载银壳聚糖卫生防护织物的开发及性能研究

采用载银壳聚糖复合整理液对棉织物进行复合功能整理,通过正交设计对整理工艺进行优选.结果表明:载银壳聚糖复合整理液制备的最佳工艺参数为AgNO31.7g、CS 0.5g/100mL、反应温度40℃、反应时间2h、pH值4.载银壳聚糖复合整理的最佳工艺参数为CA质量浓度8%、CS质量浓度1%、焙烘温度160℃、焙烘时间1min.     

抗菌吸附材料的制备及其在再生水处理的应用

以具有良好脱氮效果的改性沸石为原材料,制备抗菌吸附材料.将其用于处理大肠菌群浓度和氨氮含量较高的市政污水厂二级出水结果表明,分别采用银、锌和铜三种金属离子制备抗菌吸附材料,其中银离子的抗菌性能最好,有助于氨氮的去除.最佳制备条件为:AgNO3用量85mg.g-1,pH6～7,制备时间120min,制备温度40℃,转速150r.min-1.优化后材料的载银量为49.79mg.g-1.将该材料应用于再生水处理,在混合投加抗菌吸附材料0.5g.L-1和沸石2g.L-1条件下,反应120min,该材料的杀菌率98.87%,氨氮去除率66.54%,剩余氨氮的质量浓度为8.36mg.L-1,出水达到城市杂用水水质指标.     

沙柳炭基固体酸催化剂的水热法制备及其催化酯化性能

以沙柳为原料,采用高温水热炭化制备"类煤"的炭化物,再经过浓硫酸磺化制得沙柳炭基固体酸催化剂,将其用于油酸与甲醇制备生物柴油的酯化反应中,以酯化率作为催化活性的指标。通过单因素实验对炭化温度、炭化时间、磺化温度、磺化时间四种不同因素进行考察。采用元素分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、差热天平热重分析等手段对沙柳、磺化物催化剂进行表征。结果表明,沙柳炭基固体酸催化剂在炭化温度335℃、炭化时间60 min、磺化温度105℃、磺化时间90 min时性能最优;催化剂中硫含量提升很大,表明成功负载上磺酸基团;催化剂为无定形炭结构,孔隙结构发达,且具有良好的抗热稳定性和催化稳定性。     

磺化三聚氰胺甲醛树脂合成的磺化工艺及磺化结构分析

研究了羟甲基三聚氰胺磺化阶段的pH值、温度和时间对磺化反应的影响,并采用13C-NMR分析了磺化的化学结构.研究表明,在pH>11 5,温度为80～90℃和合适的时间内可以获得高磺化程度的三聚氰胺磺酸盐;在摩尔比F/M=4 0和S/M=1 0的反应体系中,磺化可同时发生在仲氮和叔氮原子上,两种结构之比约为2∶1.     

微酸性次氯酸液对屏障设施动态环境杀菌效果的研究

摘要:目的 研究微酸性次氯酸液对细菌的杀灭效果,评估其雾化液对屏障设施动态环境的消毒效果,以期获得动态环境消毒方案。 方法 检测微酸性次氯酸液有效氯含量和 pH 值;分别用金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌标准株制备细菌悬液并制成菌片,并与微酸性次氯酸液作用后计算杀菌率;选择屏障设施进行微酸性次氯酸液喷雾消毒,作用不同时间后测量落下菌数,并计算杀菌率。 结果 微酸性次氯酸液有效氯含量为 6. 84× 10- 2 g / L,pH 值为 6. 24;微酸性次氯酸液与两种标准菌株作用 15 min 后杀菌率可达到 90%以上;屏障设施用微酸性次氯酸液喷雾 15 min,2 h杀菌率维持在 90% ,48 ~ 72 h 杀菌率低于 30% ;每日喷雾 1 次,工作 5 min,休息 5 min,持续 1 h,连续工作 21 d 后杀菌率为 60% ; 每日喷雾 2 次,每次连续 30 min 持续喷雾 21 d 后杀菌率达到 90%以上。 结论 微酸性次氯酸液对屏障设施具有良好的杀菌效果,长期使用杀菌率可达 90%以上,是一种高效安全的动态环境消毒方式。     

磺化琥珀酸化改性羊毛脂皮革加脂剂的制备及性能

首先将羊毛脂与单乙醇胺反应得到酰胺化羊毛脂,再与马来酸酐反应得到单酯,然后与亚硫酸钠进行磺化反应得到磺化琥珀酸化改性羊毛脂加脂剂.酰胺化反应的优化条件为:温度125℃,时间3h,催化剂甲醇钠用量0.3%(基于羊毛脂的质量分数);单酯化反应的优化条件为:酰胺化羊毛脂与马来酸酐的摩尔比为1:1.05,温度90℃,时间3h;磺化反应的优化条件为:单酯与亚硫酸钠的摩尔比为1:1.05,温度80℃,时间2h.酰胺化羊毛脂羟值为119.07mg KOH·g-1时,加脂革的油润感和柔软度最好.     

掺银纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石复合抗菌剂的制备及性能研究

以蒙脱石为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备粉体纳米二氧化钛,并且以成品纳米二氧化钛与蒙脱石复合进行对比,通过离子交换反应将银离子引入蒙脱石层间。考察了制备纳米二氧化钛过程中乙醇用量、温度、p H值以及滴加方式等影响因素。考察了制备掺银纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石过程中温度、离子交换时间、硝酸银用量等影响因素。实验采用佛尔哈德法间接测定载银量。实验表明:在反应温度40℃条件下反应6 h时制备出的载银自制纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石载银量为质量分数1.8%,载银成品纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石载银量质量分数为2.6%;红外分析表明二氧化钛可以实现与蒙脱石的复合;X射线衍射法测定结果表明,载银对纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石骨架结构无影响;催化活性表明,载银提高了二氧化钛蒙脱石的催化活性。     

PBD-BBD优化大枣保质工艺

针对大枣含水含糖量高易生霉长蛀问题,以灵武长枣干枣为原料,杀菌率为响应值,在单因素实验基础上,通过Plackett-Burman design试验从5个因素(ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐质量比、杀菌方式、杀菌温度、杀菌时间、包装方式)中筛选出对杀菌率有主要影响的3个因素(ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐质量比、杀菌温度、杀菌时间)。通过Box-Behnken design试验优化,建立3个因素对杀菌率的二次多项回归方程模型。结果表明,优化保质工艺为:ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐质量比0.08g/kg,固定杀菌方式为巴氏杀菌,巴氏杀菌温度为75℃、时间为40min,包装方式为充氮包装,此时杀菌率为98.00%。研究表明该优化保质工艺能够使干枣变成免洗枣,延缓了微生物的生长,使菌落总数达到免洗标准。     

一种天然染料的提取及对涤纶织物的染色工艺研究

研究了一种天然染料的提取和对涤纶织物的染色工艺,测定了染色织物的染色牢度和抗菌性能.结果表明:该天然染料提取最佳工艺为植物用量90 g/L,提取温度80℃,时间60 min,助剂浓度25 g/L;染色最佳工艺为温度120℃,pH=5,染色45 min;后媒法最佳工艺为45℃,时间为30～60 min,媒染剂3%(o.w.f.).染色涤纶织物有较好的耐洗牢度和摩擦牢度,均可达4～5级,且有一定的抗菌性.     

真空铝热还原炼锂新工艺中富锂熟料的制备

常压煅烧氢氧化锂、氧化铝和氧化钙混合物得到富锂熟料,真空铝热还原该熟料得到金属锂及可制备氢氧化铝的12Ca O·7Al2O3型还原渣.研究了制团压力、煅烧温度、煅烧时间对煅烧烧损率及锂还原率的影响.结果表明:在制团压力为30 MPa,煅烧温度为750~800℃,煅烧时间为60~90 min的条件下,烧损率基本保持在34%左右;该条件所得富锂熟料在还原温度1 100℃,还原时间90 min,铝粉不过量的条件下进行真空铝热还原得到锂还原率较高.该煅烧工艺适用于真空铝热还原炼锂新工艺中富锂熟料的制备.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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