氯胺消毒在给水中的应用

液氯消毒是目前应用较广泛的饮用水消毒剂,人们发现经过液氯消毒过的水中含有三卤甲烷、卤乙酸及其他大量的饮用水消毒副产物.三卤甲烷是一种环境激素物质可以致癌致突变.经氯化消毒的饮用水中还含有一定量的有机溴代物和碘代物,这些物质给人们健康造成威胁.相对液氯消毒、氯胺消毒是利用氯胺在水中缓慢释放的次氯酸进行消毒的,这样可以大大减少三卤甲烷和其他消毒副产物的生成量,消毒效果好、持续时间长.出厂水和管网水的微生物指标可低于国家饮用水卫生规范的最高限制.采用氯胺消毒能够很好地控制氯化消毒副产物的生成量.     

化学法制备ClO2的几种化学法比较

ClO2是一种新型强氧化剂，以其高效广谱的杀茵和漂白能力日益受到人们的关注，用其替代液氯消毒己成为一种必然趋势，简介了目前以氯酸盐、亚氯酸盐为主要原料制备ClO2的各种方法并比较其优缺点。     

管道分质供水的二氧化氯消毒试验

介绍了管道分质供水在理化指标和生物指标方面的特点,并对ClO2的消毒效能作了一些研究和探讨。试验研究表明,ClO2作为管道直接饮用水的消毒剂是可行的;在满足管道纯净水安全消毒的前提下,ClO2溶液投加量为0.3mg/L时,口感反应可以接受率接近90%。     

二氧化氯在饮用水消毒应用的探讨

二氧化氯(ClO2)是一种性能优越的饮用水消毒剂.本文对二氧化氯的特性、消毒原理和消毒的优点进行了介绍,着重阐述二氧化氯的制备方法,二氧化氯有害副产物的生成抑制和消除,分析了二氧化氯在水厂应用中自动化控制的问题.     

二氧化氯消毒剂在饮用水处理中的应用

近年来,饮用水源污染日趋严重,传统消毒剂Cl2将与水中的有机物合成大量的致癌或致诱变的副产物.ClO2作为氯系消毒剂的最佳替代品,它高效广谱杀菌、作用持久、安全可靠,在饮用水消毒方面表现出巨大的发展潜力,目前已经在美国等一些发达国家得到了大力推广.但在我国广泛应用还存在着发生器运行不稳定、设备材质耐腐蚀强度不足以及消毒成本较高等问题.     

二氧化氯在饮用水消毒中的应用研究

介绍在饮用水消毒应用的现状,探讨了二氧化氯消毒剂相对于液氯消毒的优越性。比较了二氧化氯的生产方法,及其应用于水厂消毒的工艺探讨。二氧化氯作为滤前消毒剂对水质的改善,从成本角度分析其应用前景广阔。     

三种饮用水消毒剂的应用比较

介绍了三种常用饮用水化学消毒剂氯(Cl2)、二氧化氯(ClO2)和臭氧(O3)的性质，以及它们的制备原理和方法，并比较了它们在饮水消毒应用中的利弊以及应用前景。     

二氧化氯与臭氧在给水处理中的作用分析

我国给水中应用的氧化消毒剂以液氯为主。但随着源水污染的变化，废水中各种有机物的含量有所增加，运用液氯消毒会产生氯代有机物，其中有的产物具有致突变作用。为满足人们对水质要求的不断提高，寻求能替代氯的更安全而经济的新型氧化消毒剂，成为今后给水处理的一个发展方向。其中，较有前途的是二氧化氯（ClO2）和臭氧（O3）。     

温度对液氯消毒自来水中汞的赋存状态的影响

自来水作为城乡居民的饮用水,只占人们日常生活用水的2%,而大部分自来水被用于洗涤和冲刷。液氯消毒自来水的处理费用比较高,如果所有自来水均按饮用水的标准进行处理,每立方米平均水价约为1.5元左右,然而日常生活用水完全没有必要都要达到饮用水的标准,98%的符合生活饮用水水质标准的自来水都被白白浪费了。如果采用分质供水,饮用水设置单独管网供水,而生活用水只做简单处理,将节约大量的供水费用。     

稳定性二氧化氯对病毒的消毒作用及应用

随着我国工农业、医药卫生事业、旅游业、环境业保护事业等方面的发展及社会交往频繁 ,杀菌、消毒的重要亦就显得更加突出 .一种优良的杀菌、消毒药剂不仅应能迅速地杀灭微生物 ,还要具备安全、稳定、无刺激、高效等优点 .ClO2 已被世界卫生组织列为A1级高效安全消毒剂 ,它具有广谱、高效、安全、快速等特点 .本文研究表明 ,ClO2 对大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、结核杆菌、艾滋病毒、乙肝病毒、脑髓炎病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、疱疹病毒、流感病毒等均有很好的杀灭作用[1,2 ] ,并在今年春天抗SARS中成为有用的消毒剂 .稳定性ClO2 的消毒杀菌作用是…     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with