长江水系沉积物碎屑石榴石化学组成及物源示踪

长江流域主要干流和支流碎屑沉积物中的单颗粒石榴石化学组成分析显示,石榴石元素组成以SiO_2、FeO、Al_2O_3、MnO、CaO、MgO、TiO_2为主,石榴石组合主要是镁铝榴石、铁铝榴石、钙铝榴石和锰铝榴石,其平均物质的量分数分别是65.4%、13.8%、9.4%和11.5%.利用石榴石G-P-AS物源分析方法,可以识别出长江流域的特征石榴石组合.长江水系沉积物中碎屑石榴石呈低Mg、高Mn特征,其源岩以中低级变质岩为主,长江流域出露的片岩、千枚岩和大理岩以及低温接触变质岩控制了沉积物石榴石的组成.金沙江是长江入海粗粒沉积物的主要来源,石榴石组合呈现为典型的低Mg、高Mn特征,与整个长江干流石榴石组成一致,但由于未受到中下游近源沉积物影响,其石榴石组合可以作为长江特征物源端元,用以中国东部海域沉积物物源示踪.     

明溪石榴石的宝石学特征

产于福建明溪的石榴石有两种类型 .一种为紫红色 ,具有主波长 5 85～ 5 88nm ,饱和度 0 .5 6 9～ 0 .6 2 9,折射率 1.74,密度 3.6 5～ 3.78g/cm3;另一种为褐红色 ,主波长 5 95～ 6 0 0nm ,饱和度 0 .86 6～ 0 .939,折射率1.75～ 1.76 ,密度 >3.8g/cm3.在RI -D图上 ,前者属镁铝榴石 ,而褐红色的石榴石落在铁铝榴石—镁铝榴石区域内 .明溪石榴石含有特征的钉状包裹体 .电子探针分析表明 ,紫红色的石榴石中含有较高的Cr,而褐红色的石榴石中则富含Fe和Ti.文章还探讨了明溪石榴石的吸收光谱特点及颜色成因 .     

矽卡岩中石榴子石的稀土配分特征及其成因指示

通过总结矽卡岩矿床中石榴子石的主、微量成分组成特征,探讨影响稀土配分特征的主要原因.结果表明,矽卡岩矿床中石榴子石主要为钙铝-钙铁榴石系列.随着Fe含量减少,从钙铁榴石富集轻稀土变化为钙铝榴石富集重稀土.随着钙铁榴石含量逐渐减少,富集轻稀土的石榴石配分曲线最高点从La-Ce移动到Ce-Pr,再移动到Pr-Nd.石榴子石...     

用电子探针鉴定宝石

运用电子探针对石榴石、橄榄石族宝石进行了成分分析，鉴定了宝石种。通过对天然蓝宝石与合成蓝宝石的电子探针成分分析，研究了蓝宝石中致色元素种类、含量和比值，为人工合成蓝宝石以及天然蓝宝石的优化改色提供了依据。同时，还对蓝宝石中人工玻璃包裹体进行了讨论     

新疆西天山长阿吾子蛇绿混杂岩中与榴辉岩伴生的异剥钙榴岩的发现及其地质意义

在西天山长阿吾子蛇绿岩中的蛇纹石化超基性岩中,首次发现了由原榴辉岩相岩石经异剥钙榴岩化作用形成的异剥钙榴岩.该异剥钙榴岩主要由钙铝榴石、透辉石、葡萄石、绿泥石和少量榴辉岩相变质矿物绿辉石和铁镁铝榴石等组成.详细的岩石学研究表明,该异剥钙榴岩是在超基性岩二次蛇纹岩化过程中由榴辉岩相岩石经异剥钙榴岩化作用形成.异剥钙榴岩化过程开始于370～410℃/650～850MPa;大规模的异剥钙榴岩化出现在200～350℃/400～600MPa的温压条件.在P-T图上由榴辉岩相到异剥钙榴岩构成了明显的退变轨迹,这表明西天山长阿吾子异剥钙榴岩是由原榴辉岩相变质岩石抬升、回返过程中发生异剥钙榴岩化作用形成的.异剥钙榴岩并不只限于洋底变质的构造环境中,也可以形成于俯冲带中.     

拜耳法低铁赤泥制备硅钾肥工艺及硅钾活化机理研究

本研究采用KOH水热处理工艺实现了拜耳法低铁赤泥中有毒钠元素的深度脱除,且同时活化了其中硅、钾等有益元素,将赤泥固废清洁转化为无机硅钾肥产品.分析表明,在KOH水热过程中,主要是含钠物相方钠石分解转化为钾沸石,同时钠元素进入液相,而钙铝榴石不参与反应.钾沸石相的生成是有效钾含量提升的主要原因,同时水热处理过程中有部分石...     

加热处理镁铝榴石的晶体化学研究

通过应用XRD,IR和MS谱对加热过程中的一个紫红色含铬镁铝榴石样品作了研究,结果表明,在1000℃时,镁铝榴石转化为辉石和非晶态的Al_2O_3,但在加热只达800℃的过程中,其十二面体中的Fe~(2+)逐渐氧化为Fe~(3+),并与四面体中原有的Fe~(3+)和八面体中的Al~(3+)一同析出。从而得出,在镁铝榴石结晶过程中,高温有利于Fe~(3+)和Cr~(3+)取代Al~(3+)进入八面体,但却不利于Fe~(3+)进入四面体。这一结论对重新认识镁铝榴石在金刚石找矿方面的标志特征具有十分重要的意义。     

缅甸帕敢地区含硬玉富钙榴辉岩的发现

在缅甸帕敢地区新发现一种榴辉岩,其全岩化学成分中CaO>15%,主要组成矿物石榴石的X Ca >0.9,另一主要组成矿物绿辉石中硬玉端员含量约40%,结构为粒状柱状变晶结构.温压计算结果(750℃,2.7GPa)说明其形成于高温高压的环境.建议称其为"钙铝榴辉岩",以与相对富铁镁的榴辉岩和辉榴蓝晶岩相区分.钙铝榴辉岩的发现丰富了榴辉岩的研究内容,且进一步证明印度板块东部与扬子板块的碰撞带是一高压变质带.     

一种特殊类型的夕卡岩—镁铝夕卡岩的矿物特征

在研究我国河北省邯邢铁矿的过程中,发现了一种矿物组成比较特殊的夕卡岩。其组成矿物主要有富铝透辉石、绿脆云母、尖晶石、钙镁橄榄石、钙铝榴石、富铝角闪石、硅硫磷灰石、及蓝色方解石等。与我国常见的钙夕卡岩及镁夕卡岩有明显不同。它作为一个早期独立的阶段分布在各矿区,因其组成的矿物中富含镁、铝,故名“镁铝夕卡岩”。其后期的热液蚀变产生了众多的罕见矿物如雪硅钙石、碳硅钙石、吉水硅钙石、硅灰石膏等及大量沸石类矿物,但无石英,酷似基性火山岩的蚀变产物。矿物学研究表明,这种夕卡岩形成于一种富镁、铝而SiO_2不饱和的地球化学环境和高温低XCO_2的条件。     

三个产地碧玉的矿物组成及化学组成特征

针对产自中国新疆且末和台湾花莲以及加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的碧玉样品,采用常规宝石学测试、偏光显微镜观察以及电子探针和质谱分析,就其矿物组成及化学组成进行系统分析。研究结果显示,三个产地碧玉多为绿色、深绿色、墨绿色,且均含有斑点状或条带状黑色副矿物;常规宝石学特征相似,难以区分。镜下观察可见三个产地碧玉样品主要矿物成分均为透闪石,加拿大碧玉中可含少量阳起石和辉石,且末碧玉中副矿物主要为钙铬榴石,加拿大和花莲碧玉中副矿物主要为钙铝榴石。电子探针分析结果表明,样品主要矿物是透闪石,且随Fe、Cr含量的增加碧玉颜色显示出由浅至深的变化。电感耦合等离子质谱仪（LA?ICP?MS）分析结果显示,花莲碧玉Sc含量明显高于其他两个产地,可视为该产地碧玉的化学成分标型特征。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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