超低功耗电子温度计设计

以高性能、超低功耗的8位AVR微处理器ATMEGA88V-10PI为控制核心,采用低功耗的日历时钟PCF8563T、液晶显示LCM0816和温度传感器-10K热敏电阻-3950等实现了超低功耗电子温度计设计。经实际测试,本系统各项性能指标均符合设计要求,整机静态功耗低至0.49微安。     

基于门控时钟的CMOS电路低功耗设计

阐述了如何运用门控时钟来进行CMOS电路的低功耗设计。分析了门控时钟的实现方式,如何借助EDA工具在设计中使用门控时钟,并且附有部分脚本程序,以一个watchdogtimer模块为例,给出了相关的功耗分析报告和优化结果。这样,可以借助EDA工具的帮助,在综合时插入门控时钟,较大幅度地降低功耗,同时附带减小面积,为使用门控时钟进行低功耗设计者提供有益的参考。     

面向光通信应用的CMOS 28 Gbps低功耗高抖动容限CDR电路设计

为了解决光模块中高功耗芯片恶化激光调制器性能，以及解决收发端时钟基准偏差导致误码率高的问题，设计了一款低功耗高抖动容限的时钟数据恢复电路（CDR）。通过采用压控振荡器（VCO）型全速时钟的CDR系统架构和电感峰化的时钟缓冲技术，降低了CDR芯片的功耗；通过在CDR积分通路中引入零点补偿电阻，提高了CDR的抖动容限。该CDR采用CMOS 65 nm工艺设计和1.1 V电源供电，后端仿真结果表明：当CDR电路工作在28 Gbps时，功耗是2.18 pJ/bit，能容忍的固定频差是5 000 ppm，恢复时钟的抖动峰峰值是5.6 ps，抖动容限达到了设计指标，且满足CIE-25/28G协议规范。     

炮口感应装定引信电路低功耗设计

在分析炮口感应装定电子时间引信工作原理的基础上,结合炮口感应装定引信电路的工作特点,应用单片机对引信电路进行低功耗设计.采用低压供电、间断供电、独立高低频时钟在线切换,以及软件设计技术等方法来降低引信电路的总功耗.根据引信电路各模块的工作电流、电压及工作时间,估算整个系统的总功耗.结果证明该文方法满足引信电路的功耗设计要求.     

一种低功耗时钟树综合的寄存器聚类方法

随着集成电路制造工艺的进步与芯片集成度的提升，对于低功耗芯片的需求越来越大.时钟网络功耗占芯片总功耗的 40%以上，优化时钟网络的功耗已成为高性能集成电路设计中最重要的目标之一.本文提出了一种新的寄存器聚类方法来生成时钟树的叶级拓扑结构，通过限制群组的扇出、负载和范围，对寄存器进行合理分组，减少了缓冲器的插入数目和总布线长度，有效降低时钟网络功耗.将该方法整合到传统的时钟树综合（CTS）流程中，在ISCAS89 基准电路上测试并分析其有效性.实验结果表明，该寄存器聚类方法在不影响时钟树最大延时的情况下，有效减少了时钟网络20%以上的功率耗散和20%以上的时钟偏移.     

用于无线传感器网络的AES协处理器设计

在讨论高级加密标准(AES,advanced encryption standard)的算法、电路实现的基础上,通过功耗、面积和速度的折衷完成了用于无线传感器网络的AES协处理器设计.重点讨论了实现设计中面积和功耗优化的问题.采用加密解密复用设计,减小了设计面积.通过分析功耗的瓶颈,采用低功耗的S盒设计和减小组合电路无效翻转的方法进行功耗优化,并给出了功耗仿真的结果.该设计能达到非常快的处理速度,数据率可达到每时钟周期1.33 byte.     

电路设计中实现低功耗途径的探讨

CMOS电路功耗主要由动态功耗决定的，文章分析了影响CMOS电路功耗的主要因素，同时指出了降低CMOS电路功耗的主要途径，并介绍了一些低功耗器件的设计方法和低功耗的设计技巧．     

一种低功耗时钟芯片的设计

讨论了一种低功耗时钟芯片的设计，从CMOS电路功耗产生原因入手，在振荡分频电路中减小电路工作电压，在时序电路中采用门控技术，达到降低功耗的目的，经流片后测试表明该芯片工作电流0．17mA，满足低功耗要求。     

面积优化与低功耗设计的JavaCard处理器

AOJCP（area-optimized JavaCard processor）是一种自主设计的基于微码、面积优化、低功耗的JavaCard硬件处理器．首先,描述了AOJCP中的微码处理器总体框架、单周期与控制-应答机制结合的微码设计、JavaCard指令执行过程;然后在FPGA（field programmable gate array）中实现．结果表明,AOJCP占用1410 LogicCells（约合16k门）,最高频率36．2MHz,典型时钟频率3．7MHz时,功耗为48mW．     

环境参数测量系统及其液晶显示设计

给出了单片机控制下的液晶显示模块的硬件电路,并以此为基础完成了温度、湿度和紫外线强度的实时测量与显示.介绍了液晶模块的寄存器设置和控制时序,并针对彩色液晶显示模块的高功耗缺点,设计了系统的睡眠功能,降低了系统功耗.系统通过温度传感器、湿度传感器及紫外线传感器采集当前环境参数,并结合语音模块实现了环境参数的实时测量、显示及播报.该系统完成了样机的设计与测试,人机交互界面友好,达到了预期目标.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.