纳米ZnO电极的制备及光电催化降解苯酚的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米ZnO粉体,通过X射线衍射和透射电镜研究了纳米ZnO粉体的结构和形貌。XRD和TEM测试表明,所制备的ZnO粉体,具有六方晶系纤锌矿结构,晶粒平均线性粒径约为30 nm。以涂覆法制备纳米ZnO电极,考察外加电压、电极间距离和支持电解质浓度对苯酚降解率的影响。结果表明:在室温(20℃)下,外加电压2.0 V、电极间距离为0.60 cm、支持电解质Na2SO4的浓度为0.070 mol/L时,苯酚的降解率可达70%。动力学研究表明,苯酚降解反应为一级反应。     

一种单平面电极阵列结构的介质上电润湿数字微流控器件

一种高介电常数(K=7.6～11.6)的有机铁电聚合物材料——偏氟乙烯与三氟乙烯共聚物首次作为介质层用于介质上电润湿效应的数字微流控器件.在30 V的外加电压下,液滴与器件间的固-液接触角可以从118°下降到75°,并且呈现明显的电压极性相关性.基于此现象,设计并制作了新型的单平面电极阵列结构的数字微流控器件,简化了器件结构和工艺流程,整个工艺步骤可以与集成电路工艺兼容.新型器件成功实现了3μL的液滴的往返运输,工作电压只需20 V.     

溶胶电泳沉积法制备PZT压电薄膜

用溶胶电泳沉积法制备出了Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3压电薄膜,分析了溶胶浓度和电极电压等因素对薄膜制备的影响.实验结果表明浓度为0.2～0.3mol/L,pH值为3.5～4的溶胶适于电泳,外加电压约为1V左右可以在阴极ITO玻璃上得到纯净、钙钛矿结构的PZT薄膜.     

液体减震

摩托罗拉最近为一项汽车减震技术申请专利。通过一种特殊液体在电场作用下增加粘稠度 ,可以达到减震的目的。这种液体封装在两个电极之间的一个容器里 ,电极上有上千伏的电压 ,使液体粘稠。司机驾驶汽车在颠簸的道路行驶时 ,用控制按钮接通电源就可以减轻震动。冬天冷的时候 ,这种液体更加粘稠。为了补偿这个差别 ,摩托罗拉建议在气缸里放一个双金属片 ,与其中之一的电极相接触。当液体很凉时 ,金属片会向相对的电极倾斜 ,释放掉一些电荷 ,使电压降低 ,保证汽车减震的效果与热天一样。液体减震@徐小敏     

菲涅尔液晶透镜的制备及偏光织构研究

针对现有的液晶透镜制备工艺复杂、工作电压高等缺陷,提出了一种制备工艺简单、工作电压低的新型菲涅尔液晶透镜.用紫外光曝光光刻掩膜版,得到了相应的菲涅尔波带式电极,灌注TN型液晶并制成样品,其工作电压为3.0 V,占空比为1:1,偏压为1:1.施加频率为100 Hz的交流方波信号,用正交偏光显微镜在不同外加电压下对偏光织构进行了观察.结果表明,偏光织构随外加电压的改变呈连续性变化,电极结构存在边缘效应,且随着电压的增大,边缘效应越严重.     

三电极非热电弧发生器放电模式的实验研究

该文提出了一种三电极非热电弧等离子体发生器结构设计,通过引入浮动电极,降低了非热电弧放电的点火电压,获得了稳态的非热电弧放电等离子体。实验结果表明:采用该三电极结构的等离子体发生器所产生的等离子体气体温度在2.0×103~3.0×103 K之间;在其他参数保持不变的情况下,随着等离子体工作气体流量的增加,存在非热电弧放电、非热电弧-介质阻挡混合放电和表面介质阻挡放电3种不同的放电模式;在等离子体工作气体流量不变的情况下,增加电源的输入功率将有利于使放电保持在非热电弧放电模式下。三电极结构的非热电弧发生器有助于实际应用中在较低的外加电压下产生非热电弧等离子体,并在较大的气体流量下维持非热电弧等离子体的工作状态。     

采用环境友好电解法制备过氧化氢

以IrO2.RuO2涂层钛电极(Ir-Ru/Ti)为阳极,将其与活性炭纤维布(ACFC)阴极一起构成电解池来制备过氧化氢,分析了不同电压、pH值和空气流量时过氧化氢的生成效率,比较了Ir-Ru/Ti电极和钛电极对制备性能的影响.实验结果表明:采用Ir-Ru/Ti涂层钛电极作为阳极可以有效地促进过氧化氢的生成,且过程稳定性比采用钛电极时有所提高;在酸性及中性条件下均可以有效地生成过氧化氢;提高空气流量有利于过氧化氢的生成;电解反应的电压对过氧化氢的生成有重要的影响,电压过高或者过低的均不利于过氧化氢的生成;当溶液为中性、不外加化学试剂、空气流量为80mL/min、工作电压为20V、电解反应90min时,所生成的过氧化氢浓度达8.18×10-4mol/L.     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件：外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

硬盘用压电厚膜微致动器的制作及有限元分析

设计、制作并分析了一种用于高密度硬盘磁头精确定位的新型压电厚膜微致动器.采用流延技术制备PMN-PZT多层膜元件,使用丝网印刷工艺制作Ag/Pd内电极,并对其进行了有限元建模和仿真.仿真结果表明,当采用4层结构的压电厚膜微致动器时,在外加电压±30 V的条件下,可以实现0.921 6 μm的悬臂自由端位移和19.638 kHz的谐振频率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.