赛前训练对速滑运动员血IgG,IgM,IgA,WBC,LY的影响

选择速滑专业运动员7名,观察一次赛前训练对速滑运动员IgG,IgM,IgA及WBC,LY的影响。于安静时和训练后即刻及恢复24 h,分别采静脉血5 mL,用全血细胞分析仪测定WBC,LY;IgG,IgM,IgA用特定蛋白分析仪采用散射比浊法完成。并于训练后即刻采指尖微量血,快速测试血乳酸。结果表明,与安静值比较运动员训练后血WBC、LY出现明显增高;安静时和训练后IgG个体差异比较大,有增高、下降、不变的不同表现。与安静时比较IgM、IgA的平均水平在训练后没有出现规律性变化。     

免疫球蛋白IgG和IgM分离纯化技术现状与展望

抗体是动物有机体在抗原刺激下产生的具有抵抗外源物质侵袭的生物活性物质,是大分子糖蛋白,是免疫学研究和临床应用较多的物质,研究与应用都要求较高的纯度和生物活性,这对此类物质的分离纯化提出了很高要求.文章以IgG和IgM为目标抗体,重点阐述了其纯化技术,比较分析了各种方法的应用范围、优化条件及优缺点,以期为今后分离纯化IgG和IgM提供参考.     

日粮中添加苜草素对幼猴免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM的影响

目的本实验通过在幼年恒河猴日粮中添加不同浓度的苜草素,对实验前后组间IgG、IgA、IgM进行比较分析。方法将15只人工饲养的健康幼年恒河猴随机分为3组:A组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;B、C组在基础日粮中分别加入0.1%和0.2%的苜草素。饲喂两个月后检测15只恒河猴血液中IgG、IgA、IgM水平。结果A、B、C三组实验后IgG分别为644.8 mg±72.23 mg/dL7、56.4 mg±55.87 mg/dL、776.4 mg±193.84 mg/dL;IgA分别为12.41 mg±3.31 mg/dL1、7.2 mg±1.77 mg/dL、19.75 mg±0.72 mg/dL;IgM分别为42.66 mg±4.45 mg/dL6、5.58 mg±10.11 mg/dL、71.36 mg±10.62 mg/dL。结论B、C组实验后IgGI、gAI、gM水平明显高于A组(P<0.05),同时两组实验后IgG、IgA、IgM水平也明显高于实验前(P<0.05),实验后C组IgG、IgA、IgM水平明显高于其他两组(P<0.05),表明苜草素能有效提高猕猴免疫球蛋白水平,增强猕猴自身免疫力。     

The receptor for transepithelial transport of IgA and IgM contains multiple immunoglobulin-like domains

We have cloned and sequenced cDNA for the receptor that mediates the endocytosis and transcellular transport of IgA and IgM across many glandular epithelia into external secretions. This receptor contains five extracellular domains which are strikingly homologous to each other and to immunoglobulin variable regions.     

Human IgE, IgG4 and resistance to reinfection with Schistosoma haematobium

A well recognized feature of the immune response to parasitic helminth infections, including schistosomiasis, is the production of large amounts of specific and nonspecific IgE1,2. Immunological pathways involving IgE can lead to damage to the developing schistosomulum and it has been suggested that responses involving IgE could have evolved as protection against helminth infections. There has been no epidemiological evidence to support this idea and the only significant IgE responses known in man are those involved in the pathogenesis of allergic disease. Here we measure serological response during reinfection with S. haematobium and demonstrate that IgE antibodies in man can be beneficial. Our results support the hypothesis that the slow build-up of IgE to high levels and the early production of IgG4 antibodies, which may block IgE pathways are responsible for delaying the development of protective immunity to S. haematobium.     

硬骨鱼IgM结构和功能及其体液免疫应答

经典免疫学理论有2个基本模式阐述抗体免疫反应的发展和功能：（1）亲和力成熟依赖于机体本身的和通过突变形成的高亲和力抗体的抗原驱动选择过程;（2）抗体的生物效应功能是由抗体的类型所决定的.最近研究发现硬骨鱼的免疫系统通过调控结合抗原的亲和力大小来改变分泌的IgM抗体同质异构体结构的比例,从而影响其抗体在血清中的半衰期.这种独特性质的发现是对经典免疫学理论的补充和扩展.文章概述了硬骨鱼IgM抗体结构和功能的亲和力驱动调节,并介绍维持体液免疫记忆的长寿命浆细胞和记忆性B细胞的性质以及抗体分泌细胞（如原浆细胞、浆细胞）在体液免疫应答中的作用.了解硬骨鱼IgM结构和功能的关系,以及不同分化阶段B细胞维持体液免疫反应的机制,将有利于探索构建硬骨鱼免疫评价体系,并为高效的渔用疫苗开发和疫苗效果精确性评价奠定理论基础.     

Functional and spatial segregation of secretory vesicle pools according to vesicle age

Synaptic terminals and neuroendocrine cells are packed with secretory vesicles, only a few of which are docked at the plasma membrane and readily releasable. The remainder are thought to constitute a large cytoplasmic reserve pool awaiting recruitment into the readily releasable pool (RRP) for exocytosis. How vesicles are prioritized in recruitment is still unknown: the choice could be random, or else the oldest or the newest ones might be favoured. Here we show, using a fluorescent cargo protein that changes colour with time, that vesicles in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells segregate into distinct populations, based on age. Newly assembled vesicles are immobile (morphologically docked) at the plasma membrane shortly after biogenesis, whereas older vesicles are mobile and located deeper in the cell. Different secretagogues selectively release vesicles from the RRP or, surprisingly, selectively from the deeper cytoplasmic pool. Thus, far from being equal, vesicles are segregated functionally and spatially according to age.     

“三平台、三阶段、三层次”实验教学体系的构建与成效

为培养学生的实践技能、科学思维、创新能力,搭建实验教学"三平台",构建夯实基础、熟练掌握、有效提升的生物技能训练三阶段实验教学体系,建立了实验教学评价体系和组织保障体系,在不同阶段确立不同层次的实验内容、培养目标,系统培养学生的实验能力。近5年的成果表明,构建的体系能显著提高实验教学效果,有效促进学生实践能力和创新能力的发展。     

Similar response of labile and resistant soil organic matter pools to changes in temperature

Our understanding of the relationship between the decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) and soil temperature affects our predictions of the impact of climate change on soil-stored carbon. One current opinion is that the decomposition of soil labile carbon is sensitive to temperature variation whereas resistant components are insensitive. The resistant carbon or organic matter in mineral soil is then assumed to be unresponsive to global warming. But the global pattern and magnitude of the predicted future soil carbon stock will mainly rely on the temperature sensitivity of these resistant carbon pools. To investigate this sensitivity, we have incubated soils under changing temperature. Here we report that SOM decomposition or soil basal respiration rate was significantly affected by changes in SOM components associated with soil depth, sampling method and incubation time. We find, however, that the temperature sensitivity for SOM decomposition was not affected, suggesting that the temperature sensitivity for resistant organic matter pools does not differ significantly from that of labile pools, and that both types of SOM will therefore respond similarly to global warming.     

浅议常见建筑结构裂缝原因及其防治

建筑物砌体裂缝是目前较难克服的质量通病,而且砌体裂缝不仅种类繁多、形态各异,轻者影响建筑物美观造成渗漏,严重的可能降低建筑物的耐久性,甚至会导致重大的质量事故,特别是住宅工程,一旦发现裂缝,往往引起投诉、纠纷以及索赔要求等。因此,正确分析原因,切实加以防治十分必要、十分迫切。