高温对碱矿渣水泥石产物及微结构的影响

通过X射线衍射、红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜等微观测试手段,分别对水玻璃和NaOH为碱组分的碱矿渣水泥石高温后的产物和微观形貌进行分析.结果表明:以水玻璃和NaOH为碱组分的碱矿渣水泥石高温后的产物和形貌变化规律相似;受火温度为400℃以下时,质量损失主要是由于可蒸发水的失去;受火温度为600℃时,碱矿渣水泥石中大量的C-S-H凝胶失去结合水,结构分解并发生固相反应,反应产物为钙黄长石;800～1 000℃时,C-S-H凝胶特征峰消失,碱矿渣水泥石结构主要由钙黄长石晶体组成.     

苛性碱对碱矿渣水泥砂浆抗压强度和抗折强度的影响

以NaOH和KOH为激发剂,研究苛性碱掺量不同时,碱矿渣水泥砂浆(ASM)3、 7、 28、 90 d的抗压强度和抗折强度.采用压汞仪测试其净浆试件的孔结构;采用场发射扫描电子显微镜观察其砂浆试件的微观形貌.研究表明, ASM的抗压强度和抗折强度随着苛性碱掺量的增大,呈先上升后下降的变化规律.水胶比为0.4时, NaOH的最佳掺量(以Na_2O质量计)为矿渣质量的6%;KOH的最佳掺量(以K_2O质量计)为矿渣质量的4%.当激发剂掺量均为最佳掺量时, KOH作为激发剂的ASM的90 d龄期抗压强度和抗折强度分别比NaOH作为激发剂的ASM的90 d抗压强度和抗折强度高16.48%和12.65%.与采用NaOH作为激发剂的ASM相比,采用KOH作为激发剂的ASM的成本更低,性价比更高.     

热采井固井水泥含氯促凝剂作用机理研究

含氯促凝剂曾在稠油热采井固井中得到应用,但高温下对油井水泥石性能的影响及机理却未得到深入研究。评价了不同加量及种类的促凝剂对加砂水泥石抗压强度的影响,并深入考察了含氯促凝剂对加砂水泥石抗压强度的影响,结合X–衍射和电镜扫描分析了含氯促凝剂加砂水泥石高温前后水化产物组分和微观形貌变化,探讨了含氯促凝剂对加砂水泥石结构变化的作用机理,结果表明：水化产物硬硅钙石是水泥石高温后强度不衰退的主要原因,当温度超过230 ℃时,水泥石水化产物组分受到氯离子的影响,生成了新的斜长钙石组分,改变了水泥石微观结构,是水泥抗压强度急剧衰退的主要原因。     

不同碱当量、粉煤灰和矿渣掺量对碱激发粉煤灰-矿渣地聚物力学性能及微观结构的影响

粉煤灰、矿渣复配组成碱激发复合水泥可以改善单一组分碱激发水泥的性能劣势。为了研究不同碱当量、不同粉煤灰和矿渣掺量对碱激发粉煤灰-矿渣砂浆力学性能、干燥收缩及微观结构特性的影响,采用抗压、抗折强度试验、吸水率试验、干燥收缩试验、微观扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)及傅里叶红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, FTIR)试验进行表征。结果表明:3、7、28 d龄期时,随着碱当量和矿渣掺量增加,粉煤灰-矿渣砂浆抗压、抗折强度呈逐渐增加趋势,吸水率和干燥收缩率呈逐渐下降趋势。其中龄期为28 d,碱当量为6%、矿渣掺量为100%时,碱激发粉煤灰-矿渣砂浆抗压强度达到峰值110.84 MPa,抗折强度达到峰值10.77 MPa,吸水率最小,为1.2%,与4%的粉煤灰-矿渣砂浆相比,碱当量为6%的砂浆干燥收缩率均减少10%以上。由微观分析知,粉煤灰-矿渣砂浆在碱激发作用下水化产物主要为铝硅酸盐凝胶和水化硅酸钙凝胶,粉煤灰掺量越大,凝胶结晶度越低。碱当量越大,体系水化产物数量越多,结构越密实。     

高密度高炉矿渣水泥浆固井技术研究

以低密度矿渣水泥浆研究结果为基础 ,设计高密度水泥浆 ,使油气井全井段使用矿渣水泥浆固井 ,以提高固井质量 ,降低固井成本 .以高炉矿渣为水化胶凝材料 ,添加少量水泥和碱性激活剂 ,结合 MTC固井技术和多功能钻井液固井技术 ,设计密度 1 .75～ 1 .93 g/cm3 的矿渣水泥浆、矿渣MTC浆和矿渣 UF浆 .对 3种高密度矿渣水泥浆在 45～ 75℃条件下水泥石的抗压强度 ,水泥浆的凝结时间、流变性和稳定性进行试验对比 .试验结果表明 :3种水泥浆水泥石抗压强度从大到小依次为 :矿渣 UF浆 ,矿渣 MTC浆 ,矿渣水泥浆 .3种体系水泥石抗压强度满足油气井井下射孔作业对水泥石抗压强度的要求 .在 45～ 75℃条件下 ,随着温度的升高 ,高密度矿渣水泥浆和矿渣 UF浆水泥石抗压强度呈降低趋势 .矿渣 MTC浆和矿渣 UF浆的流变性、稳定性和稠化时间可通过钻井液的加量及性能来调整     

矿渣抗腐蚀水泥的性能评价

随着油田的开发,地下流体对水泥石的腐蚀更加严重.通过在G级水泥中添加矿渣,可提高水泥石的抗腐蚀性.加入矿渣的大连G级水泥浆表观黏度下降,稠化时间缩短,水泥石的抗压强度降低,但水泥石强度发展均匀,未出现强度衰退的现象.加入的矿渣填充在水泥石的孔隙之间,参与水化反应;生成大量的针状的钙钒石,使得水泥石孔隙减小,抑制腐蚀性离子的侵入,从而提高水泥石的抗腐蚀性.     

氢氧化钾-水玻璃对碱矿渣水泥水化行为的影响

固定水灰比为0. 35,研究了氢氧化钾-水玻璃复合碱组分作用下碱矿渣水泥的凝结时间和抗压强度的变化规律。通过水化放热实验,研究了4%碱当量不同模数的复合碱组分作用下碱矿渣水泥的水化动力学过程。结果表明:以氢氧化钾-水玻璃复合作为碱组分的碱矿渣水泥,低水玻璃模数条件下,溶液中氢氧根离子浓度高,矿渣溶解速度快,水化放热增长迅速,凝结时间短,强度高;高模数条件下,溶液黏度高,氢氧根离子浓度低,凝结时间长,强度较低;对比而言,溶液模数为1. 5时,碱矿渣水泥的综合性能最佳。     

铁酸钙粘结相自身强度的研究

以烧结矿中的铁酸钙粘结相为研究对象,考察了粘结相自身的抗折、抗压强度随粘结相组成的变化规律.实验考察了不同n(CaO)∶n(Fe2O3)(摩尔比)以及MgO,SiO2和Al2O3含量对铁酸钙粘结相的抗折、抗压强度的影响规律.结果表明,n(CaO):n(Fe2O3)=1∶2时,粘结相的抗折、抗压强度最高,添加MgO使粘结相抗折、抗压强度下降,适量的SiO2(w(SiO2)<3%)能提高粘结相的抗折、抗压强度,但随Al2O3含量的增加,粘结相的抗折、抗压强度下降.     

碳源对不烧Al2O3-Al-C质滑板强度的影响

研究土状石墨、鳞片石墨、炭黑和高温沥青4种炭素材料对不烧Al2O3-Al-C质滑板热处理后强度的影响,借助X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和能谱仪等分析了试样的物相变化和微观结构.结果表明,碳源的引入可以大幅提高不烧Al2O3-Al-C质滑板材料在1 100 ℃下热处理后的常温抗折强度,但降低了其在1 600 ℃下热处理后的抗折强度;不同种类碳源将对试样的抗折强度产生不同程度的影响,这主要与试样内部生成的物相种类、含量和形貌有关.     

油井水泥增韧剂的无皂乳液合成及性能评价

针对丁苯胶乳增韧剂存在的问题,合成了一种油井水泥胶乳增韧剂OWCL-1G并对其性能进行了评价.引入反应型乳化剂2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS),采用无皂乳液聚合,避免了传统乳液聚合中残存的乳化剂吸水后导致水泥石溶胀、软化、强度下降等不利后果.乳液热失重、抗盐性、冻融稳定性测试表明:OWCL-1G耐热性良好,260,℃时开始分解,其抗盐达饱和,冻融稳定性良好.对含OWCL-1G水泥浆API失水量考察发现,OWCL-1G具有一定的控失水能力,与降失水剂配伍使用可获得低滤失量水泥浆.抗压和抗折强度测试表明,水泥石抗折强度明显提升,说明OWCL-1G有效增强了水泥石的韧性.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试表明,胶乳颗粒在水泥微缝隙间形成绒状桥接结构,而纯水泥的水化产物没有这种结构.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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