空气低温等离子体对涤纶纤维的表面改性作用

观测了空气低温等离子体对涤纶纤维的表面改性作用。结果表明,在本实验条件下,涤纶纤维经空气低温等离子体处理０．５小时,吸水性能最佳,１．０小时交联度最大,电镜观察表面改性明显。     

涤纶改性共混体系--PMMA/PET 结晶性能的研究

采用DSC研究了PMMA／PET共混体系的非等温熔融结晶行为。结果表明：在PMMA／PET共混体系中，当PMMA的质量分数为1．0％－7．5％时，PMMA的加入提高了PET的结晶能力，其中质量分数为1％时最甚。共混体系的m值大于PET，故PMMA的加入不起成核剂的作用， 只是促进晶核的生长。     

苯甲醇在阳离子染料染阴离子改性涤纶中的作用机理

对文题的研究表明,染料阳离子与纤维内部的阴离子经离子交换而结合。染色是放热及熵减小过程。苯甲醇的存在,提高了染色饱和值和染色速度;降低了染色亲合力、染色热及染色熵;消除了环染,其效果随染浴(或纤维)内苯甲醇浓度的升高而加强。用红外光谱法及X-射线衍射法测定了经苯甲醇水溶液处理过的聚合物的结晶性能;用差式扫描量热法、拉伸试验和动态粘弹谱等方法测定了该聚合物的熔融及力学性能。结果表明,苯甲醇渗入了聚合物(纤维)内部,并减弱其非晶区的分子间的相互作用,但不破坏结晶区,同时导致纤维溶胀,链段淌动性加强,因而促进了染色。     

涤纶废料醇解与松香改性对茉型不饱和聚酯的制备

本文就催化剂，醇类型及用量，醇解时间，加料方式等各种因素对ＰＥＴ废料醇解反应的影响进行了探讨，并以此醇解物与顺酐反应，再用松香改性，制得了贮存的对苯型不饱和原酯树脂，大大提高了与苯乙烯的相溶性。     

涤纶废丝醇解改性共聚（粘合衬布专用）热熔胶的研制

本文叙述了以涤纶废丝为原料，通过醇解改性共缩聚的方法研制聚酯热熔胶的试验过程和结果，讨论了在聚酯热熔胶的大分子中引入醚键，以达到提高其柔顺性和粘合性能的目的。     

蛋白质酶法改性理论的现状及存在的问题

本文介绍了植物蛋白质酶法改性的理论,分析了现存理论的缺陷及其产生的原因。作者试图从改进旧理论的研究入手,解决目前无法控制改性蛋白质性质的难题,并提出了相应的途径。     

涤纶织物纳米碳化锆粉体的表面改性

使用硅烷偶联剂KH560对纳米碳化锆粉体进行偶联改性处理,再使用改性后的纳米碳化锆粉体对涤纶织物进行整理及染色.利用扫描电镜、红外光谱和热性能测试技术对纳米碳化锆粉体和涤纶织物纤维表面形态、结构和热性能进行了表征.结果表明,纳米碳化锆粉体经过KH560改性之后,团聚现象明显改善,且发生了化学接枝反应,并通过KH560的桥接作用使纳米碳化锆颗粒牢固附着在涤纶纤维表面.涤纶织物经过纳米碳化锆粉体整理之后,起始和终止热分解温度均有所下降.染色之后纤维表面仍粘附有纳米碳化锆颗粒,纳米碳化锆整理对涤纶纤维染色和热性能没有影响.     

超细粉体的表面改性研究进展

针对目前超细粉体的制备和应用中存在的问题,综述了近年来超细粉体的表面改性方法,如:包覆改性、化学改性、高能改性等.并介绍其特点和表面改性效果的评价方法.     

基于酶法改性的大豆蛋白特征及应用分析

本文从酶法改性大豆蛋白的优良功能特性及水解物的部分不良特性入手，阐述了其相关的特性原理及改善手段，提出了优化水解工艺、进行动力学特性研究为进一步提高改性产品功能特性的必要手段。     

聚氨酯改性的研究进展

重点叙述了近年来主要的聚氨酯改性方法,简述了相应的改性思路,并对预期的聚氨酯改性技术和可能的发展趋势进行了讨论。     

The Effect of Desizing and Scouring with Enzyme on Grooved Polyester/Cotton Denim

The denim woven by cotton and grooved polyester fiber (Coolcool) is desized by amylase and scouring enzyme. The technological parameters are discussed,such as concentrations of amylase and compound enzyme HK,time,temperature,and pH value. The technical conditions are optimized through experimental analysis. This eco-finishing process is very helpful to improve the denim production and the performance of moisture absorption and sweat transmission function.     

冷等离子体对涤棉表面改性及其时效性研究

采用不同工作气体的冷等离子体及不同工作压力,对涤棉进行表面改性,同时测试改性前后涤棉表面的毛细效应,分析其毛细效应的变化程度和趋势．实验结果表明,涤棉经空气、氩气、氮气和氧气等离子体处理后,其表面毛细效应会随着处理时间的延长而增强．同时,改性后涤棉的亲水性能会随着放置时间的延长,有逐渐退化的趋势,由于工作气体不同,工作压力不同,其毛细效应随处理时间和放置时间的变化程度也不尽相同．     

Pulsed UV Laser Modification of Polyester Textile Materials:Effect on Wettability

There has recently been great interest in ablative photodecomposition(APD), notably in pulsed UV laser treatment on polymers, for modification of physical and chemical properties, such as dyeability, printability, adhesion, Iuster and many more. Very little attention was focused, however, on the property of wetting behaviour,which is one of the most fundamental properties in affecting polymer science. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers drawn to two different draw ratios and under two temperatures, and three white knitted polyester fabrics made of 100% PET fibre were used to investigate their wetting behaviour due to excimer laser treatment.Experiments like water contact angle measurement, vertical drop test and moisture regain were conducted upon samples and all results give the same conclusion that laser treatment increases the hydrophobicity of all samples tested. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation reveals how the morphological modification of polymers by laser treatment is correlate     

聚酯纤维及织物亲水整理的现状与发展

主要介绍了对聚酯纤维及织物的亲水整理的要求、影响因素以及亲水整理方法,并探讨了吸湿亲水性涤纶的发展状况.     

仿棉聚酯纤维针织物的起毛起球性能

以仿棉聚酯纤维纯纺纱、纯棉纱及4种不同混纺比的仿棉聚酯纤维与棉的混纺纱为原料,织成双罗纹针织物,对试样织物的起毛起球性能进行了对比,分析了纤维性能、纱线性能等因素对试样织物起毛起球性能的影响,以此探讨仿棉聚酯纤维针织物的起毛起球性能.结果表明:仿棉聚酯纤维针织物的抗起毛起球性能在一定程度上得到了改善,起毛起球等级与纯棉针织物相近.     

不饱和聚酯树脂的研究进展

综述了不饱和聚酯树脂的合成、性能、最近技术发展动向;由通用型树脂向功能化、精细化、高性能化方向发展,并介绍了其成型及应用方面的例子。     

端羟基超支化聚酯的制备及改性

以2,2-二羟甲基丙酸和季戊四醇(核)为原料,财甲苯磺酸为催化剂,合成了超支化聚醇(B),用顺丁烯二酸酐进行了部分端基改性.探讨了溶剂对端基超支化聚醑改性的影响,对改性后的超支化聚酯进行水溶性测定,通过FI-IR和1HNMR图谱对超支化聚醋及不同溶剂中改性的聚酯进行了表征.结果表明:将端羟基(-OH)改性为羧基(-COOH)后,超支化聚酯的水溶性增加;用丙酮做溶剂可得到改性度更高的超支化聚醇,且更易于纯化.     

超支化聚酯Boltorn H20的改性研究

超支化聚酯Boltorn H20分子末端含有很多羟基,采用回流冷凝法,用顺丁烯二酸酐将H20部分端羟基进行改性,从而在H20分子上引入了端羧基.主要讨论了溶剂和改性不同端羟基数目对反应的影响,反应终点采用红外光谱来确定.核磁共振谱图证实了Boltorn H20被成功改性,这为进一步研究超支化聚酯在水性涂料中的应用奠定了基础.     

Synthesis and Application of Easy Hydrolysis Degradable Polyester

An easy hydrolysis degradable polyester (EHDP) is synthesized; the fiber produced from which can be hydrolyzed by dilute basic solution easily. The properties of these kind polyesters are measured. The results show that this kind polymer is suitable to be spun into filament The EHDP can be spun into staple fiber and manufactured into non-woven fabric. This fabric is used as disposable clothes. In composite spinning, the PET (polyethylen glycol terephthalate) or PA (poly amide) is used as continuous phase, and EHDP used as dispersed phase. Then the fabric of this kind fiber is treated by basic solution; the ultra-fine fiber fabric is obtained. The fineness of the fiber is about 0.045 dtex. In blend spinning, EHDP is mixed with polypropylene (PP) to produce hollow fiber with micro-holes hi radical direction. This fiber is a usable material in filter especially in medical use.     

Enzymatic Treatment of Wool

Three proteases were applied to treatments of wool. The shrinkage, dyeing behavior, some physical and mechanical properties of treated wool were studied. Peroxymonosulfate(PMS) and lipase were used to pretreat wool before the treatment of it by protease. The results show that the shrink resistance of wool fabric is not obtained when it is treated only by the protease, but it is remarkably improved when the wool fabric is treated first by PMS or a lipase afterwards by protease. The rate of dyeing is increased when the wool is treated by protease or combination of oxidant/ lipase and protease. Whiteness, luster and softness of treated wool are improved, while the strength and elasticity are reduced.