考虑空气阻力及哥氏惯性力影响后的气圈底端张力分析

环锭纺纱过程中的纱线断头主要取决于纱线张力与纱线强力之间的矛盾，而纺纱张力是气圈底端纱线张力经由气圈、导纱钩向上传递而产生的．以往关于气圈底端张力的推算大都是在忽略空气阻力和哥氏惯性力的情况下进行的．针对考虑空气阻力和哥氏惯性力影响的情况，对钢丝圈受力及气圈底端张力进行分析计算，并指出随着纺纱的高速化及对纱线质量要求的提高，在研究纱线张力时，应考虑空气阻力及哥氏惯性力．     

关于转杯纺纱曲线形态和张力的力学分析

本文讨论转杯纺纱(即气流纺)杯内纱的曲线形态和张力变化,从力学分析的角度来看,在有空气阻力并有足够大的阻捻盘作用下才能使纱形成稳定的正向剥取的曲线形态。如无空气阻力并无阻捻盘存在时,那就将形成反向剥取方式的曲线形态。否则是不能满足力学平衡和功能平衡的要求的。     

REPORT ON A PROJECT AIMED AT INCREASING THE STRENGTH OF FRICTION SPUN YARN BY USING A FALSE TWIST PROCESS

The lower strength of friction spun yarns has became a key problem that hinder the develop-ment of friction spinning,especially in high speeds and fine yarns.In this paper a project aimed atincreasing the strength of friction spun yarns by using a false twist process has been made.In re-ported experiment false twist was inserted into the yarn which has been formed on a friction spin-ning machine,so that it made the yarn untwist at first,then regain the twist.In the meantime draftwas applied to generate more tension than that which had been experienced during yarn formationon the friction spinning machine.It made the yarn reforming and the loosely bound fibres in thefriction spun yarn formed due to extremely low tension on the friction spinning machine becametighter.Results indicate that with the proper draft,tension and false twist the tenacity of processedyarn will increase more than 10%.This project is an attempt to discover whether improvements can be made and whether it isworth pursuing research into modifications of yarn structure.The results imply that if the yarntension can be raised during yarn formation on the friction spinning machine or a chance is offeredto the yarn to reform after the yarn formation the yarn tenacity will be increased obviously.     

转杯内纱线形状及其张力分析

详细分析了转杯内纱线的受力情况，得出了求解纱线曲线形状和纱线张力的有效方法，求得纱段离开假捻盘表面进入出纱管时的分离点轨迹方程，并且指出：在纱线一周回转运动中，由于分离点不同，导致其切向角不同，进而影响到纱线曲线形状和纱线张力也跟着有所变化，但变化一般不大，故可把纱线运动看作为近似稳定来进行力学分析。     

环锭纺纱线气圈的研究

用圆柱坐标系建立纱线微段的微分方程,用数值方法求解可获得气圈形态及其纱线受力的精确解。用解析方法建立气圈形态及其纱线受力的近似解析表达式,可反映气圈各参数对形态或受力的影响,其分析过程清晰、简捷的特点显著。两种计算结果的相对误差甚微。     

The Yarn Curve and Tension in Rotor Spinning

The effective way of finding the yarn curve shape and tension of OE（open end） yarn inside the rotor is carried out and treated by dividing the yarn curve into two parts, from which the trajectory of the yarn sliding on the navel surface is also obtained. It is pointed out that the yarn curve shape and tension will both fluctuate with the trajectory＇s revolving cycle inside the rotor. However, the fluctuation is not too great, so the motion can still be regarded as approximately steady for dynamic analysis.     

TENSILE BEHAVIOUR OF ROTOR SPUN YARNS

This paper deals with the tensile behaviour of rotor spun yarns. Having regard to the spe-cial construction of rotor spun yarn, some modifications for Hearle's theory have been made inorder to apply Hearle' s theory to rotor spun yarn. The paper then goes into calculating thetensile curve and investigating the effect of main parameters and spinning conditions on thetensile behaviour of rotor spun yarn. It was found that the following facts are noteworthy forimproving the mechanical properties of rotor spun yarn: (1) Selecting suitable navel so as tocontrol the P. T. E. length within a reasonable range. (2) Improving the design of single fibresupply device to decrease the amount of spoiled fibre and hence increase the effective fibrelength. (3) Increasing spinning yarn tension without yarn break to enhance the fibre migrationratio. (4) For the rotor spun yarn of industrial use, it is the way to increase the yarn strengththat the rotor groove should be designed with the groove angle beneficial to decrease the yarnspecific volume.     

杠杆补偿式张力器的分析及其在气流凝聚包芯纺纱中的应用

杠杆补偿式张力器是一种具有自行调节补偿能力的张力装置.本文从静力和动力两个方面对它的特性进行了分析和讨论,并将其应用于气流凝聚包芯纺纱中作芯丝的张力装置.由实验知,当输入张力在一定范围内变化时,该张力器的输出张力能基本保持恒定,从而满足了工艺的要求.     

地毯簇绒装备的类齿轮特殊罗拉纱线牵引装置

与常规的挤压式、非挤压式罗拉纱线牵引装置作对比,介绍一种在地毯簇绒装备中使用的类齿轮特殊罗拉纱线牵引装置.进行这种特殊罗拉纱线牵引装置中的纱线力学理论研究,得出与实际情况吻合的罗拉纱线牵引性质：纱线所受张力与在罗拉啮合中所处位置的关系;两罗拉中心距变化与纱线所受张力的关系;罗拉齿外圆弧半径与纱线所受张力的关系;以及纱线所受摩擦力的性质.     

纱路张力补偿系统的动力学分析

本文建立了纺织机械中常见的复式纱路张力补偿系统的力学模型;应用校正传递矩阵法对这类有多重分岔的复合系统进行了动力学分析.作为算例,本文计算了GE271型经编机上纱路张力补偿系统的前三阶固有频率和振型,以及系统对纱路张力波动的动力响应;得到了与实测结果能很好相符的结论.然后又讨论了张力补偿器各尺寸参数与纱线物理参数对系统动力特性及张力补偿能力的影响,并据此引出了一些有实用价值的结论.     

气流纱的拉伸特性研究

本文讨论气流纱的拉伸特性。Hearle曾对具有理想结构纱线的拉伸特性进行过比较完整的研究工作。本文则根据气流纱独特的成纱结构,对Hearle理论在气流纱中的应用作了一定的修正,并在此基础上对气流纱的拉伸特性作了分析计算。计算结果与实测结果基本相符。最后还从气流纱的应力-应变关系式中,就影响气流纱强力、初始模量以及断裂功等等力学特性的一些主要工艺参数进行了分析讨论。得出合理选用阻捻盘、很好控制捻度传递长度;合理设计与选用分梳及输棉机构,在不断改善单纤维供应的同时,尽量减少纤维损伤,提高纤维有效长度;适当提高纺纱张力,增加纤维转移等等都是改善气流纱强力等力学特性、提高成纱质量的有效途径。对工业用气流纱,还可通过合理设计凝棉槽,以提高气流纱紧密度的途径来提高气流纱强力。     

转杯纺纱时杯内纱条的曲线形状和张力

本文导得纺纱杯内纱条曲线形状和张力的方程;利用这些方程可以比较可靠地求得纺纱杯内的纱条张力,解决杯内纱条张力不易测定的困难。根据这些方程作图,就可从这些图中简捷地求得杯内纱条的重要参数,用来计算纱条张力。另外,本文对正反向剥取形式也进行了分析探讨。     

改善苎麻及其混纺纱弹性研究

本文主要为了改善苎麻纱和麻棉纱的弹性,对苎麻纱、麻棉纱和棉纱进行了碱处理。并根据前人所做的工作,即有张力状态下碱处理和松弛状态下碱处理,其纱线性能存在较大差异,因而本文着重考虑在不同张力状态下进行碱处理,研究结果表明,采用低张力进行碱处理。其苎麻纱和麻棉纱的最大变形能力即断裂伸长显著增加,初始弹性模量显著下降,纱线变形恢复能力显著提高。     

棉/涤纶长丝Sirofil复合纱成纱工艺性能研究

以低弹涤纶长丝和精梳纯棉粗纱为原料,纺制不同捻度、不同喂入间距、不同长丝预张力的Sirofil复合纱,并测试了纱线的强力、条干和毛羽.通过正交试验分析方法,得到实验范围内棉/涤纶长丝Sirofil复合纱的优化纺纱工艺参数为捻系数321,长丝须条间距6mm,长丝张力片重量3g.     

Research on Yarn Tension under Positive Guiding by Feed Rollers

In the carpet tufting machine,feed rollers are used to guide the yarns positively.After deducing the general Euler formula of yarn tension under positive guide of rollers,a conclusion is got that the tension of yarns at the output side of each roller tends to decrease one by one.Afterwards,a computing formula of wrap angle of yarn passing through the feed roller is deduced by application of triangle geometry method.By analyzing the effect of each parameter on the yarn tension,values of the space between rollers and the roller diameter are proposed for design reference,and relations between the yarn tension and the two key parameters,the friction coefficient of roller surface and the speed of rollers,are illustrated in detail.Consequently,a policy is drawn out to control the yarn tension.The results of this paper provide not only theory foundation for empirical settings of the operational parameters of tufting machine,but also theory support for further research on yarn tension-control methods.     

AN ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF BACK REST OF WEAVING MACHINERG

Periodic variations of warp tension during a weaving cycle results in corresponding variationsof back rest position.However,the oscillation of back rest,in turn,shows effect on the variation ofdynamic warp tension.As a force transfer medium,warp yarn,with specific dynamic performances,is certainly one of the factors influencing the movement of back rest.In this paper,warp yarn istreated as a viscoelastic medium in studying the dynamic behaviours of back rest.A mathematicalmodel of a back rest system is developed based on the automatic control theory.Several factors arelisted,which show influences on the performances of the back rest system.Analytical work is car-ried out to identify the effects on the frequency response of the back rest systen resulting from vari-ations of such parameters as the modulus of elasticity,of both fast-elastic and slow-elasticdeformations,and viscosity coefficient.     

Nonlinear Transversal Vibration Analysis of an Axially Moving Viscoelastic Yarn in Tufting Process

The nonlinear transversal vibration of axially moving yarn with time-dependent tension is investigated. Yarn material is modeled as Kelvin model. A partial differential equation governing the transversal vibration is derived from the Newton＇s second law. Galerkin method is used to truncate the governing nonlinear differential equation, and thus the first.order ordinary differential equation is obtained. The periodic vibration equation and the natural frequency of moving yarn are received by applying homotopy perturbation method. As a result, the condition which should be avoided during the tufting process for resonance is obtained.     

筒子在筒子架不同位置上对片纱整经张力影响的分析和探讨

本文分析和探讨了筒子在筒子架不同位置上对片纱整经张力的影响问题,提出了与传统观点不同的新见解,指出该影响主要发生在片纱形成区,其变化规律随整经形式(分批、分条整经)、穿筘方法(分排法与分层法)以及整经机尺寸参数而变化.在相同初张力条件下,在筒子架区域内,前后排张力差异甚微.文章对分排法穿筘优于分层法作了新的解释,并指出分段分层加压措施在生产实际中往往难以精确确定加压原则和加压差异量,建议采用等加压型式的筒子架.     

络纱张力动态测试系统的研制

研究了一种测量络纱动态张力变化过程的系统 .系统中设计了一种双孔梁力传感器和简易的测量电路板 .该系统能够对络纱动态张力进行定量测定并绘制张力变化曲线 ,对研究络纱张力变化规律 ,分析影响张力变化的因素以及控制络纱张力波动 ,实现恒张力络筒具有重要的意义 .     

涤/棉网络复合纱张力探讨

对涤／棉网络复合纱的张力配置进行了实验论证，并阐述了张力对网络纱性能的影响。