一类混合迭代算法在约束预测控制中的应用

为了改进多变量约束预测控制的滚动优化算法,对路径跟踪法和粒子群算法进行了理论研究,提出了一种将路径跟踪法和粒子群算法相结合的混合迭代算法,并用该混合算法对最具代表性的动态矩阵控制进行了滚动优化.仿真结果表明:对由于参数选择引起矩阵奇异时,路径跟踪法无法求出最优解,而基于混合迭代算法的优化算法可以得到最优解.采用路径跟踪法和粒子群算法相结合的混合迭代算法对多变量约束预测控制进行滚动优化,保证了优化算法的快速性和可行性.     

基于PSO的一类线性系统参数辨识方法研究

研究了一种线性系统的参数精确辨识方法;首先采用PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization,粒子群优化)方法对模型进行优化迭代,并选择合适误差准则作为粒子群优化算法的适应度函数,以迭代每个粒子所对应的参数速度和大小;在此基础上,寻找最小适应度值的粒子,推导出最优的适应度函数值,实现系统参数的实时、精确估计;最后通过实验验证了基于粒子群优化算法的参数辨识法的准确性和有效性。     

基于粒子群优化及高斯过程回归的铅酸电池荷电状态预测

为了提高铅酸电池荷电状态(SOC)的预测准确率,该文提出一种基于粒子群优化的高斯过程回归(PSO-GPR)算法。该算法的核心思想是通过粒子群优化(PSO)算法来解决高斯过程回归(GPR)模型中的超参数优化问题。PSO-GPR首先随机生成一个粒子群,群中的每个粒子包含对应的GPR超参数信息。随后执行如下迭代步骤:根据当前每个粒子的超参数信息训练对应的GPR模型并评估该模型的性能,结合适应度函数和每个模型的评估结果计算出每个粒子的适应度,并更新每个粒子中的超参数信息;经过多次迭代后,找到粒子群中适应度最小的粒子;最后从该粒子中提取相应的超参数信息,并训练最终的GPR预测模型。在铅酸电池数据集上的实验结果表明,所提方法优于对比模型。     

基于Meanshift优化粒子滤波算法的低空平台下车辆跟踪

针对低空平台下运行车辆的特点, 提出一种基于Meanshift粒子优化的粒子滤波算法实现低空平台下的车辆跟踪. 该算法使用颜色表示目标, 通过Meanshift算法对粒子滤波进行迭代优化, 减少了稳健跟踪一个目标所需的粒子数, 提高了算法的运行效率, 在小目标和多目标的情况下也能稳健跟踪. 实验结果表明, 该算法具有较强的鲁棒性和稳定性, 能实现低空平台下目标车辆的快速跟踪.     

基于AEPSO优化的神经网络多步预测控制

为提高神经网络预测控制的性能,提出了基于自适应扩展粒子群优化的神经网络预测控制方案。基本PSO算法中,每个粒子的更新受粒子个体极值和局部极值的影响,为了提高其全局收敛性,采用多粒子策略,使每个粒子的更新受更多其他粒子的影响;为提高收敛速度,采用自适应策略,对参数c0进行自适应调整,使c0随着迭代次数的增加而逐渐减小,这样,在PSO算法的搜索过程中,随着迭代次数的增加,搜索区域会越来越小,从而加快PSO算法收敛速度。运用该算法实现神经网络预测控制中的滚动优化,在有限时域内对控制序列进行寻列,给出基于粒子群优化的神经网络预测控制系统的稳定性证明。仿真结果表明,基于粒子群优化的神经网络预测控制系统具有良好的跟踪性能。     

基于改进粗糙化粒子滤波的磁偶极子跟踪

针对一般非线性滤波方法对磁偶极子跟踪时存在精度不高和滤波发散的问题,提出了一种改进粗糙化粒子滤波算法进行求解.该算法基于欧拉离散化方法,将连续随机滤波方法引入粗糙化粒子滤波框架,计算出在K-L散度意义下的最优控制量,将其作为粗糙化均值,以克服粒子贫化问题.建立了磁偶极子目标跟踪的连续时间状态空间模型,并给出了算法具体实现,通过仿真实验,将该算法与目前采用的磁偶极子目标跟踪算法进行对比,结果表明所提出的算法精度较高,且性能稳定.     

改进粒子滤波在行人跟踪中的应用

为提高粒子滤波在目标跟踪中的性能,将萤火虫算法(Firefly Algorithm,FA)的优化思想引入粒子滤波,并用自适应差分进化(Self-adaptive Differential Evolution,SaDE)算法代替粒子滤波的重采样,提出一种改进的粒子滤波跟踪算法,并采用新的跟踪特征HSV-iLBP进行跟踪.该算法将FA用于粒子滤波的重要性采样,通过计算迭代来抽取更加有效的粒子,并将粒子滤波的重采样过程看作求解目标函数的最值问题,通过自适应差分进化算法的迭代寻找最优粒子,改善粒子的退化和贫化问题.HSV-iLBP模型由于结合了维数低的HSV颜色特征和iLBP纹理特征,从而在提高跟踪鲁棒性的同时,能有效降低计算复杂度.通过仿真实验,验证了改进算法在行人跟踪上具有更好的精度和速度.     

粒子滤波算法在视频目标跟踪中的应用

首先介绍粒子滤波的基本理论,然后构建粒子滤波视频目标跟踪系统的状态模型和观测模型,进而根据状态模型和观测模型提出一种基于粒子滤波的视频目标跟踪算法,并通过实际的视频目标跟踪系统对算法进行实验分析,说明粒子滤波算法在视频目标跟踪中的优越性。     

汽车电控液压制动系统动力学建模及性能研究

为提高估计电控液压制动系统的压力估计精度,针对其工作特性提出一种基于粒子群优化的UKF算法的汽车电控液压制动系统动力学建模方法.该算法根据液压制动系统的工作特性将压力估计问题转化为多维参数优化的问题,应用UKF对汽车电控液压制动系统进行压力估计,根据该液压系统的强非线性及时变系统特性引入液压系统指数参数,压力变化参数差,及测量轮缸压力作为状态量,引入粒子群算法根据目标函数,对UKF中的参数及观测噪声,过程噪声进行迭代寻优.实验数据对比,验证该算法参数估计的精确性及实时性.研究结果对液压制动系统以及整个液压系统的研究都具有指导意义.     

基于粒子滤波的灰度目标跟踪算法

粒子滤波主要利用粒子集来表示概率,可以用在任何形式的状态空间模型上.提出了一种基于粒子滤波的灰度图像目标跟踪方法,粒子滤波适合各种形式状态空间模型.算法目标特征采用了灰度直方图、灰度梯度直方图对灰度图像序列进行跟踪.粒子滤波跟踪算法有状态转移和状态观测两大重要模型.利用高权值的粒子替代低权值粒子这样的粒子重采样来保证粒子集的健壮性,得到目标最终位置.利用Matlab进行仿真证明了本文算法的有效性和稳健性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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