苜蓿花叶病毒RNA2 3''''端cDNA转基因烟草及其抗病性研究

将本室克隆的编码复制酶基因3′端约1／2序列及其3′端非编码区的苜蓿花叶病毒中国分离株(AIMV-Ch)RNA：3′端cDNA，重组到植物表达载体pROKⅡ中，通过致瘤农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)介导，以叶圆片为转化材料，转化普通烟草，并获得了转基因植株．经卡那霉素抗性选择、PCR检测目的基因证明．AIMV RNA：3′端基因已整合到转基因烟草的基因组DNA中．转基因植物的攻毒试验表明转基因植株对苜蓿花叶病毒产生高水平的抗性．     

基于Gene-Deletor系统的安全复合性状转基因烟草研究

本研究利用农杆菌介导法将带有水稻花粉特异启动子籼稻花粉过敏原基因(OSIPA)启动子驱动的Gene-Deletor外源基因清除系统,水稻Os GA3ox2(D18)启动子驱动水稻Os GA2ox1基因,玉米Ubiquitin启动子驱动BAR::GUS融合基因为筛选标记基因以及水稻Actin1启动子驱动驱动抗虫Cry1Ab基因复合性状植物表达载体p GM626-D18-Os GA2ox1遗传转化三星烟草。通过GUS组织化学染色及PCR分子鉴定,获得了43株转基因烟草植株。结果表明,水稻OsGA2ox1基因在烟草中表达能降低转基因烟草植株高度,但不影响植株生殖生长。转基因烟草对烟草斜纹夜蛾幼虫具有抗性,可抑制烟草斜纹夜蛾幼虫的取食与发育。以50 mg/L的除草剂Basta处理野生型和转基因烟草离体叶片,发现BAR基因提高了烟草抗除草剂的能力。对12株转基因烟草T0代花粉外源基因清除效率进行研究,发现部分烟草株系外源基因清除可达到100%,其他未完全清除外源基因株系的清除效率介于42.84%~99.97%之间。     

不同因子对油菜花粉分裂的影响

通过油菜花药离体培养中影响分裂因子的研究。结果表明，外源植物激素２．４－Ｄ的浓度在０．１－１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ内有促进作用，花粉发育单核中至晚期诱导率最佳．３％的蔗糖有利于花粉的分裂。     

苜蓿花叶病毒RNA23''''端cDNA转基因烟草的研究

将克隆的苜蓿花叶病毒中国分离株(AIMV—Ch)RNA23′端cDNA重组到植物表达载体pROKⅡ中，用三亲融合法导入农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)LBA4404，采用叶圆片法转化普通烟草，诱导再生小植株．经卡那霉素抗性筛选和PCR检测，证明AIMV RNA23′端基因已整合到转基因烟草的基因组DNA中．     

金鱼草Del基因影响烟草花色素苷的研究

采用根癌农杆菌介导法,获得转Ｄｅｌ基因的转基因烟草植株．对９株可能的转基因植株（Ｔ０代）ＤＮＡ进行ＮＰＴⅡ基因的ＰＣＲ－Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ杂交分析,其中８株显示ＮＰＴⅡ基因阳性．对其中５株开花的阳性植株进行ＤｅｌＤＮＡ的ＰＣＲ－Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ杂交分析,全部显示ＤｅｌＤＮＡ阳性．Ｋｍ抗性Ｔ１代转基因植株ＤＮＡ进行ＤｅｌＤＮＡ的ＰＣＲ－Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ杂交分析,结果显示全部含有ＤｅｌＤＮＡ．在５３０ｎｍ处测量Ｔ０代转基因植株中花色素苷含量和分布情况,３株转基因烟草的花萼、花冠和雄蕊部位花色素苷含量增加,而在雌蕊和叶中减少．在一定程度上验证了Ｄｅｌ基因的生物学功能,证实并补充了Ｇｏｏｄｒｉｃｈ等关于色素沉积模式的论述．     

苜蓿花叶病毒RNA_23′端cDNA转基因烟草的研究

将克隆的苜蓿花叶病毒中国分离株(AlMV-Ch)RNA23′端cDNA重组到植物表达载体pROKII中,用三亲融合法导入农杆菌(Agrobacteriumtumefaciens)LBA4404,采用叶圆片法转化普通烟草,诱导再生小植株.经卡那霉素抗性筛选和PCR检测,证明AlMVRNA23′端基因已整合到转基因烟草的基因组DNA中.     

复制酶基因介导的抗病毒烟草植株的研究

将构建的携带烟草花叶病毒（ＴＭＶ）５４ＫＤ蛋白基因及黄瓜花叶病毒（ＣＭＶ）３’端缺失０．９Ｋｂ的１．６Ｋｂ片断复制酶基因植物表达载体ｐＢＩＣＴ，导入根癌农杆菌３１１ＳＥ系，用叶圆盘法转化烟草，在含有卡那霉素的选择性培养基上诱导生芽、生根，得到２８株成活苗．移入大田后，随机挑选４．株植物，提取植物总ＤＮＡ，经ＰＣＲ扩增、Ｓｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交检测，结果４株植物中都有复制酶基因的整合，而未经转化的对照组植物则没有．转基因植株在大田试验中表现了良好的抗烟草花叶病毒及黄瓜花叶病毒能力．     

苜蓿花叶病毒RNA_23′端cDNA转基因烟草及其抗病性研究

将本室克隆的编码复制酶基因3′端约1/2序列及其3′端非编码区的苜蓿花叶病毒中国分离株(AlMV-Ch)RNA23′端cDNA,重组到植物表达载体pROKII中,通过致瘤农杆菌(A-grobacteriumtumefaciens)介导,以叶圆片为转化材料,转化普通烟草,并获得了转基因植株.经卡那霉素抗性选择、PCR检测目的基因证明AlMVRNA23′端基因已整合到转基因烟草的基因组DNA中.转基因植物的攻毒试验表明转基因植株对苜蓿花叶病毒产生高水平的抗性.     

根癌农杆菌法转化烟草的条件探索

 利用含有四环素阻遏蛋白,具有卡娜霉素抗性的烟草种子为实验材料,采用根癌农杆菌介导转化中的叶圆盘法,将外源基因导入烟草愈伤组织,建成可诱导表达细胞质和细胞核CaM/CaM结合多肽的转基因烟草体系.在获得转基因植物的过程中,通过比较影响根癌农杆菌转化频率的各种因素,表明植物材料的选择和培养,农杆菌的培养和稀释,植物材料与农杆菌共培养的程度及转基因植株的筛选条件是影响农杆菌转化效率的重要因素.     

高山离子芥CbPLDβ基因对转基因烟草抗寒性的影响

为分析高山离子芥CbPLDβ基因的抗寒性价值,本实验构建了高山离子芥CbPLDβ的表达载体PBI121-CbPLDβ并转化烟草,经过筛选及PCR测序鉴定,获得转基因烟草植株.通过低温胁迫实验,分析了转基因烟草的抗寒性,结果表明:外源基因已经整合到烟草基因组中,在低温胁迫下转基因烟草植株的电解质渗透率普遍低于野生型烟草,而游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量均高于野生型烟草,说明CbPLDβ基因提高了烟草抵抗低温的能力.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the