针状碱式氯化镁的合成及形态分析

以氯化镁、氢氧化钙为原料合成了碱式氯化镁,利用TEM和XRD表征了固体产物的形态结构,分析了合成过程机理。在MgCl2/Ca(OH)2-CaCl2与MgCl2/NH4OH体系合成碱式氯化镁时,固体产物的形态结构主要取决于体系的pH值和熟化时间;在pH值小于9.5时利用MgCl2/NH4OH体系可以得到组成和结构良好的碱式氯化镁。对于MgCl2/Ca(OH)2-CaCl2体系,氢氧化钙含量增加或熟化时间延长,有利于得到针状碱式氯化镁。Ca(OH)2与MgCl2的反应历程不同于NH3·H2O,得到的碱式氯化镁在形貌和性质上存在很大差别。     

人工合成纳米羟基磷灰石的研究

以磷酸二氢钙 ( Ca( H2 PO4) 2 · H2 O)和氢氧化钙 ( Ca( OH) 2 )的沉淀反应为基础 ,重点探讨反应条件、形核剂、干燥温度、烧结温度对羟基磷灰石形貌及尺寸的影响 .结果表明 ,通过控制反应温度、搅拌速度、反应时间及加入一定量的形核剂 ,可以得到纳米级、分散性良好的羟基磷灰石     

Ca(OH)_2-H_2O-CO_2反应系统纳米碳酸钙的结晶过程

采用pH计和电导率仪对Ca(OH)2H2OCO2系统合成纳米碳酸钙反应过程跟踪检测,结果表明,对质量分数为2%～10%的Ca(OH)2悬浊液,温度为16～30℃时,碳化反应前期速率受CO2吸收控制,反应末期受Ca(OH)2溶解控制;温度为12℃时,在碳化反应前期电导率第一次下降回复过程中,碳化反应速率受Ca(OH)2溶解控制·产品粒度随Ca(OH)2悬浊液温度和质量分数的升高而增大,温度为12～25℃,质量分数为2%～8%时,可制得纳米CaCO3颗粒·电导率曲线的第一次下降回复与CaCO3产品的粒度存...     

煤矸石-Ca(OH)2-H2O体系火山灰反应程度研究

借助于示差扫描量热分析(DSC)对不同煤矸石-Ca(OH)2-H2O体系的不同龄期样品的Ca(OH)2质量分数的测定,研究了不同煤矸石-Ca(OH)2-H2O体系的火山灰反应程度.研究结果表明:在不掺激发剂时,火山灰反应消耗的Ca(OH)2量和体系的初始Ca(OH)2含量有关,存在一最佳的Ca(OH)2初始含量;掺入适量的Na2SO4可以使得体系的火山灰反应程度在较短龄期内得到显著的提高;在标准养护条件下,体系的火山灰反应程度稍高于水养护.     

粉煤灰物理化学性能评述

引言粉煤灰是一种烧粘土质、人工火山灰质材料。它主要由四种颗粒组成:即铝硅酸盐、石英、氧化铁(磁铁矿及赤铁矿)和硫酸盐。在常温或升温条件下,粉煤灰可与石灰以及水泥水化反应析出的氢氧化钙Ca(OH)_2反应,这时粉煤灰中的玻璃体慢慢地溶解在饱和的石灰溶液中,生成水化硅酸钙凝胶,与C_3A反应生成水化铝硅酸钙凝胶。这说明粉煤灰具有     

一水硬铝石矿-氢氧化钠-氢氧化钙体系在微波场中的物相演变

将一水硬铝石矿与Ca(OH)_2和过饱和NaOH溶液均匀混合后在微波炉中焙烧。利用X线衍射分析技术,研究不同实验因素(微波焙烧温度、NaOH添加量、Ca(OH)_2添加量和保温时间)对一水硬铝石矿-氢氧化钠-氢氧化钙体系相变规律的影响。研究结果表明:升高微波焙烧温度、增加NaOH和Ca(OH)_2的添加量,延长微波保温时间均有利于NaAlO_2和Ca_2SiO_4的形成,从而提高铝硅分离的效果。但当Ca(OH)_2添加过量时反而对熟料的物相结构不利。实验的最优条件为:NaOH与Al和Fe的物质的量比n_(NaOH)/(n_(Al)+n_(Fe))为1.0,CaO与SiO_2的物质的量比n_(CaO)/n_(SiO_2)为2.0,微波焙烧温度为800℃,保温时间为20 min。此时,熟料的结构疏松多孔,浸出效果好。     

贝壳脱除垃圾焚烧烟气中氯化氢的实验研究

为解决海岛生活垃圾焚烧中消除HCl问题,研究贝壳代替传统钙基吸附剂可行性。利用贝壳、Ca(OH)_2和Ca CO_3对高温模拟烟气进行HCl吸附实验,讨论了温度、吸附剂成分、吸附反应平衡和Ca/Cl物质的量之比对吸附剂脱氯性能的影响。结果表明,温度高于700℃时,贝壳的脱氯效果优于Ca(OH)_2和Ca CO_3;贝壳与钙基吸附剂脱氯规律有相似之处,高温下,Ca(OH)_2首先转化为Ca CO_3来发挥吸附作用;而贝壳主要成分为Ca CO_3;温度高于700℃时,贝壳吸附HCl反应的平衡浓度与Ca(OH)_2和Ca CO_3相当或更低;综合热值、脱氯效率等因素,最佳贝壳投加量为垃圾总量的9%～13%。     

低分子量酚醛树脂改性速生杨试验

用低分子量酚醛树脂浸渍处理速生杨以提高其尺寸稳定性及某些力学性质.通过正交试验对不同甲醛与苯酚物质的量比、加入Na OH量和PVA量3个因素下所制备的低分子量酚醛树脂浸渍速生杨,并压制层积材测定其胶合强度、静曲强度、弹性模量.试验结果表明:低分子量酚醛树脂改性速生杨的最佳工艺条件为n(甲醛)∶n(苯酚)为2.4,n(Na OH)∶n(苯酚)为0.05,PVA质量占苯酚质量的3%,在该条件下速生杨试件的各项性能都得到了提高,能够满足室外木结构用材的要求.     

热碱预处理对玉米秸秆厌氧消化的影响

在55℃下利用氢氧化钙和氢氧化钾对玉米秸秆进行预处理,考察氢氧化钾和氢氧化钙两种热碱预处理对玉米秸秆中温厌氧消化的影响。结果表明,相同浓度的碱用量下,KOH预处理后厌氧消化产气效果明显优于Ca(OH)₂ 预处理。0.5%KOH和2.0%Ca(OH)₂耦合的预处理效果与1.5% KOH以及1.5%Ca(OH)₂单独预处理效果相当,累积单位挥发性固体（VS）甲烷产量为247.3mL/g,相比于未预处理组甲烷产量提高了58.7%,说明可以用2.0%Ca(OH)₂代替1.0% KOH。从成本节约的角度,1.5%Ca(OH)₂为最佳的热碱预处理条件,累积单位VS甲烷产量为242.2mL/g,比未预处理效果提高了55.4%。     

化学沉淀法快速制备纳米羟基磷灰石粉体工艺研究

以Ca(OH)_2和Ca(H_2PO_4)2·H_2O为原材料,采用化学沉淀法制备纳米羟基磷灰石(HA)粉体。改变不同反应物量、加入方法及后续反应时间等去探索快速制备纳米HA粉体的工艺。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)测试手段对样品的成分、组织形貌等进行分析。研究结果表明碱性环境有利于加快氢氧化钙和磷酸二氢钙在溶液中的反应速度,从而提高HA的生产效率;20倍反应物量,将Ca(H_2PO_4)_2溶液分20次以1分钟为间隔加入Ca(OH)_2过饱和溶液中并保持后续反应时间30分钟为本研究实验条件下最快制备纳米HA粉体的工艺,和原始制备工艺相比,可提高生产效率60倍。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that