逐步增加I型混合截尾试验下B-S部件的可靠性分析

在逐步增加I型混合截尾试验下,利用最大期望(expectation maximization, EM)算法讨论了Birnbaum-Saunders(B-S)部件的参数及可靠度的估计问题。将B-S分布复杂的分布形式转换成较为简单的逆高斯分布和逆高斯分布倒数的等加权和形式,推导出逐步增加I型混合截尾中隐藏变量的后验密度,进而获得部件寿命参数和可靠度的极大似然估计和渐近置信区间。蒙特卡罗数值算例表明,简化后的B-S分布在逐步增加I型混合截尾试验方案中,EM算法经过较少迭代即达到收敛。同时,通过对数据情形I和情形Ⅱ下的估计结果分析,给出了较一般截尾试验方式更为丰富的结论,使得相应的统计结果更加全面和精确。     

Degradation data-driven approach for remaining useful life estimation

Remaining useful life (RUL) estimation is termed as one of the key issues in prognostics and health management (PHM). To achieve RUL estimation for individual equipment, we present a degradation data-driven RUL estimation approach under the collaboration between Bayesian updating and expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. Firstly, we utilize an exponential-like degradation model to describe equipment degradation process and update stochastic parameters in the model via Bayesian approach. Based on the Bayesian updating results, both probability distribution of the RUL and its point estimation can be derived. Secondly, based on the monitored degradation data to date, we give a parameter estimation approach for non-stochastic parameters in the degradation model and prove that the obtained estimation is unique and optimal in each iteration. Finally, a numerical example and a practical case study for global positioning system (GPS) receiver are provided to show that the presented approach can model degradation process and achieve RUL estimation effectively and generate better results than a previously reported approach in literature.     

微波段电单轴介质主轴方向确定及参数反演

给出了各向异性介质介电系数张量主系表达式和实验室系表达式之间的关系。讨论了实验室系中电单轴介质介电系数张量的特点。将各向异性介质沿三个正交方向切割成板状样品,分析了电磁波沿不同入射方向和不同极化情形下,样品板后向散射的特点。提出了一种测量板状样品后向散射场交叉极化分量并结合已有方法反演微波段电单轴各向异性介质参数和确定介质主轴方向的新方法。利用时域有限差分方法数值模拟了电各向异性板状材料的后向散射,并给出了参数反演和主轴方向确定的算例。理论分析和数值模拟结果表明,本文方法可应用于自由空间测量中电单轴各向异性介质主轴方向确定和介质参数测量。     

基于HPP/PO的舰船与海面耦合散射快速算法

针对粗糙海面上舰船类超电大尺寸复杂目标电磁散射问题,提出了一种基于混合面元投影(HPP)和物理光学法(PO)的计算目标与海面耦合散射的快速算法。首先建立基于海谱的海面几何模型,并考虑海面面元的微粗糙特性,修正海面反射系数,然后针对目标和海面的结构特点,形成两种尺度面元混合的目标与海面模型,对电磁波在海面和目标之间的多次反射按照GO原理进行快速投影运算,并利用PO计算投影区域的散射贡献,最后给出了几组典型实例的计算结果。数值计算表明,该方法对于海面舰船类目标的散射计算是高效、准确的。     

Sampled-Data Stabilization of a Class of Stochastic Nonlinear Markov Switching System with Indistinguishable Modes Based on the Approximate Discrete-Time Models

This paper investigates the stabilization issue for a class of sampled-data nonlinear Markov switching system with indistinguishable modes. In order to handle indistinguishable modes, the authors reconstruct the original mode space by mode clustering method, forming a new merged Markov switching system. By specifying the difference between the Euler-Maruyama(EM) approximate discrete-time model of the merged system and the exact discrete-time model of the original Markov switching system, the authors prove that the sampled-data controller, designed for the merged system based on its EM approximation, can exponentially stabilize the original system in mean square sense. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the method.     

航空发动机组合维修策略的备件需求规律

以单台航空发动机系统在定时维修和失效更换相结合的维修策略下的备件需求规律为研究对象,假设航空发动机中的部件寿命服从一般分布,利用Phase-Type(PH)分布的稠密性将一般分布表示为PH分布形式;然后通过仿真获取整个发动机系统的备件更换时间序列;在仿真结果基础上,利用EM算法将单台发动机的备件需求点过程拟合为马尔可夫到达过程(Markovian arrival proccss,MAP),并根据MAP性质确定了多台相同发动机组成的系统的备件需求规律;最后通过一个示例说明了本文方法的有效性.文中通过仿真获取样本数据,再采用拟合算法确定需求规律的研究思路具有很好的通用性,对他人的研究工作有一定借鉴作用.     

Applications of Galilei Covariant Electrodynamics to VacuumSubstratum Phenomena in Absolute Space and Time

1.IMRODUCTIONAbsolutespaceandtimeappeartohavebeenfirstdefinedinaphysicalsensebyNewtonwhOshowed,bymeansofrotatingwaterbucketexperiments,thatvelocitiesofrotatingbodiesarenotrelativetOtheobserverbutrelativetoadistinguishedreferenceframedeterminedbythemassesoftheuniverse[l].Theasymmetricspillingoverofwateratthemomentofcollisionoftwowaterbuckets,approachingeachotherwithuniformvelocities,cannotbeexplainedbytheirrelativevelocityand,thus,requiresrecognitionoftheabsolutenatureofuniformbodymotions,…     

基于高斯混合模型的光纤罗经误差概率分布建模

针对船用光纤罗经误差的概率分布不完全符合高斯分布的情况, 提出了一种基于高斯混合模型(Gaussian mixture model, GMM)的光纤罗经误差概率分布函数(probability distribution function, PDF)建模方法。该方法使用多个高斯分布的线性叠加来拟合光纤罗经误差的概率分布, 并结合一种鲁棒性的期望最大化(expectation maximization, EM)算法来估计GMM中的参数。仿真分析和实测数据验证, 相比于使用单一的高斯分布, 基于所提方法建立的光纤罗经误差概率分布更加符合该导航设备误差的实际概率分布。     

AHP中(0, 2)EM法与(1/9, 9)EM法的比较研究

本文通过对Saaty提出的(1/9, 9)EM法与左军提出的(0, 2)EM法的比较研究, 认为(0, 2)EM法尚存在三点不足之处：(1)判断信息的损失；(2)累积优势度的损失；(3)一致性的损失。并提出一个判别一种比较标度适应性的指标──随机序隐率。     

基于EM的MIMO-OFDM系统MAP信道估计算法

最大后验概率（maximum a posteriori, MAP）信道估计算法应用于MIMO-OFDM系统时将带来大规模矩阵求逆和乘积运算,且OFDM符号的数据传输效率随着发送天线的增多逐渐下降。针对这些弊端,提出一种基于期望最大化（expectation maximum, EM）的MAP信道估计算法,并分析了算法的性能。该算法利用EM算法把多输入输出信道估计问题化简为一系列独立的单输入输出问题,避免了大规模矩阵运算,降低了MAP算法的计算复杂度;为进一步改善MAP算法的数据传输效率及其估计性能,可通过对多个连续的OFDM符号进行联合信道估计。通过仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性。     

旋转体波动方程时域有限差分法

为仿真电磁波与旋转体的相互作用,通过把电磁场的6个分量作傅里叶展开,把三维波动方程简化至二维,并用时域有限差分法(FDTD)基本原理求解二维波动方程,实现了旋转体波动方程时域有限差分法(BOR WE FDTD)。相对于旋转体时域有限差分法(BORFDTD),BOR WE FDTD具有节约内存和机时、程序简单等优势。通过模拟介质球对简谐波的散射,并把结果和理论结果、BORFDTD结果作对比,证实了BORWEFDTD的有效性。     

层次分析新标度法

针对（０,２）ＥＭ法及（１／９,９）ＥＭ法的不足,提出了效果较好的（－２,２）ＥＭ法。     

模糊互补判断矩阵排序的最小方差法

给出了模糊互补序传递判断矩阵的概念 ,并从最优化角度提出了模糊互补判断矩阵的最小方差排序方法 .证明了该法具有一些优良性质 ,如 :保序性 ,置换不变性等 .从而弥补了模糊互补判断矩阵排序理论和方法的严重不足 .最后进行了算例分析 .     

A Genetic Algorithm for Estimations of Parameters under Partial Order Restrictions

ＡＧｅｎｅｔｉｃＡｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｆｏｒＥｓｔｉｍａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＰａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓｕｎｄｅｒＰａｒｔｉａｌＯｒｄｅｒＲｅｓｔｒｉｃｔｉｏｎｓＺＨＡＯＲｕｉｑｉｎｇＣｏｌｅｇｅｏｆＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｒｉｎｇ，Ｓｈｉｊｉａｚｈｕａｎｇ０...     

EM算法在Wiener过程随机参数的超参数值估计中的应用

Wiener过程广泛用于产品的性能退化建模,为了便于Bayesian统计推断大都采用随机参数的共轭先验分布。针对目前的二步法得到的超参数先验估计值精度不高的问题,研究了最大期望(expectation maximization,EM)算法在Wiener过程超参数先验估计中的应用。EM算法将随机参数作为隐含变量对先验信息进行整体处理,利用随机参数的期望值代替其估计值,通过Expectation和Maximization组成的递归迭代过程寻找超参数的估计值。仿真实验表明,EM算法相比于二步法提高了估计精度,特别是在采样数量较少时EM算法具有较大的精度优势。GaAs激光器实例应用表明EM算法不但具备很好的收敛性而且有良好的工程应用价值。     

一类资源负荷均衡问题的误差极小化调度算法

针对一类n个独立任务在m个不完全同等的处理机上处理,使处理机的最大负荷为最小的非抢先调度问题,在双最小平衡算法的基础上提出了误差极小化算法,并分析了它的时间复杂性。在此基础上,提出了基于遗传的误差极小化算法,并通过仿真实例证实了它在结果上优于基于遗传的双最小平衡算法。     

Wentzel-Kramer-Brillouin and finite-difference time-domain analysis of Terahertz band electromagnetic characteristics of target coated with unmagnetized plasma

We investigate computationally the attenuation and reflection of Terahertz （THz） wave using targets coated with plasmas. The simulators are the Wentzel-Kramer-Brillouin （WKB） method and finite-difference timedomain （FDTD） method. The relation between the frequency of the incident electromagnetic （EM） wave and the attenuation caused by unmagnitized plasma is analyzed. The results demonstrate that the amount of absorbed power is a decreasing function of the EM wave frequency and the plasma collision frequency. For THz band incident wave, the attenuation that is caused by plasma is small when the plasma has common density and the collision frequency. This conclusion has fine applying foreground for plasma anti stealth.     

AHP中两类标度的关系研究

把众多的标度作了分类,研究了它们之间的关系,并给出了一种简单、实用的转化公式．最后进行了算例分析     

一种GPS信号码片内多径时延估计算法

针对全球定位系统(global position system, GPS)中延迟差小于一个C/A码片的多径时延估计问题,提出一种基于约束增量维纳滤波的多径时延估计算法。该算法利用GPS信号C/A码延时先验估计,对多径冲激信道时延估计值和衰减系数估计值进行区间约束和幅度约束,并将约束条件应用到增量维纳滤波的迭代过程中,从而实现码片内多径时延的估计。理论分析和仿真结果表明,此算法具有时空复杂度低、收敛快,在低信噪比条件下有较高的分辨率等优点。     

Some properties of linguistic preference relation and its ranking in group decision making

The group decision making problem with linguistic preference relations is studied.The concept of additive consistent linguistic preference relation is defined,and then some properties of the additive consistent linguistic preference relation are studied.In order to rank the alternatives in the group decision making with the linguistic preference relations,the weighted average is first utilized to combine the group linguistic preference relations to one linguistic preference relation,and then the transformation function is proposed to transform the linguistic preference relation to the multiplicative preference relation,and thus the Saaty's eigenvector method (EM) of multiplicative preference relation is utilized to rank the alternatives in group decision making with the linguistic preference relations.Finally,an illustrative numerical example is given to verify the proposed method.A comparative study to the linguistic ordered weighted averaging (LOWA) operator method is also demonstrated.