复配抗紫外光老化剂对改善沥青光老化性能的影响

采用紫外光耐候实验箱加速老化系统模拟沥青自然环境下紫外光老化,通过对沥青光老化前后针入度、软化点和延度性能的测试以及FTIR（Fourier Transform Infrared）红外光谱检测,对比分析了复配抗紫外光老化剂对提高沥青抗紫外光老化性能的影响,并对其机理进行了分析,研究结果显示,在一定的老化环境下,添加抗紫外光老化剂的沥青试样老化后与基质沥青老化后相比,针入度增加,软化点减小,延度增加,其抗老化性能有显著提高;添加复配添加剂质量百分比为5％A＋1.5％B的沥青试样,三大性能指标变化百分比较大且羰基特征吸收峰减弱,改善沥青的抗光老化性能较好。     

三元乙丙橡胶紫外老化表观行为及纳米防老化剂作用机制

基于荧光紫外加速老化实验,追踪三元乙丙橡胶的老化过程,研究添加纳米防老化剂对材料表观老化行为和抗老化能力的影响,并利用傅里叶红外光谱和紫外吸收光谱分析纳米防老化剂的作用机制.随着老化时间的延长,试样表面粗糙度增加,色差和失光率变大,羰基指数上升,紫外吸收率下降.傅里叶红外光谱分析显示,表面二氧化硅膜包覆抑制了纳米二氧化钛的光催化作用,延缓了三元乙丙橡胶的老化进程.添加纳米防老化剂后,试样表面孔洞密度减少,色差和失光率分别降低0.97和22.29%,羰基指数下降0.06,紫外光吸收率升高3.92%,三元乙丙橡胶的抗紫外老化能力提高.     

丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层的紫外老化行为

针对丙烯酸聚氨酯防腐涂层进行紫外加速老化实验,采用光泽度、色差检测以及SEM、FTIR分析,结合交流阻抗谱法(EIS),研究丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层的紫外老化行为.结果表明:用光泽度表征涂层光降解程度更灵敏;由接触角及色差等变化规律可将丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层紫外老化分为前期(慢速光老化)、中期(快速光老化)和后期(慢速光老化)三阶段.对涂层进行表面化学分析认为丙烯酸聚氨酯的紫外光降解主要是O—CH键及C—N键断裂导致的;涂层表面形貌和性能与EIS结果对比分析显示丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层发生明显降解之前防护性能已经明显下降.     

抗剥落剂对沥青及沥青混合料耐久性影响

为了研究添加抗剥落剂对沥青混合料的耐久性影响,对添加抗剥落剂的沥青测试其老化后三大指标,并测试添加抗剥落剂沥青混合料的老化后的水稳定性、高低温稳定性,分析抗剥落剂对沥青及沥青混合料的性能影响。结果表明:随着长期老化时间增加,掺加抗剥落剂的沥青性能衰减较未掺加抗剥落剂的明显;而且抗剥落剂掺量越大,这种衰减越明显;不同抗剥落剂掺量下沥青老化属于一级反应,随着抗剥落剂掺量的增加,沥青老化反应速率常数呈现增大趋势;沥青混合料未老化时,随着抗剥落剂掺量增加,其水稳定性和低温性能呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,高温稳定性呈现降低趋势;经过短期老化和长期老化后,混合料的水稳定性和低温性能均呈现下降趋势、高温稳定性呈现增大趋势;且长期老化后掺加抗剥落剂的沥青混合料性能影响尤为明显。     

添加流变助剂的烟草薄片性能

涂布工艺是造纸法烟草薄片加工过程中的核心技术之一.文中通过添加流变助剂CMC、GG-50、CGG于涂料中,调整涂料性质,改善涂布工艺,分析流变助剂添加与涂布加工后薄片性质之间的关系.研究表明,随着流变助剂添加量的增大,涂料的黏度增高,涂布后烟草薄片的松厚度、透气度和填充值降低,而抗张强度和撕裂指数提高,主流烟气中焦油、总粒相物和一氧化碳的释放量增加.涂布后薄片的SEM分析表明,当3种流变助剂的用量均为0.1%时,薄片表面呈现较好的涂层结构,涂料均匀填充于薄片纸基内部,且涂层表面没有片状结构生成.     

溴/锑复配阻燃ABS体系的耐候性研究

采用十溴联苯醚和四溴双酚A与Sb₂O₃复配法制备了阻燃ABS共混物, 研究了采用受阻胺光稳定剂和苯并三唑类紫外光吸收剂对溴阻燃ABS耐紫外光老化性能的影响;TiO₂作为紫外线物理阻隔剂和屏蔽剂对溴阻燃ABS耐候性能的影响。结果表明, 采用四溴双酚A阻燃的ABS共混物具有较好的光稳定性; 通过物理的紫外线阻隔、屏蔽剂和化学的紫外线吸收剂和稳定剂的协同作用, 可使溴阻燃的ABS达到优异的耐紫外光老化性能 (300h氙灯老化的色差值由35.1下降到7.01) ,使材料在长期使用过程中, 保持优良的力学性能。     

拉伸应力作用下聚氯乙烯涂层膜结构材料的户外老化性能

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)涂层膜结构材料为研究对象,在无应力(0%)以及5%,10%和20%3种载荷水平的应力作用下,对膜结构材料进行了为期7个月的户外老化试验.在老化过程中对膜结构材料的白度、表面形态、拉伸性能进行测试,并对老化后的产物进行了傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析.试验结果表明:载荷水平20%的应力作用下老化7个月时,白度值下降19.81%,断裂强力保持率下降10.63%,而断裂伸长率仅下降8.89%,但此应力作用下PVC涂层表面老化4个月就能明显观察到裂纹的出现,即应力作用下试样表面涂层的白度值、表面形态变化都相对较明显,而拉伸性能变化不很明显.FTIR分析结果表明:不同应力作用下试样的光氧老化机理没有发生变化,羰基指数的变化说明应力作用加速了涂层膜结构材料的老化.     

硅溶胶浸渍处理对毛竹光老化性能的影响

为研究硅溶胶浸渍处理对毛竹光老化性能的影响,探索利用硅溶胶改善竹材耐光老化性能的可行性,以毛竹为试验材料,采用傅里叶红外分析方法,对硅溶胶浸渍及光老化处理前后毛竹表面化学成分进行分析; 通过色差测试,研究硅溶胶浸渍处理前后毛竹加速光老化条件下的色彩稳定性; 结合扫描电镜及能谱分析,总结硅溶胶处理及光老化处理前后毛竹内部硅溶胶分布情况,并分析其对毛竹光老化性能的影响。研究结果显示:加速光老化后,毛竹在波数1 720、1 594、1 510、1 462及1 035 cm^-1等处吸收峰产生变化,说明毛竹表面的半纤维素及木质素产生了光降解; 而在浸渍硅溶胶后,光老化毛竹化学成分对应位置的吸收峰变化减少,说明硅溶胶对毛竹耐光老化性能有改善效果。色差分析结果同样显示,硅溶胶浸渍处理后毛竹的色差减小,耐光老化性能得到改善。扫描电镜及能谱分析结果显示:硅溶胶浸渍处理后,硅溶胶填充于毛竹细胞腔内,对毛竹内部化学物质起保护作用; 而老化处理后,毛竹内部硅溶胶会产生一定程度的流失。浸渍处理后硅溶胶在毛竹内部主要以物理填充方式分布于细胞腔中,起到对其内部化学物质(纤维素、半纤维素及木质素等)的保护作用,使毛竹光老化后色差减小,耐光老化性能加强。因此,利用硅溶胶改善竹材耐光老化性能具有可行性。     

光辐射对丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层防腐保护性能的影响

以氙灯为光源,对丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层/碳钢体系进行人工加速老化实验,用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、光学显微镜和光泽仪对老化的涂层进行分析表征,用盐雾实验测试涂层老化后的防腐性能,初步探讨了光辐射对涂层保护性能的影响.结果表明,不同老化周期的体系在盐雾实验后,表面涂层的保护状态均基本完好,但膜下金属腐蚀程度随老化时间的增加而加剧.其原因是:光辐射使涂层中C—N键断裂,且随老化时间的延长,涂层表面粗糙程度增加,光泽度下降;涂层化学结构及表面状态的变化加速了腐蚀介质在涂层中的渗透,从而导致膜下金属腐蚀加重.     

纳米SiO2粒子复合对聚脲涂层耐蚀性能的影响

采用紫外光暴露+冷凝的紫外加速老化试验,结合表面形貌观察测试了纳米SiO2粉体复合聚脲涂层的光老化性能,采用3·5%NaCl溶液浸泡试验测试了涂层的耐海水浸泡腐蚀性能,通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、自腐蚀电位和交流阻抗图谱等分析了不同涂层的耐蚀性能.结果表明:纳米SiO2粉体显著提高了芳香族聚脲涂层的耐蚀性能,自腐蚀电位由-40mV升高至60mV,电化学阻抗模值增加了约一个数量级,涂层进入迅速老化阶段的时间延长了约120h,在3·5%NaCl溶液中的浸泡寿命提高了约600h.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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