基于委托-代理理论的国际石油合作财税体系比较

基于国际石油合作财税体系特征和油气投资生产的特点,构建实现政府收益长期最大化的委托-代理模型,并描述模型中的重要变量和参数;选择三种典型的国际石油财税体系,运用模型对其激励机制进行对比分析。结果表明,激励机制的设计是保障政府收益最大化的关键问题,应根据资源禀赋和自身条件选择合适的激励机制,当风险程度相同时,产品分成合同、矿费税收制合同、服务合同的激励效果递减。     

国有企业中委托-代理关系研究的理论框架

通过系统分析我国国有企业在发展过程中存在的委托－代理问题，针对国有企业改革的难点问题，借鉴国内外已有的研究，提出解决国有企业委托－代理问题的三个有效机制：激励机制、监督机制和制约机制。     

落实科技政策促进成果转化——专访中国科学技术发展战略研究院赵捷博士

为促进科技成果转化,加强科技与经济的结合．自20世纪80年代以来,我国政府出台了一系列法律、法规和规章制度,建立了科技成果转化的收益激励机制、税收激励机制、风险投资机制．设立了中小企业创新基金,这些措施促进了科技成果向现实生产力的转化。但是由于促进科技成果转化政策与国有资产管理等政策不衔接,     

不完全收益时委托及代理人激励制度的设计

分析了现代企业制度中委托人董事会不享有全部企业的所有收益的情况下，托托人董事会和代理人经理的对策收益矩阵，在此基础上给出了激励机制，可促使委托人和代理人努力工作以使企业产出最大。     

审计中的委托-代理问题与激励机制研究

审计授权或委托人与审计人之间由于信息不对称,形成审计的委托——代理关系。在分析审计关系的基础上,应用委托——代理理论研究审计中的激励机制设计问题,为完善审计激励机制、促进审计人提高审计质量提供理论依据。     

高新区企业技术创新扩散的多任务锦标激励机制

为提高高新区企业的技术扩散能力,借鉴Holmstrom和Milgrom多任务委托代理模型及Lazear和Rosen锦标机制模型,构建了高新区企业技术创新扩散激励的多任务锦标激励机制模型,并分析得知：如果企业技术创新扩散过程中,面对扩散数量和质量两项任务且两项任务的成本函数相互独立,多任务锦标激励机制将转变为单任务锦标激励机制;如果企业技术创新扩散过程中,面对数量和质量两项任务且两项任务的成本函数相互替代,管委会对于扩散数量的最优激励强度要小于企业只承担扩散数量任务时的最优激励强度,且随着扩散质量收益的增加而降低,随着随机因素的降低而增加。     

面向医院的激励机制研究

通过对医、患 、保三方关系的分析，指出医方在医疗保险体系中具有核心地位，并根据委托代理理论和激励机制理论，建立了面向医院的激励机制，以促进医疗服务质量的提高和有效控制医疗费用的过快增长；另一方面，根据按服务项付费可能导致的医患合谋现象，建立了防范医患同谋的激励机制，指出防范医患同谋的关键在于提高医生的保留效用，改善医生收入。     

国有企业经营者声誉激励机制探索

本文针对我国现存国有企业经营者物质激励机制的不足，提出对国有企业经营者短期侧重精神激励，并将其职务升迁与公司业绩联系起来，经营者过去工作的良好声誉可能使其获得较高的长效收益。本文先提出国有企业经营者声誉激励机制，然后分析这种激励机制的必要性和可行性，接着点评声誉激励方案的实施以及它的四大作用机制。     

统一授信模式下基于道德风险的收益分配模型

存货质押融资统一授信模式下,银行与物流企业间的信息不对称易使物流企业产生授信审查不努力道德风险,银行作为委托人需要设计激励机制加以防范,收益分配作为一种激励机制,可以对道德风险起到约束作用.基于存货质押统一授信模式,考虑物流企业授信审查不努力道德风险,运用委托代理理论研究银行对物流企业的激励问题,构建银行收益分配模型,得到最优收益分配比例决策,并通过数值算例分析了最优收益分配比例变动趋势.研究表明,存在最优收益分配比例使物流企业投入最优努力水平,实现双方联合收益最大化.     

基于委托代理理论的PPP项目激励机制模型

为了更好地发挥PPP项目中社会资本的运营管理优势,优化信息不对称下政府与社会资本的收益分配,充分分析社会资本的技术创新行为和机会主义行为,考虑代理方的两种行为成本和风险成本以及委托代理理论下激励与惩罚对项目总收益的影响,建立了基于委托代理理论的PPP项目激励机制模型。采用一阶条件法求解模型,得到了政府部门的最优激励与惩罚系数以及社会资本技术创新行为与机会主义行为最优努力水平;通过基于委托代理模型的最优解分析,得到了社会资本的风险感知度和两种行为能力分别对两种行为的努力水平以及项目收益分成的影响程度;通过对模型中的参数进行赋值,运用MATLAB软件进行数值模拟,对模型的结果分析进行了验证。研究结果表明,社会资本的行为能力与努力程度呈正相关。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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