公共产品供给的法治保障——作为公共产品的农村义务教育及其供给的制度保障

义务教育是一种准公共产品。因为对义务教育性质缺乏明晰的认识,导致农村义务教育经费分担体制不合理,进而导致农村义务教育缺乏足够的财政支持和制度保障。建构合理的农村义务教育经费分担体制,中央和省级政府应当承担更多的责任,同时要积极利用民间的力量,健全教育资源分配的公平性和有效性。     

公共产品供给的法治保障——作为公共产品的农村义务教育及其供给的制度保障

义务教育是一种准公共产品.因为对义务教育性质缺乏明晰的认识,导致农村义务教育经费分担体制不合理,进而导致农村义务教育缺乏足够的财政支持和制度保障.建构合理的农村义务教育经费分担体制,中央和省级政府应当承担更多的责任,同时要积极利用民间的力量,健全教育资源分配的公平性和有效性.     

财政分权与基本公共服务供给——基于中国省级面板数据的实证分析

采用2007~2011年中国省级面板数据,运用固定效应模型,分析了财政分权对我国基本公共服务供给的影响,并通过控制变量的引入,揭示可能影响地方政府公共服务供给的因素.结果表明:财政分权并没有提高公共服务供给水平;经济发展水平、财政转移支付、政府偏好和财政支出水平对基本公共服务供给水平有正向影响,而人口密度对基本公共服务供给水平产生负影响     

义务教育财政：能否“以省为主”

"以县为主"的义务教育财政制度并不能从根本上解决义务教育发展的经费短缺问题,人口流动性的增加以及县域经济本身的局限,都要求由省级政府负起义务教育的主要责任,因此,建议义务教育财政"以省为主".     

我国农村义务教育完全免费的实现问题刍议

分析可知，我国农村的义务教育未实现完全免费，政府负主要责任。因此，政府应加大财政投入，努力实现义务教育法完全免费，其方略有：理顺投入关系是基础；加大中央和省级政府投入是主渠道；特殊资助制度是有效的补充；法律规范是基本保障。     

中央政府与地方政府的财政博弈——兼论分税制体制的完善

随着改革的深入,中央政府和地方政府的矛盾和冲突正在加剧。本文对于中央与地方的博弈关系进行了分析,概述了双方博弈的过程与结果,并由此引出对当前分税制财政体制完善的建议。     

基于动态博弈的科技型中小企业扶持政策优化研究

科技型中小企业已逐渐成为拓展新兴产业、促进科技进步、推动区域乃至国家经济发展的重要力量,但是,其政策需求与政策供给存在差距,扶持政策的实施效果与供给初衷存在背离,亟须对扶持政策优化问题进行探讨。在分析科技型中小企业扶持政策变迁的基础上,构建以中央政府、地方政府和科技型中小企业为博弈主体的三方不完全信息动态博弈模型,通过均衡解解析,深入分析博弈模型的博弈过程与策略选择,提出"加强顶层设计、重构扶持政策体系、推进配套扶持政策建设"的政策优化路径,以此作为扶持政策供给优化的理论依据。     

转型中的治理与治理的转型——民办义务教育发展难题及其破解

自中央提出“规范民办义务教育发展”要求以来,各地积极探索落实中央决策的有效路径。本研究分析了规范民办义务教育发展的公共逻辑,梳理了民办义务教育学校野蛮生长与公益性背离的现象,以及民办义务教育规范治理面临的经费筹措、学位保障、转型发展、观念转变、均衡发展五大难题。主张借鉴新公共服务理论,通过优化和加强政府服务,构建规范民办义务教育学校发展的政府、学校、社会、家长多中心治理格局。     

基于意识形态变迁的农村公共产品供给制度创新

建国以来,我国农村公共产品供给制度经历了不同历史时期的变迁过程,但是政府主导、以制度外财政为主的供给制度并没有改变,而是沿着既有的路径继续发展。本文把农村公共产品供给制度创新看为意识形态的蜕变,按科学发展观的要求,推进农村公共产品供给一体化、均等化和服务对象的"非歧视化";完善地方政府激励制度;改革财政体制,规范中央与地方的财权和事权。     

基于博弈视角的市级科技报告工作推进研究

科技报告是重要的政府开放科技数据和科技战略资源.利用演化博弈的方法分析了省级政府和市级政府的博弈关系,探讨了市级科技报告工作的推进机制.研究发现,省级政府和市级政府演化博弈模型中,省级政府策略选择主要考虑自身的成本和收益,市级政府除了考虑自身成本和收益外,还受省级政府策略选择的影响;推进市级科技报告工作需要双方共同努力,尽可能降低市级政府的成本,提高市级政府的直接和额外收益.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with