酸的基因序列与Exendin-4多肽基因序列相连接,其间引入一段由凝血酶和二肽基肽酶识别位点组成的连接序列.以嵌合基因hLYZ(N74)-Ex4与质粒pET-32a(+)构建原核表达体,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)并诱导表达.表达蛋白经Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化、Western blotting鉴定;透析复性后,以肠激酶切割并回收目的多肽.结果:重组质粒pET-32a/hLYZ(N74)-Ex4构建正确,目的蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,37℃诱导4h、IPTG浓度为0.6 mmol/L时表达量最高,约占菌体蛋白总量的30%.Western blotting检测显示重组蛋白为单一清晰条带.重组蛋白经肠激酶切割后,回收得到高纯度的嵌合多肽.结论:成功构建hLYZ(N74)-Ex4嵌合基因的原核表达质粒,高效原核表达并获得高纯度目的蛋白.     

重组大鼠溶菌酶N端多肽的原核表达及其对晚期糖基化终产物的结合作用

目的:探讨溶菌酶N端多肽片段基因的重组并在原核中表达,研究该片段与晚期糖基化终产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)的结合作用。方法:从SD大鼠外周血白细胞中抽提总RNA,经逆转录并扩增大鼠溶菌酶N端基因片段,以质粒pET-30 a( )为载体构建表达质粒pLY77。含pLY77的工程菌Rosetta(DE3)经IPTG诱导,对该重组多肽进行高效表达。表达产物经N i -NTA琼脂糖柱层析纯化后,得到的溶菌酶N端多肽片段LY77经SDS-PAGE和W estern印迹法鉴定,ELISA法分析体外结合活性。结果:LY77在Rosetta(DE3)中高效表达,主要以可溶性蛋白的形式存在,相对分子质量约为11 000;LY77对体外制备的晚期糖基化蛋白BSA-AGEs具有显著的结合活性。结论:LY77对AGEs具有很高的亲和力,为进一步探讨LY77可能应用于体内促进AGEs的清除和参与免疫调节作用奠定基础。     

小反刍兽疫病毒融合蛋白基因的克隆、序列分析及表达

根据GenBank报道的小反刍兽疫病毒(PPRV)融合蛋白(F)基因序列,用特异性引物对PPRV疫苗株F蛋白基因进行了RT-PCR扩增,并将其克隆到pGEM-T载体中进行测序。结果表明:F基因ORF全长1641 bp,编码546个氨基酸;推导的氨基酸序列中第1~18位氨基酸构成信号肽序列,第488~510氨基酸为跨膜区。构建原核表达载体pETF1和pETF2,转化E.coliBL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting的分析结果表明,F1和F2基因在大肠杆菌中均获得了表达,且均具有良好的反应原性。用Ni-NTA试剂盒纯化F1和F2重组蛋白,为研发检测PPRV特异性抗体的诊断试剂奠定了基础。     

Molecular cloning of a fulllength cDNA for ECBP21 from Angelica dahurica

ECBP21 is an extracellular calmodulin-binding protein which was first detected and purified from extracellular extracts of suspension-cultured cells of Angelica dahurica. The purified protein was electroblotted onto PVDF membrane and the amino acid sequences from 1 to 20 were determined. Using degenerate oligonucleotides of the sequence, a full-length cDNA coding for ECBP21 was isolated by a combination of RT-PCR and 5′-RACE cloning. The cDNA contains 947 nucleotides and codes for a precursor protein of 216 amino acids. The N-terminal 1–25 amino acid sequence is a predicted signal peptide and the other 26–216 amino acid sequence is a mature peptide. The 26–45 amino acid sequence shows identity with the N-terminal amino acid sequence of purified ECBP21 from Angelica dahurica. The fragment of encoding the mature protein was cloned into pET-28b(+) and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). A protein with relative molecular mass 21 ku was expressed in E. coli. Using a biotinylated-CaM gel overlay technique, the expression protein was tested for its ability to bind CaM. The results indicated that the expression protein is a Ca²⁺-dependent CaM-binding protein. Thus, these results further defined the cDNA clone for ECBP21. This work laid a foundation for elucidating biological functions of ECBP21 by using molecular biological means.     

豹蛙酶的基因克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

根据豹蛙酶的氨基酸序列,采用大肠杆菌偏爱密码子设计引物,重叠延伸PCR法合成出目的基因,约350bp。将得到的片断克隆于载体pGEM-T中并测序,再连接至表达载体pET-22b(+)中,重组质粒转入大肠杆菌Rosetta中。转化的重组大肠杆菌用终浓度1 mmol/L的IPTG诱导外源基因表达,采用Tricine-SDS-PAGE系统,分析目标蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,其质量分数可达48.8%。利用液相电喷雾串联质谱方式(LC-ESI-MS/MS)鉴定蛋白,通过LCQ DECA XP Plus系统进行蛋白序列的分析,其覆盖率达到35%,确定了其蛋白质一级结构的正确性。     

峨嵋双蝴蝶植物提取物的抗五步蛇毒作用

研究峨嵋双蝴蝶植物水提物的抗五步蛇毒作用.建立小鼠五步蛇毒中毒模型,观察小鼠的中毒表现,并统计小鼠的死亡率,比较小鼠组织出血、组织坏死及组织溃疡状况.结果发现,峨嵋双蝴蝶植物水提物给药组动物的死亡率较模型组的明显下降,局部和全身症状较轻,而且随着剂量的增加症状显著减轻,尤其是对于组织的保护作用比较明显.峨嵋双蝴蝶植物水提物具有抗五步蛇毒作用,能降低蛇毒毒性.     

HIV F/3' orf encodes a phosphorylated GTP-binding protein resembling an oncogene product

Apart from the retroviral gag, pol and env the HIV genome contains the F (3' orf) gene which encodes a polypeptide of 206 amino acids which is myristylated at the N-terminal and whose function is unknown. We have expressed the F gene in Escherichia coli and from a recombinant vaccinia virus, VVTGfHIV. The F-protein produced in VVTGfHIV-infected mammalian cells is myristilated, and is phosphorylated by protein kinase C at a residue close to the N-terminus like pp60-src (ref. 5). Purified bacterial F-protein also shows the GTPase, autophosphorylation and GTP-binding activities reported for the ras gene product. Furthermore, we show that expression of F in a CD4+ cell line down-regulates the CD4(T4) antigen. These results suggest that F is important in the pathophysiology of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome).     

组氨酸标签木聚糖酶的构建表达和酶特性鉴定

通过改变终止密码子位点,在一个耐热木聚糖酶突变株DSB的C末端添加了6聚组氨酸标签(His-tag),并完成了表达和酶特性鉴定.通过PCR将嗜热真菌DSM 10635来源的木聚糖酶突变体基因dsb的终止密码子序列定点突变为谷氨酸密码子序列,连接到表达载体pET-22b(+),转化Escherichia coli.BL21(DE3),诱导表达的耐热木聚糖酶DSB在C端含有6×His-tag.表达产物经硫酸铵分级沉淀和Ni Sepharose层析纯化,获得了电泳纯重组酶DSB.结果表明:添加组氨酸标签的酶与原始酶相比,酶学特性无变化.SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示该酶分子量约为23 kDa,重组酶最适pH为6.5,最适温度为75℃,在pH 5¹0具有良好的稳定性,在pH 6.5,70℃条件下处理30min相对酶活力仍保留80%以上.