非晶晶化法制备纳米晶双相永磁合金的磁性

采用快淬及退火工艺,通过非晶晶化制备了两种成分的纳米晶,即Ｎｄ２Ｆ３１４Ｂ／α－Ｆｅ永磁合金。研究了添加Ｄｙ＋Ｇａ和晶化工艺对合金磁性能的影响,研究结果表明,三元Ｎｄ８．５Ｆｅ８６Ｂ５．５合金晶化是由３个过程组成的,而添加Ｄｙ＋Ｇａ的Ｎｄ７．５Ｄｙ１Ｆｅ８５Ｇａ２合金化是由２个过程组成的,与三元合金相比,添加Ｄｙ＋Ｇａ可改变α－Ｆｅ和Ｎｄ２Ｆ１４Ｂ相的形成温度及细化两相晶粒,可以显著提高合金的磁性     

非晶态Fe—B—Si合金退火转变过程动力学特征

用Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ公式和Ｋｉｓｓｉｎｇｅｒ方程对非晶态Ｆｅ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ合金的退火转变过程进行了系统的动力学分析。在低温结构弛豫阶段,Ｆｅ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ合金的结构弛豫激活能随温度的升高而单调增大;在晶化初期,非晶态Ｆｅ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ合金的表观晶化激活能随温度的升高而降低,在ＤＳＣ曲线上α－Ｆｅ转变最大速率处出现转折,温度高于转折点后,晶化激活能随温度的升高而单调增大。     

添加Dy和Nb的纳米复合Pr2Fe14B/α-Fe永磁合金结构和磁性

研究了添加Ｄｙ和Ｎｂ对纳米复合Ｐｒ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ／α－Ｆｅ永磁合金形成,组织结构及磁性的影响。结果表明：Ｐｒ９Ｆｅ８５Ｂ６非晶带的晶化过程,在α－Ｆｅ相初始晶化之后,出现Ｐｒ２Ｆｅ２３Ｂ３亚稳相,最终形成Ｐｒ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ＋α－Ｆｅ两相组织．而添加Ｄｙ或同时添加Ｄｙ和Ｎｂ后晶化过程不出现亚稳相．添加Ｄｙ和Ｎｂ元素显著地提高了纳米复合永磁合金的磁性能。最终获得了磁性能为Ｈｃｉ＝７０２．４ｋＡ／ｍ,Ｂｒ＝１．０３Ｔ,（ＢＨ）ｍａｘ＝１３２．６ｋＪ／ｍ３的纳米晶复合Ｐｒ８Ｄｙ１Ｆｅ８４Ｎｂ１Ｂ６永磁材料。     

纳米复合（NdDy）2（FeNb）14B／α—Fe永磁合金

采用单辊急冷法并晶化退火制备了高剩磁，高矫顽力和高磁能积的（ＮｄＤｙ）２（ＦｅＮｂ）１４Ｂ／α－Ｆｅ纳米复合永磁合金，其最佳磁性能分别为Ｂｒ＝１．０２Ｔ，Ｈｅｉ＝７０２ｋＡ／ｍ（ＢＨ）ｍａｘ＝１３４ｋＪ／ｍ＾３，合金的组织结构由硬磁相（ＮｄＤｙ）２（ＦｅＮｂ）１４Ｂ和软磁相α－Ｆｅ在纳米级范围内复合而成，两相的平均晶粒尺寸为３０ｎｍ，该咱合金优异的磁性能起源于纳米晶硬磁相和软磁相之间的磁交换耦合作     

非晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9激波晶化的X射线衍射研究

用Ｘ射线衍射研究了激波对Ｆｅ７３５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３５Ｂ９ 非合金的作用． 结果表明： 激波能使非晶态转变为纳米晶． 晶化主相αＦｅ 晶粒尺寸为２０ ～５０ ｎｍ , 晶格常数比纯Ｆｅ 的小． 同时形成了多种中间相和亚稳相． 差热分析进一步证实, 非晶的激波晶化比较完全, 而且晶化相相当稳定     

铁基非晶态合金晶化过程激活能的测定

阐述了Ｏｚａｗａ图法和Ｋｉｓｓｉｎｇｅｒ图法在测定铁基非晶态合金晶化过程激活能方面的应用，在满足不同加速率下的晶化温度所对应的晶化程度相同的前提下，用Ｏｚａｗａ图法和Ｋｉｓｓｉｎｇｅｒ图法测出的非晶态Ｆｅ７９Ｂ１６Ｓｉ５合金预晶化相α－Ｆｅ析出阶段的激自觉自愿能分别为３８２～４０７Ｋｊ／ｍｏｌ（Ｏｚａｗ图法）和３７４～３３９Ｋｊ／ｍｏｌ（Ｋｉｓｓｉｎｇｅｒ图法）测定结果十分接近，说明上述２种方法测     

磁记录用的BaFe_（12－2x）CoxTixO_（19）微粉的晶化特性研究

采用玻璃晶化法制备适合磁记录用的Ｃｏ－Ｔｉ替代型钡铁氧体ＢａＦｅ_（１２－２ｘ）Ｃｏ_ｘＴｉ_ＸＯ_（１９）（ｘ＝０，０．５，０．６，０．７，０．８，０．８５，０．９）微粉。动态（变温）Ｘ射线衍射和ＤＴＡ曲线分析表明，在非晶薄片基体的晶化过程中，随热处理温度的升高，首先晶化出ＢａＢ_２Ｏ_４和Ｂａ_２Ｂ_２Ｏ_７相，随后出现钡铁氧体相；温度到达８５０℃后，非磁性相消失，仅剩有磁性的钡铁氧体相．晶化过程为先成核而后长大。有关晶化条件对钡铁氧体微粉粒子尺寸及分布的影响、对形貌的影响也作了详细的探讨。     

快凝Al—Fe—V—Si—Nd合金中亚稳相Al8Fe4Nd的价电子结构及 …

应用固体与分子经验电子理论,对快凝（ＲＳ）Ａｌ－Ｆｅ－Ｖ－Ｓｉ－Ｎｄ合金中的复杂相Ａｌ８Ｆｅ４Ｎｄ的价电子结构进行了计算分析,并研究了相变温度与键络断开温度的关系,计算显示在Ａｌ８Ｆｅ４Ｎｄ合金相中存在１２种共价键,Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ,Ａｌ（１）＿Ａｌ（１）,Ｆｅ－Ａｌ（２）,Ａｌ（１）－Ａｌ（２）键属于强键集团,Ｆｅ－Ａｌ（１）,Ａｌ（２）－Ａｌ（２）,Ａｌ（１）－Ａｌ（１）,Ｎｄ－Ａｌ（１）,Ｎｄ－Ａ     

Ni82.5Cr7Si4.5B3Fe3多元非晶态合金钎料的晶化行为及其真…

采用示差扫描量热计（ＤＳＣ）和Ｘ射线衍射方法研究了Ｎｉ８２．５Ｃｒ７Ｓｉ４．５Ｂ３Ｆｅ３多元非晶态合金钎料在加热时的晶化特性。实验指出：随加热速率的增大，其晶化特征温度逐渐提高，晶化前所需孕育时间延长，并且晶化后的二次相变过程消失；探讨了该钎料的真空钎焊工艺性能和钎焊接头力学性能，以及预晶化处理对它们的影响，并与相同成分的粉状和粘带状晶态钎料进行了系统的比较。研究结果指出：非晶态钎料在工艺性能方面     

Co－（Cu，Ni）－B体系非晶态合金的制备及其热稳定性

用化学法制备了Ｃｏ－Ｂ、Ｃｏ－Ｃｕ－Ｂ及Ｃｏ－Ｎｉ－Ｂ非晶态合金，电子衍射表明合金为非晶，透射电镜证实合金是粒径约２０ｎｍ的球状颗粒。以示差量热法及Ｘ衍射分析研究了非晶态合金的热稳定性、晶化激活能及晶化行为。结果表明：激活能数据能从能量角度解释Ｃｏ－Ｂ热稳定性高于Ｃｏ－Ｃｕ（Ｎｉ）－Ｂ；非晶态合金的晶化过程是随处理温度升高而逐步进行的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-