甲烷在直流放电等离子体中形成自由基研究

采用发射光谱分析法对直流辉光放电等离子体裂解甲烷所产生的自由基H·(656.3nm),CH3·(724.6nm),CH2·(341.9nm)及CH·(431.42nm)的发射光谱强度进行了在线测量和分析描述.结果表明:在甲烷等离子体空间存在激发态的甲基、亚甲基、次甲基、氢自由基,各自由基的形成规律具有相似性,即其光谱强度都有一个开始时大幅上升,达到峰值后下降或稳定,最后伴有强度的小波动逐渐进入准动态平衡过程,但各自由基的成分比例在放电的不同时间是不同的,且随放电条件而异;各自由基的形成规律受进料量(气压)的影响是不同的.     

热丝助进氢等离子体中电子及活性粒子输运过程的蒙特卡罗模拟

目的 研究热阴极直流放电氢等离子体中电子及活性粒子输运过程.方法 Monte Carlo模拟方法.结果 建立了电子及活性粒子在氢等离子体辉光放电中的输运模型,得到了荷能粒子在放电空间的能量分布,空间分布以及发生各种化学反应的频率分布.结论 模拟结果与有关文献报道的实验结果对比,取得了较好的一致性,可利用于更多有氢等离子体参与的实验研究.     

金刚石膜制备工艺对其应力-应变特性的影响

研究了在直流热阴极辉光放电等离子体化学气相沉积制备金刚石厚膜的工艺过程中, 放电电流和甲烷浓度对金刚石膜应力-应变特性的影响规律.      

低温等离子体处理羊毛和棉纤维的电子自旋共振法研究

用电子自旋共振（ＥＳＲ）方法研究经氧、氮、氩、氢、一氧化碳及四氟甲烷气体低温等离子体处理的羊毛和棉纤维的自由基。结果表明低温等离子体反应在纤维基质中生成自由基，自由基的强度与纤维基质、微观结构、等离子体气体种类以及处理条件有关。考察了自由基的热稳定性和经时变化。     

接触辉光放电等离子体对水中偶氮染料艳红B的脱色研究

为深入了解接触辉光放电等离子体降解水中有机污染物的机理,用紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究了放电过程中染料结构的变化,考察了pH值、自由基清除剂等实验条件对艳红B脱色的影响.结果表明:加入羟基自由基清除剂可增强艳红B的脱色效果,加入氢自由基清除剂对艳红B的脱色有轻微的阻碍作用.溶液初始pH值在7.0~11.0之间时对脱色影响不大.随着反应的进行,溶液的化学需氧量逐渐升高.紫外-可见吸收光谱分析表明,等离子体产生的活性氢原子对偶氮键的破坏是艳红B脱色的主要原因.     

正丙醇溶液直流辉光放电等离子体电解产物分析

 以正丙醇溶液为原料进行辉光放电等离子体电解的实验研究。利用GC-MS联用仪,GC及光发射光谱等检测手段对辉光放电电解的气液相产物进行分析。实验结果表明：电解的主要产物有氢气、一氧化碳、甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、丁烷、水、二氧化碳、甲醛、苯及甲苯等。各种气体产物和产量受放电电压、放电电流等因素影响明显。在等离子体层中正丙醇分解过程和其他类型的等离子体分解过程类似。蒸汽鞘层中的加速电子是引发辉光放电过程非法拉第定律现象的决定因素。阴极辉光放电过程中等离子体-溶液界面上的主要活性物种是中性粒子和电子。正丙醇阴极辉光放电过程中等离子体-溶液界面上产生的主要活性物种有C3H3,CO+,CH,CH2O,H,H2O+,CH2和H2O。利用键能理论对正丙醇溶液放电后主要产物的生成路径进行了分析。     

用于自由基诊断的分子束飞行时间质谱仪的研制

为对等离子体中间自由基物种进行质谱诊断,设计一种利用激光,电高技术对大气压脉冲放电等离子体中性自由基进行电离再由分子束飞行时闻(MB-TOF)质谱诊断的实验装置,并通过该装置对C6H6/Ar脉冲放电等离子体进行实验研究,测得C4H2、C4H9、C5H5和C6H3等许多自由基物种.实验结果表明,MB-TOF可以诊断等离子体中的自由基.     

C_2F_6、C_4F_8的双频电容耦合等离子体特性研究

采用发射光谱技术,研究了C2F6、C4F8气体的双频电容耦合放电等离子体中F、CF2基团密度以及F/CF2强度比随高频功率、低频功率、放电气压的变化关系.实验结果表明,在双频电容耦合放电等离子体中,高频功率、低频功率、放电气压的改变,使C2F6或C4F8等离子体中出现不同分解过程,这种对气体分解反应的选择性为实现双频等离子体刻蚀薄膜的精确控制提供了可能.     

介质阻挡放电去除甲醛的密度泛函分析

采用密度泛函理论对大气压介质阻挡放电非平衡等离子体脱除甲醛进行了研究,建立了反应相对能的计算模型。计算结果证明介质阻挡放电等离子体是常压室温下去除甲醛污染的有效方法,甲醛与OH·、O·和H·等初级自由基的反应均是放热的和热力学有利的过程。O·的主要产生途径是O2直接分解和O2先附着分解再释放电子的过程;通过H2O分解和附着是生成H·和OH·的主要过程;HO2·生成反应中只有2H2O→H2O2+H2是热力学禁阻的反应;HO2·与其他自由基的反应过程均是热力学有利的。通过将笔者的计算结果与以前的实验和理论研究结果对比显示采用密度泛函理论研究介质阻挡放电去除甲醛污染的机理是可行的,说明该方法是对实验的有效和可靠补充。     

Ne气负脉冲电晕放电等离子体电子温度测量

依据荧光发射谱谱线强度正比于激发态粒子数原理,通过测量不同激发态能级所发射荧光谱线的相对强度,对Ne气脉冲电晕放电等离子体平均电子温度随峰值电压、样品气压的变化以及有效电子温度的时间行为进行了实验研究.结果表明,平均电子温度随放电峰值电压、样品气压均呈现近线性的变化趋势;而有效电子温度随时间变化先于脉冲电晕放电电流的变化.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with